diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_drv.c b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_drv.c
index 18ad047811d111..c5582fc9c46c9e 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_drv.c
@@ -86,13 +86,19 @@ static void vfio_ccw_crw_todo(struct work_struct *work)
  */
 static void vfio_ccw_sch_irq(struct subchannel *sch)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = vfio_ccw_get_priv(sch);
+
+	/* IRQ should not be delivered after the mdev is destroyed */
+	if (WARN_ON(!private))
+		return;
 
 	inc_irq_stat(IRQIO_CIO);
 	vfio_ccw_fsm_event(private, VFIO_CCW_EVENT_INTERRUPT);
+	vfio_device_put(&private->vdev);
 }
 
-static struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_alloc_private(struct subchannel *sch)
+struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_alloc_private(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+						struct subchannel *sch)
 {
 	struct vfio_ccw_private *private;
 
@@ -100,6 +106,8 @@ static struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_alloc_private(struct subchannel *sch)
 	if (!private)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
+	vfio_init_group_dev(&private->vdev, &mdev->dev,
+			    &vfio_ccw_dev_ops);
 	private->sch = sch;
 	mutex_init(&private->io_mutex);
 	private->state = VFIO_CCW_STATE_CLOSED;
@@ -145,11 +153,12 @@ static struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_alloc_private(struct subchannel *sch)
 	kfree(private->cp.guest_cp);
 out_free_private:
 	mutex_destroy(&private->io_mutex);
+	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&private->vdev);
 	kfree(private);
 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 }
 
-static void vfio_ccw_free_private(struct vfio_ccw_private *private)
+void vfio_ccw_free_private(struct vfio_ccw_private *private)
 {
 	struct vfio_ccw_crw *crw, *temp;
 
@@ -164,14 +173,14 @@ static void vfio_ccw_free_private(struct vfio_ccw_private *private)
 	kmem_cache_free(vfio_ccw_io_region, private->io_region);
 	kfree(private->cp.guest_cp);
 	mutex_destroy(&private->io_mutex);
-	kfree(private);
+	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&private->vdev);
+	kfree_rcu(private, rcu);
 }
 
 static int vfio_ccw_sch_probe(struct subchannel *sch)
 {
 	struct pmcw *pmcw = &sch->schib.pmcw;
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private;
-	int ret = -ENOMEM;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (pmcw->qf) {
 		dev_warn(&sch->dev, "vfio: ccw: does not support QDIO: %s\n",
@@ -179,15 +188,9 @@ static int vfio_ccw_sch_probe(struct subchannel *sch)
 		return -ENODEV;
 	}
 
-	private = vfio_ccw_alloc_private(sch);
-	if (IS_ERR(private))
-		return PTR_ERR(private);
-
-	dev_set_drvdata(&sch->dev, private);
-
-	ret = vfio_ccw_mdev_reg(sch);
+	ret = mdev_register_device(&sch->dev, &vfio_ccw_mdev_ops);
 	if (ret)
-		goto out_free;
+		return ret;
 
 	if (dev_get_uevent_suppress(&sch->dev)) {
 		dev_set_uevent_suppress(&sch->dev, 0);
@@ -198,22 +201,11 @@ static int vfio_ccw_sch_probe(struct subchannel *sch)
 			   sch->schid.cssid, sch->schid.ssid,
 			   sch->schid.sch_no);
 	return 0;
-
-out_free:
-	dev_set_drvdata(&sch->dev, NULL);
-	vfio_ccw_free_private(private);
-	return ret;
 }
 
 static void vfio_ccw_sch_remove(struct subchannel *sch)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
-
-	vfio_ccw_mdev_unreg(sch);
-
-	dev_set_drvdata(&sch->dev, NULL);
-
-	vfio_ccw_free_private(private);
+	mdev_unregister_device(&sch->dev);
 
 	VFIO_CCW_MSG_EVENT(4, "unbound from subchannel %x.%x.%04x\n",
 			   sch->schid.cssid, sch->schid.ssid,
@@ -222,10 +214,14 @@ static void vfio_ccw_sch_remove(struct subchannel *sch)
 
 static void vfio_ccw_sch_shutdown(struct subchannel *sch)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = vfio_ccw_get_priv(sch);
+
+	if (!private)
+		return;
 
 	vfio_ccw_fsm_event(private, VFIO_CCW_EVENT_CLOSE);
 	vfio_ccw_fsm_event(private, VFIO_CCW_EVENT_BROKEN);
+	vfio_device_put(&private->vdev);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -240,14 +236,14 @@ static void vfio_ccw_sch_shutdown(struct subchannel *sch)
  */
 static int vfio_ccw_sch_event(struct subchannel *sch, int process)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = vfio_ccw_get_priv(sch);
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int rc = -EAGAIN;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(sch->lock, flags);
-	if (!device_is_registered(&sch->dev))
-		goto out_unlock;
+	if (!private)
+		return -EAGAIN;
 
+	spin_lock_irqsave(sch->lock, flags);
 	if (work_pending(&sch->todo_work))
 		goto out_unlock;
 
@@ -260,7 +256,7 @@ static int vfio_ccw_sch_event(struct subchannel *sch, int process)
 
 out_unlock:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(sch->lock, flags);
-
+	vfio_device_put(&private->vdev);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -294,7 +290,7 @@ static void vfio_ccw_queue_crw(struct vfio_ccw_private *private,
 static int vfio_ccw_chp_event(struct subchannel *sch,
 			      struct chp_link *link, int event)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = vfio_ccw_get_priv(sch);
 	int mask = chp_ssd_get_mask(&sch->ssd_info, link);
 	int retry = 255;
 
@@ -307,8 +303,10 @@ static int vfio_ccw_chp_event(struct subchannel *sch,
 			   sch->schid.ssid, sch->schid.sch_no,
 			   mask, event);
 
-	if (cio_update_schib(sch))
+	if (cio_update_schib(sch)) {
+		vfio_device_put(&private->vdev);
 		return -ENODEV;
+	}
 
 	switch (event) {
 	case CHP_VARY_OFF:
@@ -338,6 +336,7 @@ static int vfio_ccw_chp_event(struct subchannel *sch,
 		break;
 	}
 
+	vfio_device_put(&private->vdev);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_ops.c b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_ops.c
index 68aae25a0a4be0..414b11ea7eebf9 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_ops.c
+++ b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_ops.c
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 
 #include "vfio_ccw_private.h"
 
-static const struct vfio_device_ops vfio_ccw_dev_ops;
-
 static int vfio_ccw_mdev_reset(struct vfio_ccw_private *private)
 {
 	/*
@@ -88,26 +86,27 @@ static struct attribute_group *mdev_type_groups[] = {
 
 static int vfio_ccw_mdev_probe(struct mdev_device *mdev)
 {
-	struct vfio_ccw_private *private = dev_get_drvdata(mdev->dev.parent);
+	struct subchannel *sch = to_subchannel(mdev->dev.parent);
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private;
 	int ret;
 
-	memset(&private->vdev, 0, sizeof(private->vdev));
-	vfio_init_group_dev(&private->vdev, &mdev->dev,
-			    &vfio_ccw_dev_ops);
+	private = vfio_ccw_alloc_private(mdev, sch);
+	if (IS_ERR(private))
+		return PTR_ERR(private);
 
 	VFIO_CCW_MSG_EVENT(2, "mdev %s, sch %x.%x.%04x: create\n",
-			   dev_name(private->vdev.dev),
-			   private->sch->schid.cssid, private->sch->schid.ssid,
-			   private->sch->schid.sch_no);
+			   dev_name(private->vdev.dev), sch->schid.cssid,
+			   sch->schid.ssid, sch->schid.sch_no);
 
 	ret = vfio_register_emulated_iommu_dev(&private->vdev);
 	if (ret)
-		goto err_init;
+		goto err_alloc;
 	dev_set_drvdata(&mdev->dev, private);
+	dev_set_drvdata(&sch->dev, private);
 	return 0;
 
-err_init:
-	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&private->vdev);
+err_alloc:
+	vfio_ccw_free_private(private);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -120,8 +119,9 @@ static void vfio_ccw_mdev_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
 			   private->sch->schid.cssid, private->sch->schid.ssid,
 			   private->sch->schid.sch_no);
 
+	dev_set_drvdata(&private->sch->dev, NULL);
 	vfio_unregister_group_dev(&private->vdev);
-	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&private->vdev);
+	vfio_ccw_free_private(private);
 }
 
 static int vfio_ccw_mdev_open_device(struct vfio_device *vdev)
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ static unsigned int vfio_ccw_get_available(struct mdev_type *mtype)
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static const struct vfio_device_ops vfio_ccw_dev_ops = {
+const struct vfio_device_ops vfio_ccw_dev_ops = {
 	.open_device = vfio_ccw_mdev_open_device,
 	.close_device = vfio_ccw_mdev_close_device,
 	.read = vfio_ccw_mdev_read,
@@ -615,19 +615,9 @@ struct mdev_driver vfio_ccw_mdev_driver = {
 	.get_available = vfio_ccw_get_available,
 };
 
-static const struct mdev_parent_ops vfio_ccw_mdev_ops = {
+const struct mdev_parent_ops vfio_ccw_mdev_ops = {
 	.owner			= THIS_MODULE,
 	.device_driver		= &vfio_ccw_mdev_driver,
 	.device_api		= VFIO_DEVICE_API_CCW_STRING,
 	.supported_type_groups  = mdev_type_groups,
 };
-
-int vfio_ccw_mdev_reg(struct subchannel *sch)
-{
-	return mdev_register_device(&sch->dev, &vfio_ccw_mdev_ops);
-}
-
-void vfio_ccw_mdev_unreg(struct subchannel *sch)
-{
-	mdev_unregister_device(&sch->dev);
-}
diff --git a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_private.h b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_private.h
index 67ee9c624393b0..852ff94fc107d6 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_private.h
+++ b/drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw_private.h
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include "css.h"
 #include "vfio_ccw_cp.h"
 
+struct mdev_device;
+
 #define VFIO_CCW_OFFSET_SHIFT   10
 #define VFIO_CCW_OFFSET_TO_INDEX(off)	(off >> VFIO_CCW_OFFSET_SHIFT)
 #define VFIO_CCW_INDEX_TO_OFFSET(index)	((u64)(index) << VFIO_CCW_OFFSET_SHIFT)
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ struct vfio_ccw_crw {
 /**
  * struct vfio_ccw_private
  * @vdev: Embedded VFIO device
+ * @rcu: head for kfree_rcu()
  * @sch: pointer to the subchannel
  * @state: internal state of the device
  * @completion: synchronization helper of the I/O completion
@@ -91,6 +94,7 @@ struct vfio_ccw_crw {
  */
 struct vfio_ccw_private {
 	struct vfio_device vdev;
+	struct rcu_head rcu;
 	struct subchannel	*sch;
 	int			state;
 	struct completion	*completion;
@@ -115,10 +119,25 @@ struct vfio_ccw_private {
 	struct work_struct	crw_work;
 } __aligned(8);
 
-extern int vfio_ccw_mdev_reg(struct subchannel *sch);
-extern void vfio_ccw_mdev_unreg(struct subchannel *sch);
+struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_alloc_private(struct mdev_device *mdev,
+						struct subchannel *sch);
+void vfio_ccw_free_private(struct vfio_ccw_private *private);
 
 extern struct mdev_driver vfio_ccw_mdev_driver;
+extern const struct mdev_parent_ops vfio_ccw_mdev_ops;
+extern const struct vfio_device_ops vfio_ccw_dev_ops;
+
+static inline struct vfio_ccw_private *vfio_ccw_get_priv(struct subchannel *sch)
+{
+	struct vfio_ccw_private *private;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	private = dev_get_drvdata(&sch->dev);
+	if (private && !vfio_device_try_get(&private->vdev))
+		private = NULL;
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	return private;
+}
 
 /*
  * States of the device statemachine.
