diff mbox

[05/11] qspinlock: Optimize for smaller NR_CPUS

Message ID 20140615130153.483502389@chello.nl (mailing list archive)
State New, archived
Headers show

Commit Message

Peter Zijlstra June 15, 2014, 12:47 p.m. UTC
From: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>

When we allow for a max NR_CPUS < 2^14 we can optimize the pending
wait-acquire and the xchg_tail() operations.

By growing the pending bit to a byte, we reduce the tail to 16bit.
This means we can use xchg16 for the tail part and do away with all
the repeated compxchg() operations.

This in turn allows us to unconditionally acquire; the locked state
as observed by the wait loops cannot change. And because both locked
and pending are now a full byte we can use simple stores for the
state transition, obviating one atomic operation entirely.

All this is horribly broken on Alpha pre EV56 (and any other arch that
cannot do single-copy atomic byte stores).

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
---
 include/asm-generic/qspinlock_types.h |   13 ++++
 kernel/locking/qspinlock.c            |  103 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)



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Comments

Paolo Bonzini June 18, 2014, 11:39 a.m. UTC | #1
Il 15/06/2014 14:47, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
>
> -	for (;;) {
> -		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
> -
> -		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
> -		if (old == val)
> -			break;
> -
> -		val = old;
> -	}
> +	clear_pending_set_locked(lock, val);
>  	return;


Might as well add clear_pending_set_locked already in patch 3.

Paolo
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Peter Zijlstra July 7, 2014, 2:35 p.m. UTC | #2
On Wed, Jun 18, 2014 at 01:39:52PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> Il 15/06/2014 14:47, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
> >
> >-	for (;;) {
> >-		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
> >-
> >-		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
> >-		if (old == val)
> >-			break;
> >-
> >-		val = old;
> >-	}
> >+	clear_pending_set_locked(lock, val);
> > 	return;
> 
> 
> Might as well add clear_pending_set_locked already in patch 3.

Patch 4, if anywhere.
Paolo Bonzini July 7, 2014, 3:08 p.m. UTC | #3
Il 07/07/2014 16:35, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
> On Wed, Jun 18, 2014 at 01:39:52PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
>> Il 15/06/2014 14:47, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
>>>
>>> -	for (;;) {
>>> -		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
>>> -
>>> -		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
>>> -		if (old == val)
>>> -			break;
>>> -
>>> -		val = old;
>>> -	}
>>> +	clear_pending_set_locked(lock, val);
>>> 	return;
>>
>>
>> Might as well add clear_pending_set_locked already in patch 3.
>
> Patch 4, if anywhere.
>

This code is added in patch 3:

+	/*
+	 * take ownership and clear the pending bit.
+	 *
+	 * *,1,0 -> *,0,1
+	 */
+	for (;;) {
+		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
+
+		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
+		if (old == val)
+			break;
+
+		val = old;
+	}
+	return;

Unlike the change in patch 4, clear_pending_set_locked doesn't change 
how qspinlock moves from a state to the next.

Paolo
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Peter Zijlstra July 7, 2014, 3:35 p.m. UTC | #4
On Mon, Jul 07, 2014 at 05:08:17PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> Il 07/07/2014 16:35, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
> >On Wed, Jun 18, 2014 at 01:39:52PM +0200, Paolo Bonzini wrote:
> >>Il 15/06/2014 14:47, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
> >>>
> >>>-	for (;;) {
> >>>-		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
> >>>-
> >>>-		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
> >>>-		if (old == val)
> >>>-			break;
> >>>-
> >>>-		val = old;
> >>>-	}
> >>>+	clear_pending_set_locked(lock, val);
> >>>	return;
> >>
> >>
> >>Might as well add clear_pending_set_locked already in patch 3.
> >
> >Patch 4, if anywhere.
> >
> 
> This code is added in patch 3:
> 
> +	/*
> +	 * take ownership and clear the pending bit.
> +	 *
> +	 * *,1,0 -> *,0,1
> +	 */
> +	for (;;) {
> +		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
> +
> +		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
> +		if (old == val)
> +			break;
> +
> +		val = old;
> +	}
> +	return;
> 
> Unlike the change in patch 4, clear_pending_set_locked doesn't change how
> qspinlock moves from a state to the next.

True, but its where we start to break up into smaller functions. And the
only reason we break them out is because we'll get different
implementations depending on NR_CPUS.

So we can view the breakout of xchg_tail and clear_and_set_pending as
preparatory work for introducing the NR_CPUS thing.
Paolo Bonzini July 7, 2014, 4:10 p.m. UTC | #5
Il 07/07/2014 17:35, Peter Zijlstra ha scritto:
>> > Unlike the change in patch 4, clear_pending_set_locked doesn't change how
>> > qspinlock moves from a state to the next.
> True, but its where we start to break up into smaller functions. And the
> only reason we break them out is because we'll get different
> implementations depending on NR_CPUS.
>
> So we can view the breakout of xchg_tail and clear_and_set_pending as
> preparatory work for introducing the NR_CPUS thing.

That's a different reasoning, but it's fine by me too.

Paolo
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diff mbox

Patch

--- a/include/asm-generic/qspinlock_types.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/qspinlock_types.h
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@  typedef struct qspinlock {
 /*
  * Bitfields in the atomic value:
  *
+ * When NR_CPUS < 16K
+ *  0- 7: locked byte
+ *     8: pending
+ *  9-15: not used
+ * 16-17: tail index
+ * 18-31: tail cpu (+1)
+ *
+ * When NR_CPUS >= 16K
  *  0- 7: locked byte
  *     8: pending
  *  9-10: tail index
@@ -50,7 +58,11 @@  typedef struct qspinlock {
 #define _Q_LOCKED_MASK		_Q_SET_MASK(LOCKED)
 
 #define _Q_PENDING_OFFSET	(_Q_LOCKED_OFFSET + _Q_LOCKED_BITS)
+#if CONFIG_NR_CPUS < (1U << 14)
+#define _Q_PENDING_BITS		8
+#else
 #define _Q_PENDING_BITS		1
+#endif
 #define _Q_PENDING_MASK		_Q_SET_MASK(PENDING)
 
 #define _Q_TAIL_IDX_OFFSET	(_Q_PENDING_OFFSET + _Q_PENDING_BITS)
@@ -61,6 +73,7 @@  typedef struct qspinlock {
 #define _Q_TAIL_CPU_BITS	(32 - _Q_TAIL_CPU_OFFSET)
 #define _Q_TAIL_CPU_MASK	_Q_SET_MASK(TAIL_CPU)
 
+#define _Q_TAIL_OFFSET		_Q_TAIL_IDX_OFFSET
 #define _Q_TAIL_MASK		(_Q_TAIL_IDX_MASK | _Q_TAIL_CPU_MASK)
 
 #define _Q_LOCKED_VAL		(1U << _Q_LOCKED_OFFSET)
--- a/kernel/locking/qspinlock.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/qspinlock.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ 
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <asm/byteorder.h>
 #include <asm/qspinlock.h>
 
 /*
@@ -48,6 +49,9 @@ 
  * We can further change the first spinner to spin on a bit in the lock word
  * instead of its node; whereby avoiding the need to carry a node from lock to
  * unlock, and preserving API.
+ *
+ * N.B. The current implementation only supports architectures that allow
+ *      atomic operations on smaller 8-bit and 16-bit data types.
  */
 
 #include "mcs_spinlock.h"
@@ -85,6 +89,87 @@  static inline struct mcs_spinlock *decod
 
 #define _Q_LOCKED_PENDING_MASK	(_Q_LOCKED_MASK | _Q_PENDING_MASK)
 
+/*
+ * By using the whole 2nd least significant byte for the pending bit, we
+ * can allow better optimization of the lock acquisition for the pending
+ * bit holder.
+ */
+#if _Q_PENDING_BITS == 8
+
+struct __qspinlock {
+	union {
+		atomic_t val;
+		struct {
+#ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+			u16	locked_pending;
+			u16	tail;
+#else
+			u16	tail;
+			u16	locked_pending;
+#endif
+		};
+	};
+};
+
+/**
+ * clear_pending_set_locked - take ownership and clear the pending bit.
+ * @lock: Pointer to queue spinlock structure
+ * @val : Current value of the queue spinlock 32-bit word
+ *
+ * *,1,0 -> *,0,1
+ *
+ * Lock stealing is not allowed if this function is used.
+ */
+static __always_inline void
+clear_pending_set_locked(struct qspinlock *lock, u32 val)
+{
+	struct __qspinlock *l = (void *)lock;
+
+	ACCESS_ONCE(l->locked_pending) = _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * xchg_tail - Put in the new queue tail code word & retrieve previous one
+ * @lock : Pointer to queue spinlock structure
+ * @tail : The new queue tail code word
+ * Return: The previous queue tail code word
+ *
+ * xchg(lock, tail)
+ *
+ * p,*,* -> n,*,* ; prev = xchg(lock, node)
+ */
+static __always_inline u32 xchg_tail(struct qspinlock *lock, u32 tail)
+{
+	struct __qspinlock *l = (void *)lock;
+
+	return (u32)xchg(&l->tail, tail >> _Q_TAIL_OFFSET) << _Q_TAIL_OFFSET;
+}
+
+#else /* _Q_PENDING_BITS == 8 */
+
+/**
+ * clear_pending_set_locked - take ownership and clear the pending bit.
+ * @lock: Pointer to queue spinlock structure
+ * @val : Current value of the queue spinlock 32-bit word
+ *
+ * *,1,0 -> *,0,1
+ */
+static __always_inline void
+clear_pending_set_locked(struct qspinlock *lock, u32 val)
+{
+	u32 new, old;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
+
+		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
+		if (old == val)
+			break;
+
+		val = old;
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * xchg_tail - Put in the new queue tail code word & retrieve previous one
  * @lock : Pointer to queue spinlock structure
@@ -109,6 +194,7 @@  static __always_inline u32 xchg_tail(str
 	}
 	return old;
 }
+#endif /* _Q_PENDING_BITS == 8 */
 
 /**
  * queue_spin_lock_slowpath - acquire the queue spinlock
@@ -173,8 +259,13 @@  void queue_spin_lock_slowpath(struct qsp
 	 * we're pending, wait for the owner to go away.
 	 *
 	 * *,1,1 -> *,1,0
+	 *
+	 * this wait loop must be a load-acquire such that we match the
+	 * store-release that clears the locked bit and create lock
+	 * sequentiality; this because not all clear_pending_set_locked()
+	 * implementations imply full barriers.
 	 */
-	while ((val = atomic_read(&lock->val)) & _Q_LOCKED_MASK)
+	while ((val = smp_load_acquire(&lock->val.counter)) & _Q_LOCKED_MASK)
 		cpu_relax();
 
 	/*
@@ -182,15 +273,7 @@  void queue_spin_lock_slowpath(struct qsp
 	 *
 	 * *,1,0 -> *,0,1
 	 */
-	for (;;) {
-		new = (val & ~_Q_PENDING_MASK) | _Q_LOCKED_VAL;
-
-		old = atomic_cmpxchg(&lock->val, val, new);
-		if (old == val)
-			break;
-
-		val = old;
-	}
+	clear_pending_set_locked(lock, val);
 	return;
 
 	/*