diff mbox series

[wireguard] wireguard: selftests: refactor the test structure

Message ID 20211116081359.975655-1-liuhangbin@gmail.com (mailing list archive)
State New
Headers show
Series [wireguard] wireguard: selftests: refactor the test structure | expand

Commit Message

Hangbin Liu Nov. 16, 2021, 8:13 a.m. UTC 
The current wireguard selftest mixed all tests together, which makes it
very hard to read. Refactor the test and split it roughly to basic, nat,
saddr and regression tests to make it more clear.

Move the common functions to a new file lib.sh and rename
the main test to wg_test.sh

Also, fix some config issues during re-organize. e.g.
  - update basic topo in lib.sh
  - Fix the IPv6 prefix to 112 in all topology
  - add 127.0.0.2 on lo for saddr test as ncat need an IP address to
    bind

Signed-off-by: Hangbin Liu <liuhangbin@gmail.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/lib.sh     | 149 +++++
 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/netns.sh   | 662 -------------------
 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/wg_test.sh | 621 +++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 770 insertions(+), 662 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/lib.sh
 delete mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/netns.sh
 create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/wg_test.sh

Comments

Jason A. Donenfeld Nov. 16, 2021, 2:35 p.m. UTC | #1 
Hi Hangbin,

I don't know how interested in this I am. Splitting things into two
files means more confusing maintenance, and categorizing sections
strictly into functions means there's more overhead when adding tests
(e.g. "where do they fit?"), because the categories you've chosen are
fairly broad, rather than being functions for each specific test. I'd
be more amenable to something _entirely_ granular, because that'd be
consistent, or what we have now, which is just linear. Full
granularity, though, has its own downsides, of increased clutter.
Alternatively, if you'd like to add some comments around the different
areas to better document what's happening, perhaps that'd accomplish
the same thing as this patch.

Jason
Hangbin Liu Nov. 25, 2021, 12:34 p.m. UTC | #2 
On Tue, Nov 16, 2021 at 03:35:40PM +0100, Jason A. Donenfeld wrote:
> Hi Hangbin,
> 
> I don't know how interested in this I am. Splitting things into two
> files means more confusing maintenance, and categorizing sections
> strictly into functions means there's more overhead when adding tests
> (e.g. "where do they fit?"), because the categories you've chosen are
> fairly broad, rather than being functions for each specific test. I'd
> be more amenable to something _entirely_ granular, because that'd be
> consistent, or what we have now, which is just linear. Full
> granularity, though, has its own downsides, of increased clutter.
> Alternatively, if you'd like to add some comments around the different
> areas to better document what's happening, perhaps that'd accomplish
> the same thing as this patch.
> 

Hi Jason,

May be my timezone is not very fit for yours. So I will copy my IRC replies
in the mail to moving on our kselftest topic.

The reason I did this patch is because I want to make the test more clear
and able to run each test case separately. My though is to make the
wireguard test looks like tools/testing/selftests/net/fib_tests.sh.(Of course
this could be discussed).

Because the linear structure makes reader hard to find out what test it does.
The function name in my current patch is also a little broad to look, which
could to be updated. After updating, I'd like to make the test has 2 parts,
functional tests and regression test. Functional tests for big part of function
tests and regression test for small specific issues.

BTW, one downside about current linear structure I think is that when someone
want to add a new test, he need to read through the whole test to know that
kind of topology at last. But with function structure, when we want to add a
new test. We can just do like:
1. set up basic topology
2. configure to specific topo for testing, or just skip the first step and
   configure to specific topo directly.
3. Do test
4. Clean up environment or reset to basic topology

I think this would make adding new test case easier. What do you think?

Thanks
Hangbin
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/lib.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2621a16c821b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ 
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+
+exec 3>&1
+export LANG=C
+export WG_HIDE_KEYS=never
+has_basic_topo=false
+netns0="wg-test-$$-0"
+netns1="wg-test-$$-1"
+netns2="wg-test-$$-2"
+pretty() { echo -e "\x1b[32m\x1b[1m[+] ${1:+NS$1: }${2}\x1b[0m" >&3; }
+pp() { pretty "" "$*"; "$@"; }
+maybe_exec() { if [[ $BASHPID -eq $$ ]]; then "$@"; else exec "$@"; fi; }
+n0() { pretty 0 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns0 "$@"; }
+n1() { pretty 1 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns1 "$@"; }
+n2() { pretty 2 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns2 "$@"; }
+ip0() { pretty 0 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns0 "$@"; }
+ip1() { pretty 1 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns1 "$@"; }
+ip2() { pretty 2 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns2 "$@"; }
+sleep() { read -t "$1" -N 1 || true; }
+waitiperf() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for iperf:${3:-5201} pid $2"; while [[ $(ss -N "$1" -tlpH "sport = ${3:-5201}") != *\"iperf3\",pid=$2,fd=* ]]; do sleep 0.1; done; }
+waitncatudp() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for udp:1111 pid $2"; while [[ $(ss -N "$1" -ulpH 'sport = 1111') != *\"ncat\",pid=$2,fd=* ]]; do sleep 0.1; done; }
+waitiface() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for $2 to come up"; ip netns exec "$1" bash -c "while [[ \$(< \"/sys/class/net/$2/operstate\") != up ]]; do read -t .1 -N 0 || true; done;"; }
+orig_message_cost="$(< /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost)"
+
+cleanup() {
+	set +e
+	exec 2>/dev/null
+	printf "$orig_message_cost" > /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost
+	ip0 link del dev wg0
+	ip0 link del dev wg1
+	ip1 link del dev wg0
+	ip1 link del dev wg1
+	ip2 link del dev wg0
+	ip2 link del dev wg1
+	local to_kill="$(ip netns pids $netns0) $(ip netns pids $netns1) $(ip netns pids $netns2)"
+	[[ -n $to_kill ]] && kill $to_kill
+	pp ip netns del $netns1
+	pp ip netns del $netns2
+	pp ip netns del $netns0
+	exit
+}
+
+# The follow functions setup the below topology:
+#
+# ┌────────────────────┐   ┌────────────────────┐   ┌────────────────────┐
+# │   $ns1 namespace   │   │   $ns0 namespace   │   │   $ns2 namespace   │
+# │                    │   │                    │   │                    │
+# │     ┌────────┐     │   │     ┌────────┐     │   │     ┌────────┐     │
+# │     │  wg0   │     │   │     │   lo   │     │   │     │  wg0   │     │
+# │┌────┴────────┴────┐│   │     └────────┘     │   │┌────┴────────┴────┐│
+# ││192.168.241.1/24  ││   │                    │   ││192.168.241.2/24  ││
+# ││fd00::1/112       ││   │                    │   ││fd00::2/112       ││
+# │└──────────────────┘│   │                    │   │└──────────────────┘│
+# └────────────────────┘   └────────────────────┘   └────────────────────┘
+
+configure_peers() {
+	ip1 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg0
+	ip1 addr add fd00::1/112 dev wg0
+
+	ip2 addr add 192.168.241.2/24 dev wg0
+	ip2 addr add fd00::2/112 dev wg0
+
+	n1 wg set wg0 \
+		private-key <(echo "$key1") \
+		listen-port 1 \
+		peer "$pub2" \
+			preshared-key <(echo "$psk") \
+			allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32,fd00::2/128
+	n2 wg set wg0 \
+		private-key <(echo "$key2") \
+		listen-port 2 \
+		peer "$pub1" \
+			preshared-key <(echo "$psk") \
+			allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32,fd00::1/128
+
+	ip1 link set up dev wg0
+	ip2 link set up dev wg0
+}
+
+setup_basic_topo()
+{
+	printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost
+
+	ip netns del $netns0 2>/dev/null || true
+	ip netns del $netns1 2>/dev/null || true
+	ip netns del $netns2 2>/dev/null || true
+	pp ip netns add $netns0
+	pp ip netns add $netns1
+	pp ip netns add $netns2
+	ip0 link set up dev lo
+
+	ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	key1="$(pp wg genkey)"
+	key2="$(pp wg genkey)"
+	key3="$(pp wg genkey)"
+	key4="$(pp wg genkey)"
+	pub1="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key1")"
+	pub2="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key2")"
+	pub3="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key3")"
+	pub4="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key4")"
+	psk="$(pp wg genpsk)"
+	[[ -n $key1 && -n $key2 && -n $psk ]]
+}
+
+do_tests() {
+	# Ping over IPv4
+	n2 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.1
+	n1 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.2
+
+	# Ping over IPv6
+	n2 ping6 -c 10 -f -W 1 fd00::1
+	n1 ping6 -c 10 -f -W 1 fd00::2
+
+	# TCP over IPv4
+	n2 iperf3 -s -1 -B 192.168.241.2 &
+	waitiperf $netns2 $!
+	n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -c 192.168.241.2
+
+	# TCP over IPv6
+	n1 iperf3 -s -1 -B fd00::1 &
+	waitiperf $netns1 $!
+	n2 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -c fd00::1
+
+	# UDP over IPv4
+	n1 iperf3 -s -1 -B 192.168.241.1 &
+	waitiperf $netns1 $!
+	n2 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -b 0 -u -c 192.168.241.1
+
+	# UDP over IPv6
+	n2 iperf3 -s -1 -B fd00::2 &
+	waitiperf $netns2 $!
+	n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -b 0 -u -c fd00::2
+
+	# TCP over IPv4, in parallel
+	for max in 4 5 50; do
+		local pids=( )
+		for ((i=0; i < max; ++i)) do
+			n2 iperf3 -p $(( 5200 + i )) -s -1 -B 192.168.241.2 &
+			pids+=( $! ); waitiperf $netns2 $! $(( 5200 + i ))
+		done
+		for ((i=0; i < max; ++i)) do
+			n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -p $(( 5200 + i )) -c 192.168.241.2 &
+		done
+		wait "${pids[@]}"
+	done
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/netns.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/netns.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 8a9461aa0878..000000000000
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/netns.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,662 +0,0 @@ 
-#!/bin/bash
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2015-2019 Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>. All Rights Reserved.
-#
-# This script tests the below topology:
-#
-# ┌─────────────────────┐   ┌──────────────────────────────────┐   ┌─────────────────────┐
-# │   $ns1 namespace    │   │          $ns0 namespace          │   │   $ns2 namespace    │
-# │                     │   │                                  │   │                     │
-# │┌────────┐           │   │            ┌────────┐            │   │           ┌────────┐│
-# ││  wg0   │───────────┼───┼────────────│   lo   │────────────┼───┼───────────│  wg0   ││
-# │├────────┴──────────┐│   │    ┌───────┴────────┴────────┐   │   │┌──────────┴────────┤│
-# ││192.168.241.1/24   ││   │    │(ns1)         (ns2)      │   │   ││192.168.241.2/24   ││
-# ││fd00::1/24         ││   │    │127.0.0.1:1   127.0.0.1:2│   │   ││fd00::2/24         ││
-# │└───────────────────┘│   │    │[::]:1        [::]:2     │   │   │└───────────────────┘│
-# └─────────────────────┘   │    └─────────────────────────┘   │   └─────────────────────┘
-#                           └──────────────────────────────────┘
-#
-# After the topology is prepared we run a series of TCP/UDP iperf3 tests between the
-# wireguard peers in $ns1 and $ns2. Note that $ns0 is the endpoint for the wg0
-# interfaces in $ns1 and $ns2. See https://www.wireguard.com/netns/ for further
-# details on how this is accomplished.
-set -e
-
-exec 3>&1
-export LANG=C
-export WG_HIDE_KEYS=never
-netns0="wg-test-$$-0"
-netns1="wg-test-$$-1"
-netns2="wg-test-$$-2"
-pretty() { echo -e "\x1b[32m\x1b[1m[+] ${1:+NS$1: }${2}\x1b[0m" >&3; }
-pp() { pretty "" "$*"; "$@"; }
-maybe_exec() { if [[ $BASHPID -eq $$ ]]; then "$@"; else exec "$@"; fi; }
-n0() { pretty 0 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns0 "$@"; }
-n1() { pretty 1 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns1 "$@"; }
-n2() { pretty 2 "$*"; maybe_exec ip netns exec $netns2 "$@"; }
-ip0() { pretty 0 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns0 "$@"; }
-ip1() { pretty 1 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns1 "$@"; }
-ip2() { pretty 2 "ip $*"; ip -n $netns2 "$@"; }
-sleep() { read -t "$1" -N 1 || true; }
-waitiperf() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for iperf:${3:-5201} pid $2"; while [[ $(ss -N "$1" -tlpH "sport = ${3:-5201}") != *\"iperf3\",pid=$2,fd=* ]]; do sleep 0.1; done; }
-waitncatudp() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for udp:1111 pid $2"; while [[ $(ss -N "$1" -ulpH 'sport = 1111') != *\"ncat\",pid=$2,fd=* ]]; do sleep 0.1; done; }
-waitiface() { pretty "${1//*-}" "wait for $2 to come up"; ip netns exec "$1" bash -c "while [[ \$(< \"/sys/class/net/$2/operstate\") != up ]]; do read -t .1 -N 0 || true; done;"; }
-
-cleanup() {
-	set +e
-	exec 2>/dev/null
-	printf "$orig_message_cost" > /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost
-	ip0 link del dev wg0
-	ip0 link del dev wg1
-	ip1 link del dev wg0
-	ip1 link del dev wg1
-	ip2 link del dev wg0
-	ip2 link del dev wg1
-	local to_kill="$(ip netns pids $netns0) $(ip netns pids $netns1) $(ip netns pids $netns2)"
-	[[ -n $to_kill ]] && kill $to_kill
-	pp ip netns del $netns1
-	pp ip netns del $netns2
-	pp ip netns del $netns0
-	exit
-}
-
-orig_message_cost="$(< /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost)"
-trap cleanup EXIT
-printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/core/message_cost
-
-ip netns del $netns0 2>/dev/null || true
-ip netns del $netns1 2>/dev/null || true
-ip netns del $netns2 2>/dev/null || true
-pp ip netns add $netns0
-pp ip netns add $netns1
-pp ip netns add $netns2
-ip0 link set up dev lo
-
-ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-ip0 link set wg0 netns $netns1
-ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-ip0 link set wg0 netns $netns2
-key1="$(pp wg genkey)"
-key2="$(pp wg genkey)"
-key3="$(pp wg genkey)"
-key4="$(pp wg genkey)"
-pub1="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key1")"
-pub2="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key2")"
-pub3="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key3")"
-pub4="$(pp wg pubkey <<<"$key4")"
-psk="$(pp wg genpsk)"
-[[ -n $key1 && -n $key2 && -n $psk ]]
-
-configure_peers() {
-	ip1 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg0
-	ip1 addr add fd00::1/112 dev wg0
-
-	ip2 addr add 192.168.241.2/24 dev wg0
-	ip2 addr add fd00::2/112 dev wg0
-
-	n1 wg set wg0 \
-		private-key <(echo "$key1") \
-		listen-port 1 \
-		peer "$pub2" \
-			preshared-key <(echo "$psk") \
-			allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32,fd00::2/128
-	n2 wg set wg0 \
-		private-key <(echo "$key2") \
-		listen-port 2 \
-		peer "$pub1" \
-			preshared-key <(echo "$psk") \
-			allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32,fd00::1/128
-
-	ip1 link set up dev wg0
-	ip2 link set up dev wg0
-}
-configure_peers
-
-tests() {
-	# Ping over IPv4
-	n2 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.1
-	n1 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.2
-
-	# Ping over IPv6
-	n2 ping6 -c 10 -f -W 1 fd00::1
-	n1 ping6 -c 10 -f -W 1 fd00::2
-
-	# TCP over IPv4
-	n2 iperf3 -s -1 -B 192.168.241.2 &
-	waitiperf $netns2 $!
-	n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -c 192.168.241.2
-
-	# TCP over IPv6
-	n1 iperf3 -s -1 -B fd00::1 &
-	waitiperf $netns1 $!
-	n2 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -c fd00::1
-
-	# UDP over IPv4
-	n1 iperf3 -s -1 -B 192.168.241.1 &
-	waitiperf $netns1 $!
-	n2 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -b 0 -u -c 192.168.241.1
-
-	# UDP over IPv6
-	n2 iperf3 -s -1 -B fd00::2 &
-	waitiperf $netns2 $!
-	n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -b 0 -u -c fd00::2
-
-	# TCP over IPv4, in parallel
-	for max in 4 5 50; do
-		local pids=( )
-		for ((i=0; i < max; ++i)) do
-			n2 iperf3 -p $(( 5200 + i )) -s -1 -B 192.168.241.2 &
-			pids+=( $! ); waitiperf $netns2 $! $(( 5200 + i ))
-		done
-		for ((i=0; i < max; ++i)) do
-			n1 iperf3 -Z -t 3 -p $(( 5200 + i )) -c 192.168.241.2 &
-		done
-		wait "${pids[@]}"
-	done
-}
-
-[[ $(ip1 link show dev wg0) =~ mtu\ ([0-9]+) ]] && orig_mtu="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
-big_mtu=$(( 34816 - 1500 + $orig_mtu ))
-
-# Test using IPv4 as outer transport
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 127.0.0.1:1
-# Before calling tests, we first make sure that the stats counters and timestamper are working
-n2 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.1
-{ read _; read _; read _; read rx_bytes _; read _; read tx_bytes _; } < <(ip2 -stats link show dev wg0)
-(( rx_bytes == 1372 && (tx_bytes == 1428 || tx_bytes == 1460) ))
-{ read _; read _; read _; read rx_bytes _; read _; read tx_bytes _; } < <(ip1 -stats link show dev wg0)
-(( tx_bytes == 1372 && (rx_bytes == 1428 || rx_bytes == 1460) ))
-read _ rx_bytes tx_bytes < <(n2 wg show wg0 transfer)
-(( rx_bytes == 1372 && (tx_bytes == 1428 || tx_bytes == 1460) ))
-read _ rx_bytes tx_bytes < <(n1 wg show wg0 transfer)
-(( tx_bytes == 1372 && (rx_bytes == 1428 || rx_bytes == 1460) ))
-read _ timestamp < <(n1 wg show wg0 latest-handshakes)
-(( timestamp != 0 ))
-
-tests
-ip1 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
-ip2 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
-tests
-
-ip1 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
-ip2 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
-
-# Test using IPv6 as outer transport
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [::1]:2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [::1]:1
-tests
-ip1 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
-ip2 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
-tests
-
-# Test that route MTUs work with the padding
-ip1 link set wg0 mtu 1300
-ip2 link set wg0 mtu 1300
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 127.0.0.1:1
-n0 iptables -A INPUT -m length --length 1360 -j DROP
-n1 ip route add 192.168.241.2/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
-n2 ip route add 192.168.241.1/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
-n2 ping -c 1 -W 1 -s 1269 192.168.241.1
-n2 ip route delete 192.168.241.1/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
-n1 ip route delete 192.168.241.2/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
-n0 iptables -F INPUT
-
-ip1 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
-ip2 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
-
-# Test using IPv4 that roaming works
-ip0 -4 addr del 127.0.0.1/8 dev lo
-ip0 -4 addr add 127.212.121.99/8 dev lo
-n1 wg set wg0 listen-port 9999
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
-n1 ping6 -W 1 -c 1 fd00::2
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	127.212.121.99:9999" ]]
-
-# Test using IPv6 that roaming works
-n1 wg set wg0 listen-port 9998
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [::1]:2
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[::1]:9998" ]]
-
-# Test that crypto-RP filter works
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 192.168.241.0/24
-exec 4< <(n1 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
-ncat_pid=$!
-waitncatudp $netns1 $ncat_pid
-n2 ncat -u 192.168.241.1 1111 <<<"X"
-read -r -N 1 -t 1 out <&4 && [[ $out == "X" ]]
-kill $ncat_pid
-more_specific_key="$(pp wg genkey | pp wg pubkey)"
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$more_specific_key" allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32
-n2 wg set wg0 listen-port 9997
-exec 4< <(n1 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
-ncat_pid=$!
-waitncatudp $netns1 $ncat_pid
-n2 ncat -u 192.168.241.1 1111 <<<"X"
-! read -r -N 1 -t 1 out <&4 || false
-kill $ncat_pid
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$more_specific_key" remove
-[[ $(n1 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub2	[::1]:9997" ]]
-
-# Test that we can change private keys keys and immediately handshake
-n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32 endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
-n2 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2") listen-port 2 peer "$pub1" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key3")
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32 peer "$pub1" remove
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" remove
-
-# Test that we can route wg through wg
-ip1 addr flush dev wg0
-ip2 addr flush dev wg0
-ip1 addr add fd00::5:1/112 dev wg0
-ip2 addr add fd00::5:2/112 dev wg0
-n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips fd00::5:2/128 endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
-n2 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2") listen-port 2 peer "$pub1" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips fd00::5:1/128 endpoint 127.212.121.99:9998
-ip1 link add wg1 type wireguard
-ip2 link add wg1 type wireguard
-ip1 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg1
-ip1 addr add fd00::1/112 dev wg1
-ip2 addr add 192.168.241.2/24 dev wg1
-ip2 addr add fd00::2/112 dev wg1
-ip1 link set mtu 1340 up dev wg1
-ip2 link set mtu 1340 up dev wg1
-n1 wg set wg1 listen-port 5 private-key <(echo "$key3") peer "$pub4" allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32,fd00::2/128 endpoint [fd00::5:2]:5
-n2 wg set wg1 listen-port 5 private-key <(echo "$key4") peer "$pub3" allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32,fd00::1/128 endpoint [fd00::5:1]:5
-tests
-# Try to set up a routing loop between the two namespaces
-ip1 link set netns $netns0 dev wg1
-ip0 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg1
-ip0 link set up dev wg1
-n0 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 192.168.241.2:7
-ip2 link del wg0
-ip2 link del wg1
-read _ _ tx_bytes_before < <(n0 wg show wg1 transfer)
-! n0 ping -W 1 -c 10 -f 192.168.241.2 || false
-sleep 1
-read _ _ tx_bytes_after < <(n0 wg show wg1 transfer)
-(( tx_bytes_after - tx_bytes_before < 70000 ))
-
-ip0 link del wg1
-ip1 link del wg0
-
-# Test using NAT. We now change the topology to this:
-# ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐     ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
-# │             $ns1 namespace             │    │                 $ns0 namespace                 │     │             $ns2 namespace             │
-# │                                        │    │                                                │     │                                        │
-# │  ┌─────┐             ┌─────┐           │    │    ┌──────┐              ┌──────┐              │     │  ┌─────┐            ┌─────┐            │
-# │  │ wg0 │─────────────│vethc│───────────┼────┼────│vethrc│              │vethrs│──────────────┼─────┼──│veths│────────────│ wg0 │            │
-# │  ├─────┴──────────┐  ├─────┴──────────┐│    │    ├──────┴─────────┐    ├──────┴────────────┐ │     │  ├─────┴──────────┐ ├─────┴──────────┐ │
-# │  │192.168.241.1/24│  │192.168.1.100/24││    │    │192.168.1.1/24  │    │10.0.0.1/24        │ │     │  │10.0.0.100/24   │ │192.168.241.2/24│ │
-# │  │fd00::1/24      │  │                ││    │    │                │    │SNAT:192.168.1.0/24│ │     │  │                │ │fd00::2/24      │ │
-# │  └────────────────┘  └────────────────┘│    │    └────────────────┘    └───────────────────┘ │     │  └────────────────┘ └────────────────┘ │
-# └────────────────────────────────────────┘    └────────────────────────────────────────────────┘     └────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
-ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-configure_peers
-
-ip0 link add vethrc type veth peer name vethc
-ip0 link add vethrs type veth peer name veths
-ip0 link set vethc netns $netns1
-ip0 link set veths netns $netns2
-ip0 link set vethrc up
-ip0 link set vethrs up
-ip0 addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev vethrc
-ip0 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev vethrs
-ip1 addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev vethc
-ip1 link set vethc up
-ip1 route add default via 192.168.1.1
-ip2 addr add 10.0.0.100/24 dev veths
-ip2 link set veths up
-waitiface $netns0 vethrc
-waitiface $netns0 vethrs
-waitiface $netns1 vethc
-waitiface $netns2 veths
-
-n0 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'
-n0 bash -c 'printf 2 > /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_udp_timeout'
-n0 bash -c 'printf 2 > /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_udp_timeout_stream'
-n0 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 10.0.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to 10.0.0.1
-
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.100:2 persistent-keepalive 1
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
-# Demonstrate n2 can still send packets to n1, since persistent-keepalive will prevent connection tracking entry from expiring (to see entries: `n0 conntrack -L`).
-pp sleep 3
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" persistent-keepalive 0
-
-# Test that sk_bound_dev_if works
-n1 ping -I wg0 -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2
-# What about when the mark changes and the packet must be rerouted?
-n1 iptables -t mangle -I OUTPUT -j MARK --set-xmark 1
-n1 ping -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2 # First the boring case
-n1 ping -I wg0 -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2 # Then the sk_bound_dev_if case
-n1 iptables -t mangle -D OUTPUT -j MARK --set-xmark 1
-
-# Test that onion routing works, even when it loops
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" allowed-ips 192.168.242.2/32 endpoint 192.168.241.2:5
-ip1 addr add 192.168.242.1/24 dev wg0
-ip2 link add wg1 type wireguard
-ip2 addr add 192.168.242.2/24 dev wg1
-n2 wg set wg1 private-key <(echo "$key3") listen-port 5 peer "$pub1" allowed-ips 192.168.242.1/32
-ip2 link set wg1 up
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.242.2
-ip2 link del wg1
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" endpoint 192.168.242.2:5
-! n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.242.2 || false # Should not crash kernel
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" remove
-ip1 addr del 192.168.242.1/24 dev wg0
-
-# Do a wg-quick(8)-style policy routing for the default route, making sure vethc has a v6 address to tease out bugs.
-ip1 -6 addr add fc00::9/96 dev vethc
-ip1 -6 route add default via fc00::1
-ip2 -4 addr add 192.168.99.7/32 dev wg0
-ip2 -6 addr add abab::1111/128 dev wg0
-n1 wg set wg0 fwmark 51820 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 192.168.99.7,abab::1111
-ip1 -6 route add default dev wg0 table 51820
-ip1 -6 rule add not fwmark 51820 table 51820
-ip1 -6 rule add table main suppress_prefixlength 0
-ip1 -4 route add default dev wg0 table 51820
-ip1 -4 rule add not fwmark 51820 table 51820
-ip1 -4 rule add table main suppress_prefixlength 0
-n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/vethc/rp_filter'
-# Flood the pings instead of sending just one, to trigger routing table reference counting bugs.
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 100 -f 192.168.99.7
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 100 -f abab::1111
-
-# Have ns2 NAT into wg0 packets from ns0, but return an icmp error along the right route.
-n2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -d 192.168.241.0/24 -j SNAT --to 192.168.241.2
-n0 iptables -t filter -A INPUT \! -s 10.0.0.0/24 -i vethrs -j DROP # Manual rpfilter just to be explicit.
-n2 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'
-ip0 -4 route add 192.168.241.1 via 10.0.0.100
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" remove
-[[ $(! n0 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1 || false) == *"From 10.0.0.100 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable"* ]]
-
-n0 iptables -t nat -F
-n0 iptables -t filter -F
-n2 iptables -t nat -F
-ip0 link del vethrc
-ip0 link del vethrs
-ip1 link del wg0
-ip2 link del wg0
-
-# Test that saddr routing is sticky but not too sticky, changing to this topology:
-# ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐    ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
-# │             $ns1 namespace             │    │             $ns2 namespace             │
-# │                                        │    │                                        │
-# │  ┌─────┐             ┌─────┐           │    │  ┌─────┐            ┌─────┐            │
-# │  │ wg0 │─────────────│veth1│───────────┼────┼──│veth2│────────────│ wg0 │            │
-# │  ├─────┴──────────┐  ├─────┴──────────┐│    │  ├─────┴──────────┐ ├─────┴──────────┐ │
-# │  │192.168.241.1/24│  │10.0.0.1/24     ││    │  │10.0.0.2/24     │ │192.168.241.2/24│ │
-# │  │fd00::1/24      │  │fd00:aa::1/96   ││    │  │fd00:aa::2/96   │ │fd00::2/24      │ │
-# │  └────────────────┘  └────────────────┘│    │  └────────────────┘ └────────────────┘ │
-# └────────────────────────────────────────┘    └────────────────────────────────────────┘
-
-ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-configure_peers
-ip1 link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2
-ip1 link set veth2 netns $netns2
-n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_dad'
-n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_dad'
-n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/veth1/accept_dad'
-n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/veth2/accept_dad'
-n1 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth1/promote_secondaries'
-
-# First we check that we aren't overly sticky and can fall over to new IPs when old ones are removed
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
-ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
-ip2 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth2
-ip2 addr add fd00:aa::2/96 dev veth2
-ip1 link set veth1 up
-ip2 link set veth2 up
-waitiface $netns1 veth1
-waitiface $netns2 veth2
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.2:2
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.10/24 dev veth1
-ip1 addr del 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:2
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-ip1 addr add fd00:aa::10/96 dev veth1
-ip1 addr del fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-
-# Now we show that we can successfully do reply to sender routing
-ip1 link set veth1 down
-ip2 link set veth2 down
-ip1 addr flush dev veth1
-ip2 addr flush dev veth2
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth1
-ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
-ip1 addr add fd00:aa::2/96 dev veth1
-ip2 addr add 10.0.0.3/24 dev veth2
-ip2 addr add fd00:aa::3/96 dev veth2
-ip1 link set veth1 up
-ip2 link set veth2 up
-waitiface $netns1 veth1
-waitiface $netns2 veth2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.0.0.1:1
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::1]:1
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[fd00:aa::1]:1" ]]
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.0.0.2:1
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.2:1" ]]
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:1
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[fd00:aa::2]:1" ]]
-
-# What happens if the inbound destination address belongs to a different interface as the default route?
-ip1 link add dummy0 type dummy
-ip1 addr add 10.50.0.1/24 dev dummy0
-ip1 link set dummy0 up
-ip2 route add 10.50.0.0/24 dev veth2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.50.0.1:1
-n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.50.0.1:1" ]]
-
-ip1 link del dummy0
-ip1 addr flush dev veth1
-ip2 addr flush dev veth2
-ip1 route flush dev veth1
-ip2 route flush dev veth2
-
-# Now we see what happens if another interface route takes precedence over an ongoing one
-ip1 link add veth3 type veth peer name veth4
-ip1 link set veth4 netns $netns2
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
-ip2 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth2
-ip1 addr add 10.0.0.3/24 dev veth3
-ip1 link set veth1 up
-ip2 link set veth2 up
-ip1 link set veth3 up
-ip2 link set veth4 up
-waitiface $netns1 veth1
-waitiface $netns2 veth2
-waitiface $netns1 veth3
-waitiface $netns2 veth4
-ip1 route flush dev veth1
-ip1 route flush dev veth3
-ip1 route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev veth1 src 10.0.0.1 metric 2
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.2:2
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
-ip1 route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev veth3 src 10.0.0.3 metric 1
-n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth1/rp_filter'
-n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth4/rp_filter'
-n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter'
-n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter'
-n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
-[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.3:1" ]]
-
-ip1 link del veth1
-ip1 link del veth3
-ip1 link del wg0
-ip2 link del wg0
-
-# We test that Netlink/IPC is working properly by doing things that usually cause split responses
-ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-config=( "[Interface]" "PrivateKey=$(wg genkey)" "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
-for a in {1..255}; do
-	for b in {0..255}; do
-		config+=( "AllowedIPs=$a.$b.0.0/16,$a::$b/128" )
-	done
-done
-n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
-i=0
-for ip in $(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips); do
-	((++i))
-done
-((i == 255*256*2+1))
-ip0 link del wg0
-ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-config=( "[Interface]" "PrivateKey=$(wg genkey)" )
-for a in {1..40}; do
-	config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
-	for b in {1..52}; do
-		config+=( "AllowedIPs=$a.$b.0.0/16" )
-	done
-done
-n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
-i=0
-while read -r line; do
-	j=0
-	for ip in $line; do
-		((++j))
-	done
-	((j == 53))
-	((++i))
-done < <(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips)
-((i == 40))
-ip0 link del wg0
-ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
-config=( )
-for i in {1..29}; do
-	config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
-done
-config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" "AllowedIPs=255.2.3.4/32,abcd::255/128" )
-n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
-n0 wg showconf wg0 > /dev/null
-ip0 link del wg0
-
-allowedips=( )
-for i in {1..197}; do
-        allowedips+=( abcd::$i )
-done
-saved_ifs="$IFS"
-IFS=,
-allowedips="${allowedips[*]}"
-IFS="$saved_ifs"
-ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1"
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips "$allowedips"
-{
-	read -r pub allowedips
-	[[ $pub == "$pub1" && $allowedips == "(none)" ]]
-	read -r pub allowedips
-	[[ $pub == "$pub2" ]]
-	i=0
-	for _ in $allowedips; do
-		((++i))
-	done
-	((i == 197))
-} < <(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips)
-ip0 link del wg0
-
-! n0 wg show doesnotexist || false
-
-ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
-n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk")
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "$key1" ]]
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 preshared-keys) == "$pub2	$psk" ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 private-key /dev/null peer "$pub2" preshared-key /dev/null
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "(none)" ]]
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 preshared-keys) == "$pub2	(none)" ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
-n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2")
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 public-key) == "$pub2" ]]
-[[ -z $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
-[[ -z $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1")
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) == "$pub2" ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "/${key1:1}")
-[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "+${key1:1}" ]]
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 0.0.0.0/0,10.0.0.0/8,100.0.0.0/10,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 0.0.0.0/0
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips ::/0,1700::/111,5000::/4,e000::/37,9000::/75
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips ::/0
-n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" remove
-for low_order_point in AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA= AQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA= 4Ot6fDtBuK4WVuP68Z/EatoJjeucMrH9hmIFFl9JuAA= X5yVvKNQjCSx0LFVnIPvWwREXMRYHI6G2CJO3dCfEVc= 7P///////////////////////////////////////38= 7f///////////////////////////////////////38= 7v///////////////////////////////////////38=; do
-	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$low_order_point" persistent-keepalive 1 endpoint 127.0.0.1:1111
-done
-[[ -n $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
-exec 4< <(n0 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
-ncat_pid=$!
-waitncatudp $netns0 $ncat_pid
-ip0 link set wg0 up
-! read -r -n 1 -t 2 <&4 || false
-kill $ncat_pid
-ip0 link del wg0
-
-# Ensure that dst_cache references don't outlive netns lifetime
-ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
-configure_peers
-ip1 link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2
-ip1 link set veth2 netns $netns2
-ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/64 dev veth1
-ip2 addr add fd00:aa::2/64 dev veth2
-ip1 link set veth1 up
-ip2 link set veth2 up
-waitiface $netns1 veth1
-waitiface $netns2 veth2
-ip1 -6 route add default dev veth1 via fd00:aa::2
-ip2 -6 route add default dev veth2 via fd00:aa::1
-n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:2
-n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::1]:1
-n1 ping6 -c 1 fd00::2
-pp ip netns delete $netns1
-pp ip netns delete $netns2
-pp ip netns add $netns1
-pp ip netns add $netns2
-
-# Ensure there aren't circular reference loops
-ip1 link add wg1 type wireguard
-ip2 link add wg2 type wireguard
-ip1 link set wg1 netns $netns2
-ip2 link set wg2 netns $netns1
-pp ip netns delete $netns1
-pp ip netns delete $netns2
-pp ip netns add $netns1
-pp ip netns add $netns2
-
-sleep 2 # Wait for cleanup and grace periods
-declare -A objects
-while read -t 0.1 -r line 2>/dev/null || [[ $? -ne 142 ]]; do
-	[[ $line =~ .*(wg[0-9]+:\ [A-Z][a-z]+\ ?[0-9]*)\ .*(created|destroyed).* ]] || continue
-	objects["${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"]+="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
-done < /dev/kmsg
-alldeleted=1
-for object in "${!objects[@]}"; do
-	if [[ ${objects["$object"]} != *createddestroyed && ${objects["$object"]} != *createdcreateddestroyeddestroyed ]]; then
-		echo "Error: $object: merely ${objects["$object"]}" >&3
-		alldeleted=0
-	fi
-done
-[[ $alldeleted -eq 1 ]]
-pretty "" "Objects that were created were also destroyed."
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/wg_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/wg_test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..faea481f19f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/wireguard/wg_test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@ 
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015-2019 Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+set -e
+
+source lib.sh
+
+TESTS="basic nat saddr regression"
+
+################################################################################
+# basic test
+# This script tests the below topology:
+#
+# ┌─────────────────────┐   ┌──────────────────────────────────┐   ┌─────────────────────┐
+# │   $ns1 namespace    │   │          $ns0 namespace          │   │   $ns2 namespace    │
+# │                     │   │                                  │   │                     │
+# │┌────────┐           │   │            ┌────────┐            │   │           ┌────────┐│
+# ││  wg0   │───────────┼───┼────────────│   lo   │────────────┼───┼───────────│  wg0   ││
+# │├────────┴──────────┐│   │    ┌───────┴────────┴────────┐   │   │┌──────────┴────────┤│
+# ││192.168.241.1/24   ││   │    │(ns1)         (ns2)      │   │   ││192.168.241.2/24   ││
+# ││fd00::1/112        ││   │    │127.0.0.1:1   127.0.0.1:2│   │   ││fd00::2/112        ││
+# │└───────────────────┘│   │    │[::]:1        [::]:2     │   │   │└───────────────────┘│
+# └─────────────────────┘   │    └─────────────────────────┘   │   └─────────────────────┘
+#                           └──────────────────────────────────┘
+#
+# After the topology is prepared we run a series of TCP/UDP iperf3 tests between the
+# wireguard peers in $ns1 and $ns2. Note that $ns0 is the endpoint for the wg0
+# interfaces in $ns1 and $ns2. See https://www.wireguard.com/netns/ for further
+# details on how this is accomplished.
+
+basic_test()
+{
+	$has_basic_topo || { setup_basic_topo && has_basic_topo=true; }
+
+	# add wg0 form ns0 to use lo end points
+	ip1 link del wg0
+	ip2 link del wg0
+	ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip0 link set wg0 netns $netns1
+	ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip0 link set wg0 netns $netns2
+
+	configure_peers
+
+	[[ $(ip1 link show dev wg0) =~ mtu\ ([0-9]+) ]] && orig_mtu="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+	big_mtu=$(( 34816 - 1500 + $orig_mtu ))
+
+	# Test using IPv4 as outer transport
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 127.0.0.1:1
+	# Before calling tests, we first make sure that the stats counters and timestamper are working
+	n2 ping -c 10 -f -W 1 192.168.241.1
+	{ read _; read _; read _; read rx_bytes _; read _; read tx_bytes _; } < <(ip2 -stats link show dev wg0)
+	(( rx_bytes == 1372 && (tx_bytes == 1428 || tx_bytes == 1460) ))
+	{ read _; read _; read _; read rx_bytes _; read _; read tx_bytes _; } < <(ip1 -stats link show dev wg0)
+	(( tx_bytes == 1372 && (rx_bytes == 1428 || rx_bytes == 1460) ))
+	read _ rx_bytes tx_bytes < <(n2 wg show wg0 transfer)
+	(( rx_bytes == 1372 && (tx_bytes == 1428 || tx_bytes == 1460) ))
+	read _ rx_bytes tx_bytes < <(n1 wg show wg0 transfer)
+	(( tx_bytes == 1372 && (rx_bytes == 1428 || rx_bytes == 1460) ))
+	read _ timestamp < <(n1 wg show wg0 latest-handshakes)
+	(( timestamp != 0 ))
+
+	do_tests
+
+	ip1 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
+	ip2 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
+	do_tests
+
+	ip1 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
+	ip2 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
+
+	# Test using IPv6 as outer transport
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [::1]:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [::1]:1
+	do_tests
+
+	ip1 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
+	ip2 link set wg0 mtu $big_mtu
+	do_tests
+
+	# Test that route MTUs work with the padding
+	ip1 link set wg0 mtu 1300
+	ip2 link set wg0 mtu 1300
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 127.0.0.1:1
+	n0 iptables -A INPUT -m length --length 1360 -j DROP
+	n1 ip route add 192.168.241.2/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
+	n2 ip route add 192.168.241.1/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
+	n2 ping -c 1 -W 1 -s 1269 192.168.241.1
+	n2 ip route delete 192.168.241.1/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
+	n1 ip route delete 192.168.241.2/32 dev wg0 mtu 1299
+	n0 iptables -F INPUT
+
+	ip1 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
+	ip2 link set wg0 mtu $orig_mtu
+
+	# Test using IPv4 that roaming works
+	ip0 -4 addr del 127.0.0.1/8 dev lo
+	ip0 -4 addr add 127.212.121.99/8 dev lo
+	n1 wg set wg0 listen-port 9999
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
+	n1 ping6 -W 1 -c 1 fd00::2
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	127.212.121.99:9999" ]]
+
+	# Test using IPv6 that roaming works
+	n1 wg set wg0 listen-port 9998
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [::1]:2
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[::1]:9998" ]]
+
+	# Test that crypto-RP filter works
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 192.168.241.0/24
+	exec 4< <(n1 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
+	ncat_pid=$!
+	waitncatudp $netns1 $ncat_pid
+	n2 ncat -u 192.168.241.1 1111 <<<"X"
+	read -r -N 1 -t 1 out <&4 && [[ $out == "X" ]]
+	kill $ncat_pid
+	more_specific_key="$(pp wg genkey | pp wg pubkey)"
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$more_specific_key" allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32
+	n2 wg set wg0 listen-port 9997
+	exec 4< <(n1 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
+	ncat_pid=$!
+	waitncatudp $netns1 $ncat_pid
+	n2 ncat -u 192.168.241.1 1111 <<<"X"
+	! read -r -N 1 -t 1 out <&4 || false
+	kill $ncat_pid
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$more_specific_key" remove
+	[[ $(n1 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub2	[::1]:9997" ]]
+
+	# Test that we can change private keys keys and immediately handshake
+	n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32 endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2") listen-port 2 peer "$pub1" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key3")
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32 peer "$pub1" remove
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" remove
+
+	# Test that we can route wg through wg
+	ip1 addr flush dev wg0
+	ip2 addr flush dev wg0
+	ip1 addr add fd00::5:1/112 dev wg0
+	ip2 addr add fd00::5:2/112 dev wg0
+	n1 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips fd00::5:2/128 endpoint 127.0.0.1:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2") listen-port 2 peer "$pub1" preshared-key <(echo "$psk") allowed-ips fd00::5:1/128 endpoint 127.212.121.99:9998
+	ip1 link add wg1 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add wg1 type wireguard
+	ip1 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg1
+	ip1 addr add fd00::1/112 dev wg1
+	ip2 addr add 192.168.241.2/24 dev wg1
+	ip2 addr add fd00::2/112 dev wg1
+	ip1 link set mtu 1340 up dev wg1
+	ip2 link set mtu 1340 up dev wg1
+	n1 wg set wg1 listen-port 5 private-key <(echo "$key3") peer "$pub4" allowed-ips 192.168.241.2/32,fd00::2/128 endpoint [fd00::5:2]:5
+	n2 wg set wg1 listen-port 5 private-key <(echo "$key4") peer "$pub3" allowed-ips 192.168.241.1/32,fd00::1/128 endpoint [fd00::5:1]:5
+	do_tests
+	# Try to set up a routing loop between the two namespaces
+	ip1 link set netns $netns0 dev wg1
+	ip0 addr add 192.168.241.1/24 dev wg1
+	ip0 link set up dev wg1
+	n0 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 192.168.241.2:7
+	ip2 link del wg0
+	ip2 link del wg1
+	read _ _ tx_bytes_before < <(n0 wg show wg1 transfer)
+	! n0 ping -W 1 -c 10 -f 192.168.241.2 || false
+	sleep 1
+	read _ _ tx_bytes_after < <(n0 wg show wg1 transfer)
+	(( tx_bytes_after - tx_bytes_before < 70000 ))
+
+	ip0 link del wg1
+	ip1 link del wg0
+
+	# re-add wg0 for later tests
+	ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# NAT test
+# Test using NAT. We now change the topology to this:
+# ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐     ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
+# │             $ns1 namespace             │    │                 $ns0 namespace                 │     │             $ns2 namespace             │
+# │                                        │    │                                                │     │                                        │
+# │  ┌─────┐             ┌─────┐           │    │    ┌──────┐              ┌──────┐              │     │  ┌─────┐            ┌─────┐            │
+# │  │ wg0 │─────────────│vethc│───────────┼────┼────│vethrc│              │vethrs│──────────────┼─────┼──│veths│────────────│ wg0 │            │
+# │  ├─────┴──────────┐  ├─────┴──────────┐│    │    ├──────┴─────────┐    ├──────┴────────────┐ │     │  ├─────┴──────────┐ ├─────┴──────────┐ │
+# │  │192.168.241.1/24│  │192.168.1.100/24││    │    │192.168.1.1/24  │    │10.0.0.1/24        │ │     │  │10.0.0.100/24   │ │192.168.241.2/24│ │
+# │  │fd00::1/112     │  │                ││    │    │                │    │SNAT:192.168.1.0/24│ │     │  │                │ │fd00::2/112     │ │
+# │  └────────────────┘  └────────────────┘│    │    └────────────────┘    └───────────────────┘ │     │  └────────────────┘ └────────────────┘ │
+# └────────────────────────────────────────┘    └────────────────────────────────────────────────┘     └────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+nat_test()
+{
+	$has_basic_topo || { setup_basic_topo && has_basic_topo=true; }
+	configure_peers
+
+	ip0 link add vethrc type veth peer name vethc
+	ip0 link add vethrs type veth peer name veths
+	ip0 link set vethc netns $netns1
+	ip0 link set veths netns $netns2
+	ip0 link set vethrc up
+	ip0 link set vethrs up
+	ip0 addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev vethrc
+	ip0 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev vethrs
+	ip1 addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev vethc
+	ip1 link set vethc up
+	ip1 route add default via 192.168.1.1
+	ip2 addr add 10.0.0.100/24 dev veths
+	ip2 link set veths up
+	waitiface $netns0 vethrc
+	waitiface $netns0 vethrs
+	waitiface $netns1 vethc
+	waitiface $netns2 veths
+
+	n0 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'
+	n0 bash -c 'printf 2 > /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_udp_timeout'
+	n0 bash -c 'printf 2 > /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_udp_timeout_stream'
+	n0 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 10.0.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to 10.0.0.1
+
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.100:2 persistent-keepalive 1
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
+	# Demonstrate n2 can still send packets to n1, since persistent-keepalive will prevent connection tracking entry from expiring (to see entries: `n0 conntrack -L`).
+	pp sleep 3
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" persistent-keepalive 0
+
+	# Test that sk_bound_dev_if works
+	n1 ping -I wg0 -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2
+	# What about when the mark changes and the packet must be rerouted?
+	n1 iptables -t mangle -I OUTPUT -j MARK --set-xmark 1
+	n1 ping -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2 # First the boring case
+	n1 ping -I wg0 -c 1 -W 1 192.168.241.2 # Then the sk_bound_dev_if case
+	n1 iptables -t mangle -D OUTPUT -j MARK --set-xmark 1
+
+	# Test that onion routing works, even when it loops
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" allowed-ips 192.168.242.2/32 endpoint 192.168.241.2:5
+	ip1 addr add 192.168.242.1/24 dev wg0
+	ip2 link add wg1 type wireguard
+	ip2 addr add 192.168.242.2/24 dev wg1
+	n2 wg set wg1 private-key <(echo "$key3") listen-port 5 peer "$pub1" allowed-ips 192.168.242.1/32
+	ip2 link set wg1 up
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.242.2
+	ip2 link del wg1
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" endpoint 192.168.242.2:5
+	! n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.242.2 || false # Should not crash kernel
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub3" remove
+	ip1 addr del 192.168.242.1/24 dev wg0
+
+	# Do a wg-quick(8)-style policy routing for the default route, making sure vethc has a v6 address to tease out bugs.
+	ip1 -6 addr add fc00::9/96 dev vethc
+	ip1 -6 route add default via fc00::1
+	ip2 -4 addr add 192.168.99.7/32 dev wg0
+	ip2 -6 addr add abab::1111/128 dev wg0
+	n1 wg set wg0 fwmark 51820 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 192.168.99.7,abab::1111
+	ip1 -6 route add default dev wg0 table 51820
+	ip1 -6 rule add not fwmark 51820 table 51820
+	ip1 -6 rule add table main suppress_prefixlength 0
+	ip1 -4 route add default dev wg0 table 51820
+	ip1 -4 rule add not fwmark 51820 table 51820
+	ip1 -4 rule add table main suppress_prefixlength 0
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/vethc/rp_filter'
+	# Flood the pings instead of sending just one, to trigger routing table reference counting bugs.
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 100 -f 192.168.99.7
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 100 -f abab::1111
+
+	# Have ns2 NAT into wg0 packets from ns0, but return an icmp error along the right route.
+	n2 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -d 192.168.241.0/24 -j SNAT --to 192.168.241.2
+	n0 iptables -t filter -A INPUT \! -s 10.0.0.0/24 -i vethrs -j DROP # Manual rpfilter just to be explicit.
+	n2 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'
+	ip0 -4 route add 192.168.241.1 via 10.0.0.100
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" remove
+	[[ $(! n0 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1 || false) == *"From 10.0.0.100 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable"* ]]
+
+	n0 iptables -t nat -F
+	n0 iptables -t filter -F
+	n2 iptables -t nat -F
+	ip0 link del vethrc
+	ip0 link del vethrs
+	ip1 link del wg0
+	ip2 link del wg0
+
+	# re-add wg0 for later tests
+	ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# saddr test
+# Test that saddr routing is sticky but not too sticky, changing to this topology:
+# ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐    ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
+# │             $ns1 namespace             │    │             $ns2 namespace             │
+# │                                        │    │                                        │
+# │  ┌─────┐             ┌─────┐           │    │  ┌─────┐            ┌─────┐            │
+# │  │ wg0 │─────────────│veth1│───────────┼────┼──│veth2│────────────│ wg0 │            │
+# │  ├─────┴──────────┐  ├─────┴──────────┐│    │  ├─────┴──────────┐ ├─────┴──────────┐ │
+# │  │192.168.241.1/24│  │10.0.0.1/24     ││    │  │10.0.0.2/24     │ │192.168.241.2/24│ │
+# │  │fd00::1/112     │  │fd00:aa::1/96   ││    │  │fd00:aa::2/96   │ │fd00::2/112     │ │
+# │  └────────────────┘  └────────────────┘│    │  └────────────────┘ └────────────────┘ │
+# └────────────────────────────────────────┘    └────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+saddr_test()
+{
+	$has_basic_topo || { setup_basic_topo && has_basic_topo=true; }
+	configure_peers
+
+	ip1 link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2
+	ip1 link set veth2 netns $netns2
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_dad'
+	n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_dad'
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/veth1/accept_dad'
+	n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/veth2/accept_dad'
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth1/promote_secondaries'
+
+	# First we check that we aren't overly sticky and can fall over to new IPs when old ones are removed
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
+	ip2 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth2
+	ip2 addr add fd00:aa::2/96 dev veth2
+	ip1 link set veth1 up
+	ip2 link set veth2 up
+	waitiface $netns1 veth1
+	waitiface $netns2 veth2
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.2:2
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.10/24 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr del 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:2
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	ip1 addr add fd00:aa::10/96 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr del fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+
+	# Now we show that we can successfully do reply to sender routing
+	ip1 link set veth1 down
+	ip2 link set veth2 down
+	ip1 addr flush dev veth1
+	ip2 addr flush dev veth2
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/96 dev veth1
+	ip1 addr add fd00:aa::2/96 dev veth1
+	ip2 addr add 10.0.0.3/24 dev veth2
+	ip2 addr add fd00:aa::3/96 dev veth2
+	ip1 link set veth1 up
+	ip2 link set veth2 up
+	waitiface $netns1 veth1
+	waitiface $netns2 veth2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.0.0.1:1
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::1]:1
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[fd00:aa::1]:1" ]]
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.0.0.2:1
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.2:1" ]]
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:1
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	[fd00:aa::2]:1" ]]
+
+	# What happens if the inbound destination address belongs to a different interface as the default route?
+	ip1 link add dummy0 type dummy
+	ip1 addr add 10.50.0.1/24 dev dummy0
+	ip1 link set dummy0 up
+	ip2 route add 10.50.0.0/24 dev veth2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint 10.50.0.1:1
+	n2 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.1
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.50.0.1:1" ]]
+
+	ip1 link del dummy0
+	ip1 addr flush dev veth1
+	ip2 addr flush dev veth2
+	ip1 route flush dev veth1
+	ip2 route flush dev veth2
+
+	# Now we see what happens if another interface route takes precedence over an ongoing one
+	ip1 link add veth3 type veth peer name veth4
+	ip1 link set veth4 netns $netns2
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth1
+	ip2 addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth2
+	ip1 addr add 10.0.0.3/24 dev veth3
+	ip1 link set veth1 up
+	ip2 link set veth2 up
+	ip1 link set veth3 up
+	ip2 link set veth4 up
+	waitiface $netns1 veth1
+	waitiface $netns2 veth2
+	waitiface $netns1 veth3
+	waitiface $netns2 veth4
+	ip1 route flush dev veth1
+	ip1 route flush dev veth3
+	ip1 route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev veth1 src 10.0.0.1 metric 2
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint 10.0.0.2:2
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.1:1" ]]
+	ip1 route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev veth3 src 10.0.0.3 metric 1
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth1/rp_filter'
+	n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/veth4/rp_filter'
+	n1 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter'
+	n2 bash -c 'printf 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter'
+	n1 ping -W 1 -c 1 192.168.241.2
+	[[ $(n2 wg show wg0 endpoints) == "$pub1	10.0.0.3:1" ]]
+
+	ip1 link del veth1
+	ip1 link del veth3
+	ip1 link del wg0
+	ip2 link del wg0
+
+	# We test that Netlink/IPC is working properly by doing things that usually cause split responses
+	ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	config=( "[Interface]" "PrivateKey=$(wg genkey)" "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
+	for a in {1..255}; do
+		for b in {0..255}; do
+			config+=( "AllowedIPs=$a.$b.0.0/16,$a::$b/128" )
+		done
+	done
+	n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
+	i=0
+	for ip in $(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips); do
+		((++i))
+	done
+	((i == 255*256*2+1))
+	ip0 link del wg0
+	ip0 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	config=( "[Interface]" "PrivateKey=$(wg genkey)" )
+	for a in {1..40}; do
+		config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
+		for b in {1..52}; do
+			config+=( "AllowedIPs=$a.$b.0.0/16" )
+		done
+	done
+	n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
+	i=0
+	while read -r line; do
+		j=0
+		for ip in $line; do
+			((++j))
+		done
+		((j == 53))
+		((++i))
+	done < <(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips)
+	((i == 40))
+	ip0 link del wg0
+	ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
+	config=( )
+	for i in {1..29}; do
+		config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" )
+	done
+	config+=( "[Peer]" "PublicKey=$(wg genkey)" "AllowedIPs=255.2.3.4/32,abcd::255/128" )
+	n0 wg setconf wg0 <(printf '%s\n' "${config[@]}")
+	n0 wg showconf wg0 > /dev/null
+	ip0 link del wg0
+
+	allowedips=( )
+	for i in {1..197}; do
+	        allowedips+=( abcd::$i )
+	done
+	saved_ifs="$IFS"
+	IFS=,
+	allowedips="${allowedips[*]}"
+	IFS="$saved_ifs"
+	ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1"
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips "$allowedips"
+	{
+		read -r pub allowedips
+		[[ $pub == "$pub1" && $allowedips == "(none)" ]]
+		read -r pub allowedips
+		[[ $pub == "$pub2" ]]
+		i=0
+		for _ in $allowedips; do
+			((++i))
+		done
+		((i == 197))
+	} < <(n0 wg show wg0 allowed-ips)
+	ip0 link del wg0
+
+	! n0 wg show doesnotexist || false
+
+	# add addr on lo for ncat
+	ip0 -4 addr del 127.0.0.2/8 dev lo
+
+	ip0 link add wg0 type wireguard
+	n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1") peer "$pub2" preshared-key <(echo "$psk")
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "$key1" ]]
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 preshared-keys) == "$pub2	$psk" ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 private-key /dev/null peer "$pub2" preshared-key /dev/null
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "(none)" ]]
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 preshared-keys) == "$pub2	(none)" ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
+	n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key2")
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 public-key) == "$pub2" ]]
+	[[ -z $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
+	[[ -z $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "$key1")
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2"
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) == "$pub2" ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 private-key <(echo "/${key1:1}")
+	[[ $(n0 wg show wg0 private-key) == "+${key1:1}" ]]
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 0.0.0.0/0,10.0.0.0/8,100.0.0.0/10,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips 0.0.0.0/0
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips ::/0,1700::/111,5000::/4,e000::/37,9000::/75
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" allowed-ips ::/0
+	n0 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" remove
+	for low_order_point in AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA= AQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA= 4Ot6fDtBuK4WVuP68Z/EatoJjeucMrH9hmIFFl9JuAA= X5yVvKNQjCSx0LFVnIPvWwREXMRYHI6G2CJO3dCfEVc= 7P///////////////////////////////////////38= 7f///////////////////////////////////////38= 7v///////////////////////////////////////38=; do
+		n0 wg set wg0 peer "$low_order_point" persistent-keepalive 1 endpoint 127.0.0.1:1111
+	done
+	[[ -n $(n0 wg show wg0 peers) ]]
+	exec 4< <(n0 ncat -l -u -p 1111)
+	ncat_pid=$!
+	waitncatudp $netns0 $ncat_pid
+	ip0 link set wg0 up
+	! read -r -n 1 -t 2 <&4 || false
+	kill $ncat_pid
+	ip0 link del wg0
+
+	# re-add wg0 for later tests
+	ip1 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add dev wg0 type wireguard
+}
+
+regression_test()
+{
+	$has_basic_topo || { setup_basic_topo && has_basic_topo=true; }
+	configure_peers
+
+	# Ensure that dst_cache references don't outlive netns lifetime
+	ip1 link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2
+	ip1 link set veth2 netns $netns2
+	ip1 addr add fd00:aa::1/64 dev veth1
+	ip2 addr add fd00:aa::2/64 dev veth2
+	ip1 link set veth1 up
+	ip2 link set veth2 up
+	waitiface $netns1 veth1
+	waitiface $netns2 veth2
+	ip1 -6 route add default dev veth1 via fd00:aa::2
+	ip2 -6 route add default dev veth2 via fd00:aa::1
+	n1 wg set wg0 peer "$pub2" endpoint [fd00:aa::2]:2
+	n2 wg set wg0 peer "$pub1" endpoint [fd00:aa::1]:1
+	n1 ping6 -c 1 fd00::2
+	pp ip netns delete $netns1
+	pp ip netns delete $netns2
+	pp ip netns add $netns1
+	pp ip netns add $netns2
+
+	# Ensure there aren't circular reference loops
+	ip1 link add wg1 type wireguard
+	ip2 link add wg2 type wireguard
+	ip1 link set wg1 netns $netns2
+	ip2 link set wg2 netns $netns1
+	pp ip netns delete $netns1
+	pp ip netns delete $netns2
+	pp ip netns add $netns1
+	pp ip netns add $netns2
+
+	sleep 2 # Wait for cleanup and grace periods
+	declare -A objects
+	while read -t 0.1 -r line 2>/dev/null || [[ $? -ne 142 ]]; do
+		[[ $line =~ .*(wg[0-9]+:\ [A-Z][a-z]+\ ?[0-9]*)\ .*(created|destroyed).* ]] || continue
+		objects["${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"]+="${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
+	done < /dev/kmsg
+	alldeleted=1
+	for object in "${!objects[@]}"; do
+		if [[ ${objects["$object"]} != *createddestroyed && ${objects["$object"]} != *createdcreateddestroyeddestroyed ]]; then
+			echo "Error: $object: merely ${objects["$object"]}" >&3
+			alldeleted=0
+		fi
+	done
+	[[ $alldeleted -eq 1 ]]
+	pretty "" "Objects that were created were also destroyed."
+}
+
+
+################################################################################
+# usage
+
+usage()
+{
+	cat <<EOF
+usage: ${0##*/} OPTS
+
+        -t <test>   Test(s) to run (default: all)
+                    (options: $TESTS)
+        -h          This help message
+EOF
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# main
+
+while getopts t:h o
+do
+	case $o in
+		t) TESTS=$OPTARG;;
+		h) usage; exit 0;;
+		*) usage; exit 1;;
+	esac
+done
+
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+for t in $TESTS
+do
+	case $t in
+	basic_test|basic)		basic_test;;
+	nat_test|nat)			nat_test;;
+	saddr_test|saddr)		saddr_test;;
+	regression_test|regression)	regression_test;;
+
+	help) echo "Test names: $TESTS"; exit 0;;
+	esac
+done