| Message ID | 20190723221838.12024-2-suzuki.poulose@arm.com (mailing list archive) |
|---|---|
| State | Mainlined |
| Commit | 6cda08a20dbde45b021091230c8a359fa08c5103 |
| Headers | show |
| Series | [v3,1/7] drivers: Introduce device lookup variants by name | expand |
On 23/07/2019 23:18:32+0100, Suzuki K Poulose wrote: > Add a helper to match the device name for device lookup. Also > reuse this generic exported helper for the existing bus_find_device_by_name(). > and add similar variants for driver/class. > > Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it> > Cc: Alexander Aring <alex.aring@gmail.com> > Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> > Cc: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> > Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> > Cc: Dan Murphy <dmurphy@ti.com> > Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> > Cc: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com> > Cc: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com> > Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> > Cc: Jacek Anaszewski <jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com> > Cc: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org> > Cc: linux-leds@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-rtc@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-wpan@vger.kernel.org > Cc: Maxime Coquelin <mcoquelin.stm32@gmail.com> > Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> > Cc: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com> > Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> > Cc: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@datenfreihafen.org> > Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> > Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> > Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com> Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> > --- > drivers/base/bus.c | 24 ------------------ > drivers/base/core.c | 6 +++++ > drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c | 9 +------ > drivers/leds/led-class.c | 9 +------ > drivers/rtc/interface.c | 11 +-------- > drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c | 10 +------- > drivers/s390/cio/device.c | 15 +----------- > drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c | 11 +-------- > drivers/usb/roles/class.c | 8 +----- > drivers/usb/typec/class.c | 8 +----- > include/linux/device.h | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- > net/ieee802154/core.c | 7 +----- > 12 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/base/bus.c b/drivers/base/bus.c > index df3cac739813..a1d1e8256324 100644 > --- a/drivers/base/bus.c > +++ b/drivers/base/bus.c > @@ -342,30 +342,6 @@ struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device); > > -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > -/** > - * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device of a specific name > - * @bus: bus type > - * @start: Device to begin with > - * @name: name of the device to match > - * > - * This is similar to the bus_find_device() function above, but it handles > - * searching by a name automatically, no need to write another strcmp matching > - * function. > - */ > -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > - struct device *start, const char *name) > -{ > - return bus_find_device(bus, start, (void *)name, match_name); > -} > -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device_by_name); > - > /** > * subsys_find_device_by_id - find a device with a specific enumeration number > * @subsys: subsystem > diff --git a/drivers/base/core.c b/drivers/base/core.c > index da84a73f2ba6..fb83647d685a 100644 > --- a/drivers/base/core.c > +++ b/drivers/base/core.c > @@ -3357,6 +3357,12 @@ void device_set_of_node_from_dev(struct device *dev, const struct device *dev2) > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_set_of_node_from_dev); > > +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name) > +{ > + return sysfs_streq(dev_name(dev), name); > +} > +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_match_name); > + > int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np) > { > return dev->of_node == np; > diff --git a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > index e55b902560de..2b6bd42632e8 100644 > --- a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > +++ b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > @@ -89,13 +89,6 @@ static struct class stm_class = { > .dev_groups = stm_groups, > }; > > -static int stm_dev_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > /** > * stm_find_device() - find stm device by name > * @buf: character buffer containing the name > @@ -116,7 +109,7 @@ struct stm_device *stm_find_device(const char *buf) > if (!stm_core_up) > return NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(&stm_class, NULL, buf, stm_dev_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&stm_class, buf); > if (!dev) > return NULL; > > diff --git a/drivers/leds/led-class.c b/drivers/leds/led-class.c > index 4793e77808e2..d54c8e4d8954 100644 > --- a/drivers/leds/led-class.c > +++ b/drivers/leds/led-class.c > @@ -213,13 +213,6 @@ static int led_resume(struct device *dev) > > static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(leds_class_dev_pm_ops, led_suspend, led_resume); > > -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - if (!dev_name(dev)) > - return 0; > - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (char *)data); > -} > - > static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, > size_t len) > { > @@ -230,7 +223,7 @@ static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, > strlcpy(name, init_name, len); > > while ((ret < len) && > - (dev = class_find_device(leds_class, NULL, name, match_name))) { > + (dev = class_find_device_by_name(leds_class, name))) { > put_device(dev); > ret = snprintf(name, len, "%s_%u", init_name, ++i); > } > diff --git a/drivers/rtc/interface.c b/drivers/rtc/interface.c > index 72b7ddc43116..c93ef33b01d3 100644 > --- a/drivers/rtc/interface.c > +++ b/drivers/rtc/interface.c > @@ -663,21 +663,12 @@ void rtc_update_irq(struct rtc_device *rtc, > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rtc_update_irq); > > -static int __rtc_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name) == 0) > - return 1; > - return 0; > -} > - > struct rtc_device *rtc_class_open(const char *name) > { > struct device *dev; > struct rtc_device *rtc = NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(rtc_class, NULL, name, __rtc_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(rtc_class, name); > if (dev) > rtc = to_rtc_device(dev); > > diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > index c522e9313c50..d843e362c167 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > @@ -608,13 +608,6 @@ void ccwgroup_driver_unregister(struct ccwgroup_driver *cdriver) > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL(ccwgroup_driver_unregister); > > -static int __ccwgroupdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) > -{ > - const char *bus_id = id; > - > - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); > -} > - > /** > * get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id > * @gdrv: driver the device is owned by > @@ -631,8 +624,7 @@ struct ccwgroup_device *get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid(struct ccwgroup_driver *gdrv, > { > struct device *dev; > > - dev = driver_find_device(&gdrv->driver, NULL, bus_id, > - __ccwgroupdev_check_busid); > + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&gdrv->driver, bus_id); > > return dev ? to_ccwgroupdev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > index c421899be20f..131430bd48d9 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > @@ -1695,18 +1695,6 @@ int ccw_device_force_console(struct ccw_device *cdev) > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ccw_device_force_console); > #endif > > -/* > - * get ccw_device matching the busid, but only if owned by cdrv > - */ > -static int > -__ccwdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) > -{ > - const char *bus_id = id; > - > - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); > -} > - > - > /** > * get_ccwdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id > * @cdrv: driver the device is owned by > @@ -1723,8 +1711,7 @@ struct ccw_device *get_ccwdev_by_busid(struct ccw_driver *cdrv, > { > struct device *dev; > > - dev = driver_find_device(&cdrv->driver, NULL, (void *)bus_id, > - __ccwdev_check_busid); > + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&cdrv->driver, bus_id); > > return dev ? to_ccwdev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > index 1058b4b5cc1e..38a5a47b8c9c 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > @@ -133,12 +133,6 @@ struct zcdn_device { > static int zcdn_create(const char *name); > static int zcdn_destroy(const char *name); > > -/* helper function, matches the name for find_zcdndev_by_name() */ > -static int __match_zcdn_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - return strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data) == 0; > -} > - > /* helper function, matches the devt value for find_zcdndev_by_devt() */ > static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) > { > @@ -152,10 +146,7 @@ static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) > */ > static inline struct zcdn_device *find_zcdndev_by_name(const char *name) > { > - struct device *dev = > - class_find_device(zcrypt_class, NULL, > - (void *) name, > - __match_zcdn_name); > + struct device *dev = class_find_device_by_name(zcrypt_class, name); > > return dev ? to_zcdn_dev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > index 86defca6623e..c8efe60e2465 100644 > --- a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > +++ b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > @@ -90,11 +90,6 @@ static int switch_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) > return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; > } > > -static int switch_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) > -{ > - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, > void *data) > { > @@ -107,8 +102,7 @@ static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, > dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->fwnode, > switch_fwnode_match); > } else { > - dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], > - switch_name_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(role_class, con->endpoint[ep]); > } > > return dev ? to_role_switch(dev) : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); > diff --git a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > index a18285a990a8..9b0d15b487e5 100644 > --- a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > +++ b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > @@ -210,11 +210,6 @@ static int typec_port_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) > return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; > } > > -static int typec_port_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) > -{ > - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) > { > struct device *dev; > @@ -227,8 +222,7 @@ static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) > return class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->fwnode, > typec_port_fwnode_match); > > - dev = class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], > - typec_port_name_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(typec_class, con->endpoint[ep]); > > return dev ? dev : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); > } > diff --git a/include/linux/device.h b/include/linux/device.h > index c330b75c6c57..3ba376b8b456 100644 > --- a/include/linux/device.h > +++ b/include/linux/device.h > @@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ void subsys_dev_iter_init(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter, > struct device *subsys_dev_iter_next(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); > void subsys_dev_iter_exit(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); > > +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name); > int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np); > > int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, > @@ -171,9 +172,20 @@ int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, > struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, > const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); > -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > - struct device *start, > - const char *name); > +/** > + * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @bus: bus type > + * @start: Device to begin with > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > + struct device *start, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return bus_find_device(bus, start, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > struct device *subsys_find_device_by_id(struct bus_type *bus, unsigned int id, > struct device *hint); > int bus_for_each_drv(struct bus_type *bus, struct device_driver *start, > @@ -342,6 +354,18 @@ struct device *driver_find_device(struct device_driver *drv, > struct device *start, const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); > > +/** > + * driver_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @driver: the driver we're iterating > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *driver_find_device_by_name(struct device_driver *drv, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return driver_find_device(drv, NULL, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev); > int driver_deferred_probe_check_state(struct device *dev); > int driver_deferred_probe_check_state_continue(struct device *dev); > @@ -471,6 +495,18 @@ extern struct device *class_find_device(struct class *class, > struct device *start, const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *, const void *)); > > +/** > + * class_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @class: class type > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *class_find_device_by_name(struct class *class, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return class_find_device(class, NULL, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > struct class_attribute { > struct attribute attr; > ssize_t (*show)(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr, > diff --git a/net/ieee802154/core.c b/net/ieee802154/core.c > index 60b7ac56a1f5..de259b5170ab 100644 > --- a/net/ieee802154/core.c > +++ b/net/ieee802154/core.c > @@ -23,11 +23,6 @@ > LIST_HEAD(cfg802154_rdev_list); > int cfg802154_rdev_list_generation; > > -static int wpan_phy_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data); > -} > - > struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) > { > struct device *dev; > @@ -35,7 +30,7 @@ struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) > if (WARN_ON(!str)) > return NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(&wpan_phy_class, NULL, str, wpan_phy_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&wpan_phy_class, str); > if (!dev) > return NULL; > > -- > 2.21.0 >
On Tue, Jul 23, 2019 at 11:18:32PM +0100, Suzuki K Poulose wrote: > Add a helper to match the device name for device lookup. Also > reuse this generic exported helper for the existing bus_find_device_by_name(). > and add similar variants for driver/class. > > Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it> > Cc: Alexander Aring <alex.aring@gmail.com> > Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> > Cc: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> > Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> > Cc: Dan Murphy <dmurphy@ti.com> > Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> > Cc: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com> > Cc: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com> > Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> > Cc: Jacek Anaszewski <jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com> > Cc: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org> > Cc: linux-leds@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-rtc@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org > Cc: linux-wpan@vger.kernel.org > Cc: Maxime Coquelin <mcoquelin.stm32@gmail.com> > Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> > Cc: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com> > Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> > Cc: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@datenfreihafen.org> > Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> > Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> > Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.coM> > --- > drivers/base/bus.c | 24 ------------------ > drivers/base/core.c | 6 +++++ > drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c | 9 +------ > drivers/leds/led-class.c | 9 +------ > drivers/rtc/interface.c | 11 +-------- > drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c | 10 +------- > drivers/s390/cio/device.c | 15 +----------- > drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c | 11 +-------- > drivers/usb/roles/class.c | 8 +----- > drivers/usb/typec/class.c | 8 +----- > include/linux/device.h | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- > net/ieee802154/core.c | 7 +----- > 12 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/base/bus.c b/drivers/base/bus.c > index df3cac739813..a1d1e8256324 100644 > --- a/drivers/base/bus.c > +++ b/drivers/base/bus.c > @@ -342,30 +342,6 @@ struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device); > > -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > -/** > - * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device of a specific name > - * @bus: bus type > - * @start: Device to begin with > - * @name: name of the device to match > - * > - * This is similar to the bus_find_device() function above, but it handles > - * searching by a name automatically, no need to write another strcmp matching > - * function. > - */ > -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > - struct device *start, const char *name) > -{ > - return bus_find_device(bus, start, (void *)name, match_name); > -} > -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device_by_name); > - > /** > * subsys_find_device_by_id - find a device with a specific enumeration number > * @subsys: subsystem > diff --git a/drivers/base/core.c b/drivers/base/core.c > index da84a73f2ba6..fb83647d685a 100644 > --- a/drivers/base/core.c > +++ b/drivers/base/core.c > @@ -3357,6 +3357,12 @@ void device_set_of_node_from_dev(struct device *dev, const struct device *dev2) > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_set_of_node_from_dev); > > +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name) > +{ > + return sysfs_streq(dev_name(dev), name); > +} > +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_match_name); > + > int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np) > { > return dev->of_node == np; > diff --git a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > index e55b902560de..2b6bd42632e8 100644 > --- a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > +++ b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c > @@ -89,13 +89,6 @@ static struct class stm_class = { > .dev_groups = stm_groups, > }; > > -static int stm_dev_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > /** > * stm_find_device() - find stm device by name > * @buf: character buffer containing the name > @@ -116,7 +109,7 @@ struct stm_device *stm_find_device(const char *buf) > if (!stm_core_up) > return NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(&stm_class, NULL, buf, stm_dev_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&stm_class, buf); > if (!dev) > return NULL; > > diff --git a/drivers/leds/led-class.c b/drivers/leds/led-class.c > index 4793e77808e2..d54c8e4d8954 100644 > --- a/drivers/leds/led-class.c > +++ b/drivers/leds/led-class.c > @@ -213,13 +213,6 @@ static int led_resume(struct device *dev) > > static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(leds_class_dev_pm_ops, led_suspend, led_resume); > > -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - if (!dev_name(dev)) > - return 0; > - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (char *)data); > -} > - > static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, > size_t len) > { > @@ -230,7 +223,7 @@ static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, > strlcpy(name, init_name, len); > > while ((ret < len) && > - (dev = class_find_device(leds_class, NULL, name, match_name))) { > + (dev = class_find_device_by_name(leds_class, name))) { > put_device(dev); > ret = snprintf(name, len, "%s_%u", init_name, ++i); > } > diff --git a/drivers/rtc/interface.c b/drivers/rtc/interface.c > index 72b7ddc43116..c93ef33b01d3 100644 > --- a/drivers/rtc/interface.c > +++ b/drivers/rtc/interface.c > @@ -663,21 +663,12 @@ void rtc_update_irq(struct rtc_device *rtc, > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rtc_update_irq); > > -static int __rtc_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - const char *name = data; > - > - if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name) == 0) > - return 1; > - return 0; > -} > - > struct rtc_device *rtc_class_open(const char *name) > { > struct device *dev; > struct rtc_device *rtc = NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(rtc_class, NULL, name, __rtc_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(rtc_class, name); > if (dev) > rtc = to_rtc_device(dev); > > diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > index c522e9313c50..d843e362c167 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c > @@ -608,13 +608,6 @@ void ccwgroup_driver_unregister(struct ccwgroup_driver *cdriver) > } > EXPORT_SYMBOL(ccwgroup_driver_unregister); > > -static int __ccwgroupdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) > -{ > - const char *bus_id = id; > - > - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); > -} > - > /** > * get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id > * @gdrv: driver the device is owned by > @@ -631,8 +624,7 @@ struct ccwgroup_device *get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid(struct ccwgroup_driver *gdrv, > { > struct device *dev; > > - dev = driver_find_device(&gdrv->driver, NULL, bus_id, > - __ccwgroupdev_check_busid); > + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&gdrv->driver, bus_id); > > return dev ? to_ccwgroupdev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > index c421899be20f..131430bd48d9 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c > @@ -1695,18 +1695,6 @@ int ccw_device_force_console(struct ccw_device *cdev) > EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ccw_device_force_console); > #endif > > -/* > - * get ccw_device matching the busid, but only if owned by cdrv > - */ > -static int > -__ccwdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) > -{ > - const char *bus_id = id; > - > - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); > -} > - > - > /** > * get_ccwdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id > * @cdrv: driver the device is owned by > @@ -1723,8 +1711,7 @@ struct ccw_device *get_ccwdev_by_busid(struct ccw_driver *cdrv, > { > struct device *dev; > > - dev = driver_find_device(&cdrv->driver, NULL, (void *)bus_id, > - __ccwdev_check_busid); > + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&cdrv->driver, bus_id); > > return dev ? to_ccwdev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > index 1058b4b5cc1e..38a5a47b8c9c 100644 > --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c > @@ -133,12 +133,6 @@ struct zcdn_device { > static int zcdn_create(const char *name); > static int zcdn_destroy(const char *name); > > -/* helper function, matches the name for find_zcdndev_by_name() */ > -static int __match_zcdn_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - return strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data) == 0; > -} > - > /* helper function, matches the devt value for find_zcdndev_by_devt() */ > static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) > { > @@ -152,10 +146,7 @@ static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) > */ > static inline struct zcdn_device *find_zcdndev_by_name(const char *name) > { > - struct device *dev = > - class_find_device(zcrypt_class, NULL, > - (void *) name, > - __match_zcdn_name); > + struct device *dev = class_find_device_by_name(zcrypt_class, name); > > return dev ? to_zcdn_dev(dev) : NULL; > } > diff --git a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > index 86defca6623e..c8efe60e2465 100644 > --- a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > +++ b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c > @@ -90,11 +90,6 @@ static int switch_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) > return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; > } > > -static int switch_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) > -{ > - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, > void *data) > { > @@ -107,8 +102,7 @@ static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, > dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->fwnode, > switch_fwnode_match); > } else { > - dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], > - switch_name_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(role_class, con->endpoint[ep]); > } > > return dev ? to_role_switch(dev) : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); > diff --git a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > index a18285a990a8..9b0d15b487e5 100644 > --- a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > +++ b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c > @@ -210,11 +210,6 @@ static int typec_port_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) > return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; > } > > -static int typec_port_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) > -{ > - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); > -} > - > static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) > { > struct device *dev; > @@ -227,8 +222,7 @@ static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) > return class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->fwnode, > typec_port_fwnode_match); > > - dev = class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], > - typec_port_name_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(typec_class, con->endpoint[ep]); > > return dev ? dev : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); > } > diff --git a/include/linux/device.h b/include/linux/device.h > index c330b75c6c57..3ba376b8b456 100644 > --- a/include/linux/device.h > +++ b/include/linux/device.h > @@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ void subsys_dev_iter_init(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter, > struct device *subsys_dev_iter_next(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); > void subsys_dev_iter_exit(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); > > +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name); > int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np); > > int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, > @@ -171,9 +172,20 @@ int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, > struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, > const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); > -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > - struct device *start, > - const char *name); > +/** > + * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @bus: bus type > + * @start: Device to begin with > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, > + struct device *start, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return bus_find_device(bus, start, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > struct device *subsys_find_device_by_id(struct bus_type *bus, unsigned int id, > struct device *hint); > int bus_for_each_drv(struct bus_type *bus, struct device_driver *start, > @@ -342,6 +354,18 @@ struct device *driver_find_device(struct device_driver *drv, > struct device *start, const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); > > +/** > + * driver_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @driver: the driver we're iterating > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *driver_find_device_by_name(struct device_driver *drv, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return driver_find_device(drv, NULL, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev); > int driver_deferred_probe_check_state(struct device *dev); > int driver_deferred_probe_check_state_continue(struct device *dev); > @@ -471,6 +495,18 @@ extern struct device *class_find_device(struct class *class, > struct device *start, const void *data, > int (*match)(struct device *, const void *)); > > +/** > + * class_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device > + * of a specific name. > + * @class: class type > + * @name: name of the device to match > + */ > +static inline struct device *class_find_device_by_name(struct class *class, > + const char *name) > +{ > + return class_find_device(class, NULL, name, device_match_name); > +} > + > struct class_attribute { > struct attribute attr; > ssize_t (*show)(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr, > diff --git a/net/ieee802154/core.c b/net/ieee802154/core.c > index 60b7ac56a1f5..de259b5170ab 100644 > --- a/net/ieee802154/core.c > +++ b/net/ieee802154/core.c > @@ -23,11 +23,6 @@ > LIST_HEAD(cfg802154_rdev_list); > int cfg802154_rdev_list_generation; > > -static int wpan_phy_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) > -{ > - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data); > -} > - > struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) > { > struct device *dev; > @@ -35,7 +30,7 @@ struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) > if (WARN_ON(!str)) > return NULL; > > - dev = class_find_device(&wpan_phy_class, NULL, str, wpan_phy_match); > + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&wpan_phy_class, str); > if (!dev) > return NULL; > > -- > 2.21.0 thanks,
diff --git a/drivers/base/bus.c b/drivers/base/bus.c index df3cac739813..a1d1e8256324 100644 --- a/drivers/base/bus.c +++ b/drivers/base/bus.c @@ -342,30 +342,6 @@ struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device); -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - const char *name = data; - - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); -} - -/** - * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device of a specific name - * @bus: bus type - * @start: Device to begin with - * @name: name of the device to match - * - * This is similar to the bus_find_device() function above, but it handles - * searching by a name automatically, no need to write another strcmp matching - * function. - */ -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, - struct device *start, const char *name) -{ - return bus_find_device(bus, start, (void *)name, match_name); -} -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bus_find_device_by_name); - /** * subsys_find_device_by_id - find a device with a specific enumeration number * @subsys: subsystem diff --git a/drivers/base/core.c b/drivers/base/core.c index da84a73f2ba6..fb83647d685a 100644 --- a/drivers/base/core.c +++ b/drivers/base/core.c @@ -3357,6 +3357,12 @@ void device_set_of_node_from_dev(struct device *dev, const struct device *dev2) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_set_of_node_from_dev); +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name) +{ + return sysfs_streq(dev_name(dev), name); +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_match_name); + int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np) { return dev->of_node == np; diff --git a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c index e55b902560de..2b6bd42632e8 100644 --- a/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c +++ b/drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c @@ -89,13 +89,6 @@ static struct class stm_class = { .dev_groups = stm_groups, }; -static int stm_dev_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - const char *name = data; - - return sysfs_streq(name, dev_name(dev)); -} - /** * stm_find_device() - find stm device by name * @buf: character buffer containing the name @@ -116,7 +109,7 @@ struct stm_device *stm_find_device(const char *buf) if (!stm_core_up) return NULL; - dev = class_find_device(&stm_class, NULL, buf, stm_dev_match); + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&stm_class, buf); if (!dev) return NULL; diff --git a/drivers/leds/led-class.c b/drivers/leds/led-class.c index 4793e77808e2..d54c8e4d8954 100644 --- a/drivers/leds/led-class.c +++ b/drivers/leds/led-class.c @@ -213,13 +213,6 @@ static int led_resume(struct device *dev) static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(leds_class_dev_pm_ops, led_suspend, led_resume); -static int match_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - if (!dev_name(dev)) - return 0; - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (char *)data); -} - static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, size_t len) { @@ -230,7 +223,7 @@ static int led_classdev_next_name(const char *init_name, char *name, strlcpy(name, init_name, len); while ((ret < len) && - (dev = class_find_device(leds_class, NULL, name, match_name))) { + (dev = class_find_device_by_name(leds_class, name))) { put_device(dev); ret = snprintf(name, len, "%s_%u", init_name, ++i); } diff --git a/drivers/rtc/interface.c b/drivers/rtc/interface.c index 72b7ddc43116..c93ef33b01d3 100644 --- a/drivers/rtc/interface.c +++ b/drivers/rtc/interface.c @@ -663,21 +663,12 @@ void rtc_update_irq(struct rtc_device *rtc, } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rtc_update_irq); -static int __rtc_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - const char *name = data; - - if (strcmp(dev_name(dev), name) == 0) - return 1; - return 0; -} - struct rtc_device *rtc_class_open(const char *name) { struct device *dev; struct rtc_device *rtc = NULL; - dev = class_find_device(rtc_class, NULL, name, __rtc_match); + dev = class_find_device_by_name(rtc_class, name); if (dev) rtc = to_rtc_device(dev); diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c index c522e9313c50..d843e362c167 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c @@ -608,13 +608,6 @@ void ccwgroup_driver_unregister(struct ccwgroup_driver *cdriver) } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ccwgroup_driver_unregister); -static int __ccwgroupdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) -{ - const char *bus_id = id; - - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); -} - /** * get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id * @gdrv: driver the device is owned by @@ -631,8 +624,7 @@ struct ccwgroup_device *get_ccwgroupdev_by_busid(struct ccwgroup_driver *gdrv, { struct device *dev; - dev = driver_find_device(&gdrv->driver, NULL, bus_id, - __ccwgroupdev_check_busid); + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&gdrv->driver, bus_id); return dev ? to_ccwgroupdev(dev) : NULL; } diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c index c421899be20f..131430bd48d9 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/cio/device.c +++ b/drivers/s390/cio/device.c @@ -1695,18 +1695,6 @@ int ccw_device_force_console(struct ccw_device *cdev) EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ccw_device_force_console); #endif -/* - * get ccw_device matching the busid, but only if owned by cdrv - */ -static int -__ccwdev_check_busid(struct device *dev, const void *id) -{ - const char *bus_id = id; - - return (strcmp(bus_id, dev_name(dev)) == 0); -} - - /** * get_ccwdev_by_busid() - obtain device from a bus id * @cdrv: driver the device is owned by @@ -1723,8 +1711,7 @@ struct ccw_device *get_ccwdev_by_busid(struct ccw_driver *cdrv, { struct device *dev; - dev = driver_find_device(&cdrv->driver, NULL, (void *)bus_id, - __ccwdev_check_busid); + dev = driver_find_device_by_name(&cdrv->driver, bus_id); return dev ? to_ccwdev(dev) : NULL; } diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c index 1058b4b5cc1e..38a5a47b8c9c 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c @@ -133,12 +133,6 @@ struct zcdn_device { static int zcdn_create(const char *name); static int zcdn_destroy(const char *name); -/* helper function, matches the name for find_zcdndev_by_name() */ -static int __match_zcdn_name(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - return strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data) == 0; -} - /* helper function, matches the devt value for find_zcdndev_by_devt() */ static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) { @@ -152,10 +146,7 @@ static int __match_zcdn_devt(struct device *dev, const void *data) */ static inline struct zcdn_device *find_zcdndev_by_name(const char *name) { - struct device *dev = - class_find_device(zcrypt_class, NULL, - (void *) name, - __match_zcdn_name); + struct device *dev = class_find_device_by_name(zcrypt_class, name); return dev ? to_zcdn_dev(dev) : NULL; } diff --git a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c index 86defca6623e..c8efe60e2465 100644 --- a/drivers/usb/roles/class.c +++ b/drivers/usb/roles/class.c @@ -90,11 +90,6 @@ static int switch_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; } -static int switch_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) -{ - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); -} - static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) { @@ -107,8 +102,7 @@ static void *usb_role_switch_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->fwnode, switch_fwnode_match); } else { - dev = class_find_device(role_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], - switch_name_match); + dev = class_find_device_by_name(role_class, con->endpoint[ep]); } return dev ? to_role_switch(dev) : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); diff --git a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c index a18285a990a8..9b0d15b487e5 100644 --- a/drivers/usb/typec/class.c +++ b/drivers/usb/typec/class.c @@ -210,11 +210,6 @@ static int typec_port_fwnode_match(struct device *dev, const void *fwnode) return dev_fwnode(dev) == fwnode; } -static int typec_port_name_match(struct device *dev, const void *name) -{ - return !strcmp((const char *)name, dev_name(dev)); -} - static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) { struct device *dev; @@ -227,8 +222,7 @@ static void *typec_port_match(struct device_connection *con, int ep, void *data) return class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->fwnode, typec_port_fwnode_match); - dev = class_find_device(typec_class, NULL, con->endpoint[ep], - typec_port_name_match); + dev = class_find_device_by_name(typec_class, con->endpoint[ep]); return dev ? dev : ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER); } diff --git a/include/linux/device.h b/include/linux/device.h index c330b75c6c57..3ba376b8b456 100644 --- a/include/linux/device.h +++ b/include/linux/device.h @@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ void subsys_dev_iter_init(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter, struct device *subsys_dev_iter_next(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); void subsys_dev_iter_exit(struct subsys_dev_iter *iter); +int device_match_name(struct device *dev, const void *name); int device_match_of_node(struct device *dev, const void *np); int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, @@ -171,9 +172,20 @@ int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, struct device *bus_find_device(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, const void *data, int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); -struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, - struct device *start, - const char *name); +/** + * bus_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device + * of a specific name. + * @bus: bus type + * @start: Device to begin with + * @name: name of the device to match + */ +static inline struct device *bus_find_device_by_name(struct bus_type *bus, + struct device *start, + const char *name) +{ + return bus_find_device(bus, start, name, device_match_name); +} + struct device *subsys_find_device_by_id(struct bus_type *bus, unsigned int id, struct device *hint); int bus_for_each_drv(struct bus_type *bus, struct device_driver *start, @@ -342,6 +354,18 @@ struct device *driver_find_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *start, const void *data, int (*match)(struct device *dev, const void *data)); +/** + * driver_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device + * of a specific name. + * @driver: the driver we're iterating + * @name: name of the device to match + */ +static inline struct device *driver_find_device_by_name(struct device_driver *drv, + const char *name) +{ + return driver_find_device(drv, NULL, name, device_match_name); +} + void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev); int driver_deferred_probe_check_state(struct device *dev); int driver_deferred_probe_check_state_continue(struct device *dev); @@ -471,6 +495,18 @@ extern struct device *class_find_device(struct class *class, struct device *start, const void *data, int (*match)(struct device *, const void *)); +/** + * class_find_device_by_name - device iterator for locating a particular device + * of a specific name. + * @class: class type + * @name: name of the device to match + */ +static inline struct device *class_find_device_by_name(struct class *class, + const char *name) +{ + return class_find_device(class, NULL, name, device_match_name); +} + struct class_attribute { struct attribute attr; ssize_t (*show)(struct class *class, struct class_attribute *attr, diff --git a/net/ieee802154/core.c b/net/ieee802154/core.c index 60b7ac56a1f5..de259b5170ab 100644 --- a/net/ieee802154/core.c +++ b/net/ieee802154/core.c @@ -23,11 +23,6 @@ LIST_HEAD(cfg802154_rdev_list); int cfg802154_rdev_list_generation; -static int wpan_phy_match(struct device *dev, const void *data) -{ - return !strcmp(dev_name(dev), (const char *)data); -} - struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) { struct device *dev; @@ -35,7 +30,7 @@ struct wpan_phy *wpan_phy_find(const char *str) if (WARN_ON(!str)) return NULL; - dev = class_find_device(&wpan_phy_class, NULL, str, wpan_phy_match); + dev = class_find_device_by_name(&wpan_phy_class, str); if (!dev) return NULL;
Add a helper to match the device name for device lookup. Also reuse this generic exported helper for the existing bus_find_device_by_name(). and add similar variants for driver/class. Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it> Cc: Alexander Aring <alex.aring@gmail.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Dan Murphy <dmurphy@ti.com> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Jacek Anaszewski <jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com> Cc: Lee Jones <lee.jones@linaro.org> Cc: linux-leds@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-rtc@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-wpan@vger.kernel.org Cc: Maxime Coquelin <mcoquelin.stm32@gmail.com> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Cc: Peter Oberparleiter <oberpar@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org> Cc: Stefan Schmidt <stefan@datenfreihafen.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com> --- drivers/base/bus.c | 24 ------------------ drivers/base/core.c | 6 +++++ drivers/hwtracing/stm/core.c | 9 +------ drivers/leds/led-class.c | 9 +------ drivers/rtc/interface.c | 11 +-------- drivers/s390/cio/ccwgroup.c | 10 +------- drivers/s390/cio/device.c | 15 +----------- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c | 11 +-------- drivers/usb/roles/class.c | 8 +----- drivers/usb/typec/class.c | 8 +----- include/linux/device.h | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- net/ieee802154/core.c | 7 +----- 12 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)