| Message ID | 1506094890-19370-1-git-send-email-vidya.srinivas@intel.com (mailing list archive) |
|---|---|
| State | New, archived |
| Headers | show |
On Fri, Sep 22, 2017 at 09:11:30PM +0530, Vidya Srinivas wrote: > From: Uma Shankar <uma.shankar@intel.com> > > For certain platforms on certain encoders, timings are driven > from port instead of pipe. Thus, we can't rely on pipe scanline > registers to get the timing information. Some cases scanline > register read will not be functional. > This is causing vblank evasion logic to fail since it relies on > scanline, causing atomic update failure warnings. > > This patch uses pipe framestamp and current timestamp registers > to calculate scanline. This is an indirect way to get the scanline. > It helps resolve atomic update failure for gen9 dsi platforms. > > v2: Addressed Ville and Daniel's review comments. Updated the > register MACROs, handled race condition for register reads, > extracted timings from the hwmode. Removed the dependency on > crtc->config to get the encoder type. > > v3: Made get scanline function generic > > v4: Addressed Ville's review comments. Added a flag to decide timestamp > based scanline reporting. Changed 64bit variables to u32 > > v5: Adressed Ville's review comments. Put the scanline compute function > at the place of caller. Removed hwmode flag from uapi and used a local > private_flag instead. > > Credits-to: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com> > Signed-off-by: Uma Shankar <uma.shankar@intel.com> > Signed-off-by: Chandra Konduru <chandra.konduru@intel.com> > Signed-off-by: Vidya Srinivas <vidya.srinivas@intel.com> > --- > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c | 50 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h | 9 +++++++ > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h | 2 ++ > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c | 7 ++++++ > 4 files changed, 68 insertions(+) > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > index 91a2c5d..6d7cd20 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > @@ -772,6 +772,53 @@ static u32 g4x_get_vblank_counter(struct drm_device *dev, unsigned int pipe) > return I915_READ(PIPE_FRMCOUNT_G4X(pipe)); > } > > +/* > + * On certain encoders on certain platforms, pipe > + * scanline register will not work to get the scanline, > + * since the timings are driven from the PORT or issues > + * with scanline register updates. > + * This function will use Framestamp and current > + * timestamp registers to calculate the scanline. > + */ > +u32 __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(struct intel_crtc *crtc) static I think sparse would have caught that. Please compile w/ C=1 to make sure sparse stays happy. (+ run checkpatch ofc) > +{ > + struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = to_i915(crtc->base.dev); > + u32 vblank_start = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vblank_start; > + u32 vtotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vtotal; > + u32 htotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_htotal; > + u32 clock = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_clock; > + u32 scanline = 0, scan_prev_time, scan_curr_time, scan_post_time; > + > + /* To avoid the race condition where we might cross into the > + * next vblank just between the PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and TIMESTAMP_CTR > + * reads. We make sure we read PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and TIMESTAMP_CTR > + * during the same frame. > + */ > + do { > + /* > + * This field provides read back of the display > + * pipe frame time stamp. The time stamp value > + * is sampled at every start of vertical blank. > + */ > + scan_prev_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc->pipe)); > + > + /* > + * The TIMESTAMP_CTR register has the current > + * time stamp value. > + */ > + scan_curr_time = I915_READ_FW(IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR); > + > + scan_post_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc->pipe)); > + } while (scan_post_time != scan_prev_time); > + > + scanline = div_u64(mul_u32_u32(scan_curr_time - scan_prev_time, > + clock), 1000 * htotal); > + scanline = min(scanline, vtotal - 1); > + scanline = (scanline + vblank_start) % vtotal; > + > + return scanline; > +} > + > /* I915_READ_FW, only for fast reads of display block, no need for forcewake etc. */ > static int __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct intel_crtc *crtc) > { > @@ -788,6 +835,9 @@ static int __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct intel_crtc *crtc) > vblank = &crtc->base.dev->vblank[drm_crtc_index(&crtc->base)]; > mode = &vblank->hwmode; > > + if (mode->private_flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP) > + return __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(crtc); > + > vtotal = mode->crtc_vtotal; > if (mode->flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_INTERLACE) > vtotal /= 2; > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > index 9f03cd0..fbd00cc 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > @@ -8804,6 +8804,15 @@ enum skl_power_gate { > #define MIPIO_TXESC_CLK_DIV2 _MMIO(0x160008) > #define GLK_TX_ESC_CLK_DIV2_MASK 0x3FF > > +/* Gen4+ Timestamp and Pipe Frame time stamp registers */ > +#define GEN4_TIMESTAMP _MMIO(0x2358) > +#define ILK_TIMESTAMP_HI _MMIO(0x70070) > +#define IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR _MMIO(0x44070) > + > +#define _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A 0x70048 > +#define PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(pipe) \ > + _MMIO_PIPE2(pipe, _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A) > + > /* BXT MIPI clock controls */ > #define BXT_MAX_VAR_OUTPUT_KHZ 39500 > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > index 3078076..ca458f5 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > @@ -494,6 +494,8 @@ struct intel_crtc_scaler_state { > > /* drm_mode->private_flags */ > #define I915_MODE_FLAG_INHERITED 1 > +/* Flag to get scanline using frame time stamps */ > +#define DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP (1<<1) s/DRM_/I915_/ With that this is Reviewed-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com> Does it still work? :) > > struct intel_pipe_wm { > struct intel_wm_level wm[5]; > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > index 578254a..f91ccc7 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > @@ -328,6 +328,9 @@ static bool intel_dsi_compute_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder, > > /* DSI uses short packets for sync events, so clear mode flags for DSI */ > adjusted_mode->flags = 0; > + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ > + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= > + DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; > > if (IS_GEN9_LP(dev_priv)) { > /* Dual link goes to DSI transcoder A. */ > @@ -1102,6 +1105,10 @@ static void bxt_dsi_get_pipe_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder, > pixel_format_from_register_bits(fmt)); > bpp = pipe_config->pipe_bpp; > > + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ > + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= > + DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; > + > /* In terms of pixels */ > adjusted_mode->crtc_hdisplay = > I915_READ(BXT_MIPI_TRANS_HACTIVE(port)); > -- > 1.7.9.5 > > _______________________________________________ > Intel-gfx mailing list > Intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org > https://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/intel-gfx
HI, > -----Original Message----- > From: Intel-gfx [mailto:intel-gfx-bounces@lists.freedesktop.org] On Behalf Of > Ville Syrjälä > Sent: perjantai 22. syyskuuta 2017 18.48 > To: Srinivas, Vidya <vidya.srinivas@intel.com> > Cc: intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org; Syrjala, Ville <ville.syrjala@intel.com> > Subject: Re: [Intel-gfx] [PATCH v5] drm/i915: Enable scanline read based on > frame timestamps > > On Fri, Sep 22, 2017 at 09:11:30PM +0530, Vidya Srinivas wrote: > > From: Uma Shankar <uma.shankar@intel.com> > > > > For certain platforms on certain encoders, timings are driven from > > port instead of pipe. Thus, we can't rely on pipe scanline registers > > to get the timing information. Some cases scanline register read will > > not be functional. > > This is causing vblank evasion logic to fail since it relies on > > scanline, causing atomic update failure warnings. > > > > This patch uses pipe framestamp and current timestamp registers to > > calculate scanline. This is an indirect way to get the scanline. > > It helps resolve atomic update failure for gen9 dsi platforms. > > > > v2: Addressed Ville and Daniel's review comments. Updated the register > > MACROs, handled race condition for register reads, extracted timings > > from the hwmode. Removed the dependency on > > crtc->config to get the encoder type. > > > > v3: Made get scanline function generic > > > > v4: Addressed Ville's review comments. Added a flag to decide > > timestamp based scanline reporting. Changed 64bit variables to u32 > > > > v5: Adressed Ville's review comments. Put the scanline compute > > function at the place of caller. Removed hwmode flag from uapi and > > used a local private_flag instead. > > > > Credits-to: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com> > > Signed-off-by: Uma Shankar <uma.shankar@intel.com> > > Signed-off-by: Chandra Konduru <chandra.konduru@intel.com> > > Signed-off-by: Vidya Srinivas <vidya.srinivas@intel.com> > > --- > > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c | 50 > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ > > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h | 9 +++++++ > > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h | 2 ++ > > drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c | 7 ++++++ > > 4 files changed, 68 insertions(+) > > > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > > b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c index 91a2c5d..6d7cd20 100644 > > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c > > @@ -772,6 +772,53 @@ static u32 g4x_get_vblank_counter(struct > drm_device *dev, unsigned int pipe) > > return I915_READ(PIPE_FRMCOUNT_G4X(pipe)); > > } > > > > +/* > > + * On certain encoders on certain platforms, pipe > > + * scanline register will not work to get the scanline, > > + * since the timings are driven from the PORT or issues > > + * with scanline register updates. > > + * This function will use Framestamp and current > > + * timestamp registers to calculate the scanline. > > + */ > > +u32 __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(struct intel_crtc *crtc) > > static > > I think sparse would have caught that. Please compile w/ C=1 to make sure > sparse stays happy. (+ run checkpatch ofc) > > > > +{ > > + struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = to_i915(crtc->base.dev); > > + u32 vblank_start = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vblank_start; > > + u32 vtotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vtotal; > > + u32 htotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_htotal; > > + u32 clock = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_clock; > > + u32 scanline = 0, scan_prev_time, scan_curr_time, scan_post_time; > > + > > + /* To avoid the race condition where we might cross into the > > + * next vblank just between the PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and > TIMESTAMP_CTR > > + * reads. We make sure we read PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and > TIMESTAMP_CTR > > + * during the same frame. > > + */ > > + do { > > + /* > > + * This field provides read back of the display > > + * pipe frame time stamp. The time stamp value > > + * is sampled at every start of vertical blank. > > + */ > > + scan_prev_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc- > >pipe)); > > + > > + /* > > + * The TIMESTAMP_CTR register has the current > > + * time stamp value. > > + */ > > + scan_curr_time = I915_READ_FW(IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR); > > + > > + scan_post_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc- > >pipe)); > > + } while (scan_post_time != scan_prev_time); > > + > > + scanline = div_u64(mul_u32_u32(scan_curr_time - scan_prev_time, > > + clock), 1000 * htotal); > > + scanline = min(scanline, vtotal - 1); > > + scanline = (scanline + vblank_start) % vtotal; > > + > > + return scanline; > > +} > > + > > /* I915_READ_FW, only for fast reads of display block, no need for > > forcewake etc. */ static int __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct > > intel_crtc *crtc) { @@ -788,6 +835,9 @@ static int > > __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct intel_crtc *crtc) > > vblank = &crtc->base.dev->vblank[drm_crtc_index(&crtc->base)]; > > mode = &vblank->hwmode; > > > > + if (mode->private_flags & > DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP) > > + return __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(crtc); > > + > > vtotal = mode->crtc_vtotal; > > if (mode->flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_INTERLACE) > > vtotal /= 2; > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > > b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h index 9f03cd0..fbd00cc 100644 > > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h > > @@ -8804,6 +8804,15 @@ enum skl_power_gate { > > #define MIPIO_TXESC_CLK_DIV2 _MMIO(0x160008) > > #define GLK_TX_ESC_CLK_DIV2_MASK 0x3FF > > > > +/* Gen4+ Timestamp and Pipe Frame time stamp registers */ > > +#define GEN4_TIMESTAMP _MMIO(0x2358) > > +#define ILK_TIMESTAMP_HI _MMIO(0x70070) > > +#define IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR _MMIO(0x44070) > > + > > +#define _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A 0x70048 > > +#define PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(pipe) \ > > + _MMIO_PIPE2(pipe, _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A) > > + > > /* BXT MIPI clock controls */ > > #define BXT_MAX_VAR_OUTPUT_KHZ 39500 > > > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > > b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > > index 3078076..ca458f5 100644 > > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h > > @@ -494,6 +494,8 @@ struct intel_crtc_scaler_state { > > > > /* drm_mode->private_flags */ > > #define I915_MODE_FLAG_INHERITED 1 > > +/* Flag to get scanline using frame time stamps */ #define > > +DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP (1<<1) > > s/DRM_/I915_/ > > With that this is > Reviewed-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com> > > Does it still work? :) According to try-bot, yes: https://intel-gfx-ci.01.org/tree/drm-tip/Trybot_1180/ > > > > > struct intel_pipe_wm { > > struct intel_wm_level wm[5]; > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > > b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > > index 578254a..f91ccc7 100644 > > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c > > @@ -328,6 +328,9 @@ static bool intel_dsi_compute_config(struct > > intel_encoder *encoder, > > > > /* DSI uses short packets for sync events, so clear mode flags for DSI > */ > > adjusted_mode->flags = 0; > > + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ > > + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= > > + > DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; > > > > if (IS_GEN9_LP(dev_priv)) { > > /* Dual link goes to DSI transcoder A. */ @@ -1102,6 > +1105,10 @@ > > static void bxt_dsi_get_pipe_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder, > > pixel_format_from_register_bits(fmt)); > > bpp = pipe_config->pipe_bpp; > > > > + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ > > + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= > > + > DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; > > + > > /* In terms of pixels */ > > adjusted_mode->crtc_hdisplay = > > > I915_READ(BXT_MIPI_TRANS_HACTIVE(port)); > > -- > > 1.7.9.5 > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Intel-gfx mailing list > > Intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org > > https://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/intel-gfx > > -- > Ville Syrjälä > Intel OTC > _______________________________________________ > Intel-gfx mailing list > Intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org > https://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/intel-gfx
diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c index 91a2c5d..6d7cd20 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_irq.c @@ -772,6 +772,53 @@ static u32 g4x_get_vblank_counter(struct drm_device *dev, unsigned int pipe) return I915_READ(PIPE_FRMCOUNT_G4X(pipe)); } +/* + * On certain encoders on certain platforms, pipe + * scanline register will not work to get the scanline, + * since the timings are driven from the PORT or issues + * with scanline register updates. + * This function will use Framestamp and current + * timestamp registers to calculate the scanline. + */ +u32 __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(struct intel_crtc *crtc) +{ + struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = to_i915(crtc->base.dev); + u32 vblank_start = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vblank_start; + u32 vtotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_vtotal; + u32 htotal = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_htotal; + u32 clock = crtc->base.hwmode.crtc_clock; + u32 scanline = 0, scan_prev_time, scan_curr_time, scan_post_time; + + /* To avoid the race condition where we might cross into the + * next vblank just between the PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and TIMESTAMP_CTR + * reads. We make sure we read PIPE_FRMTMSTMP and TIMESTAMP_CTR + * during the same frame. + */ + do { + /* + * This field provides read back of the display + * pipe frame time stamp. The time stamp value + * is sampled at every start of vertical blank. + */ + scan_prev_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc->pipe)); + + /* + * The TIMESTAMP_CTR register has the current + * time stamp value. + */ + scan_curr_time = I915_READ_FW(IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR); + + scan_post_time = I915_READ_FW(PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(crtc->pipe)); + } while (scan_post_time != scan_prev_time); + + scanline = div_u64(mul_u32_u32(scan_curr_time - scan_prev_time, + clock), 1000 * htotal); + scanline = min(scanline, vtotal - 1); + scanline = (scanline + vblank_start) % vtotal; + + return scanline; +} + /* I915_READ_FW, only for fast reads of display block, no need for forcewake etc. */ static int __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct intel_crtc *crtc) { @@ -788,6 +835,9 @@ static int __intel_get_crtc_scanline(struct intel_crtc *crtc) vblank = &crtc->base.dev->vblank[drm_crtc_index(&crtc->base)]; mode = &vblank->hwmode; + if (mode->private_flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP) + return __intel_get_crtc_scanline_from_timestamp(crtc); + vtotal = mode->crtc_vtotal; if (mode->flags & DRM_MODE_FLAG_INTERLACE) vtotal /= 2; diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h index 9f03cd0..fbd00cc 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_reg.h @@ -8804,6 +8804,15 @@ enum skl_power_gate { #define MIPIO_TXESC_CLK_DIV2 _MMIO(0x160008) #define GLK_TX_ESC_CLK_DIV2_MASK 0x3FF +/* Gen4+ Timestamp and Pipe Frame time stamp registers */ +#define GEN4_TIMESTAMP _MMIO(0x2358) +#define ILK_TIMESTAMP_HI _MMIO(0x70070) +#define IVB_TIMESTAMP_CTR _MMIO(0x44070) + +#define _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A 0x70048 +#define PIPE_FRMTMSTMP(pipe) \ + _MMIO_PIPE2(pipe, _PIPE_FRMTMSTMP_A) + /* BXT MIPI clock controls */ #define BXT_MAX_VAR_OUTPUT_KHZ 39500 diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h index 3078076..ca458f5 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_drv.h @@ -494,6 +494,8 @@ struct intel_crtc_scaler_state { /* drm_mode->private_flags */ #define I915_MODE_FLAG_INHERITED 1 +/* Flag to get scanline using frame time stamps */ +#define DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP (1<<1) struct intel_pipe_wm { struct intel_wm_level wm[5]; diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c index 578254a..f91ccc7 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_dsi.c @@ -328,6 +328,9 @@ static bool intel_dsi_compute_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder, /* DSI uses short packets for sync events, so clear mode flags for DSI */ adjusted_mode->flags = 0; + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= + DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; if (IS_GEN9_LP(dev_priv)) { /* Dual link goes to DSI transcoder A. */ @@ -1102,6 +1105,10 @@ static void bxt_dsi_get_pipe_config(struct intel_encoder *encoder, pixel_format_from_register_bits(fmt)); bpp = pipe_config->pipe_bpp; + /* Enable Frame time stamo based scanline reporting */ + adjusted_mode->private_flags |= + DRM_MODE_FLAG_GET_SCANLINE_FROM_TIMESTAMP; + /* In terms of pixels */ adjusted_mode->crtc_hdisplay = I915_READ(BXT_MIPI_TRANS_HACTIVE(port));