diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile
index fd8e1f1..f856495 100644
--- a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 turbostat : turbostat.c
+CFLAGS +=	-Wall
 
 clean :
 	rm -f turbostat
diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8
index adf175f..74e4450 100644
--- a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8
@@ -27,7 +27,11 @@ supports an "invariant" TSC, plus the APERF and MPERF MSRs.
 on processors that additionally support C-state residency counters.
 
 .SS Options
-The \fB-s\fP option prints only a 1-line summary for each sample interval.
+The \fB-s\fP option limits output to a 1-line system summary for each interval.
+.PP
+The \fB-c\fP option limits output to the 1st thread in each core.
+.PP
+The \fB-p\fP option limits output to the 1st thread in each package.
 .PP
 The \fB-v\fP option increases verbosity.
 .PP
@@ -65,19 +69,19 @@ Subsequent rows show per-CPU statistics.
 .nf
 [root@x980]# ./turbostat
 cor CPU    %c0  GHz  TSC    %c1    %c3    %c6   %pc3   %pc6
-          0.60 1.63 3.38   2.91   0.00  96.49   0.00  76.64
-  0   0   0.59 1.62 3.38   4.51   0.00  94.90   0.00  76.64
-  0   6   1.13 1.64 3.38   3.97   0.00  94.90   0.00  76.64
-  1   2   0.08 1.62 3.38   0.07   0.00  99.85   0.00  76.64
-  1   8   0.03 1.62 3.38   0.12   0.00  99.85   0.00  76.64
-  2   4   0.01 1.62 3.38   0.06   0.00  99.93   0.00  76.64
-  2  10   0.04 1.62 3.38   0.02   0.00  99.93   0.00  76.64
-  8   1   2.85 1.62 3.38  11.71   0.00  85.44   0.00  76.64
-  8   7   1.98 1.62 3.38  12.58   0.00  85.44   0.00  76.64
-  9   3   0.36 1.62 3.38   0.71   0.00  98.93   0.00  76.64
-  9   9   0.09 1.62 3.38   0.98   0.00  98.93   0.00  76.64
- 10   5   0.03 1.62 3.38   0.09   0.00  99.87   0.00  76.64
- 10  11   0.07 1.62 3.38   0.06   0.00  99.87   0.00  76.64
+          0.09 1.62 3.38   1.83   0.32  97.76   1.26  83.61
+  0   0   0.15 1.62 3.38  10.23   0.05  89.56   1.26  83.61
+  0   6   0.05 1.62 3.38  10.34
+  1   2   0.03 1.62 3.38   0.07   0.05  99.86
+  1   8   0.03 1.62 3.38   0.06
+  2   4   0.21 1.62 3.38   0.10   1.49  98.21
+  2  10   0.02 1.62 3.38   0.29
+  8   1   0.04 1.62 3.38   0.04   0.08  99.84
+  8   7   0.01 1.62 3.38   0.06
+  9   3   0.53 1.62 3.38   0.10   0.20  99.17
+  9   9   0.02 1.62 3.38   0.60
+ 10   5   0.01 1.62 3.38   0.02   0.04  99.92
+ 10  11   0.02 1.62 3.38   0.02
 .fi
 .SH SUMMARY EXAMPLE
 The "-s" option prints the column headers just once,
@@ -86,9 +90,10 @@ and then the one line system summary for each sample interval.
 .nf
 [root@x980]# ./turbostat -s
    %c0  GHz  TSC    %c1    %c3    %c6   %pc3   %pc6
-  0.61 1.89 3.38   5.95   0.00  93.44   0.00  66.33
-  0.52 1.62 3.38   6.83   0.00  92.65   0.00  61.11
-  0.62 1.92 3.38   5.47   0.00  93.91   0.00  67.31
+  0.23 1.67 3.38   2.00   0.30  97.47   1.07  82.12
+  0.10 1.62 3.38   1.87   2.25  95.77  12.02  72.60
+  0.20 1.64 3.38   1.98   0.11  97.72   0.30  83.36
+  0.11 1.70 3.38   1.86   1.81  96.22   9.71  74.90
 .fi
 .SH VERBOSE EXAMPLE
 The "-v" option adds verbosity to the output:
@@ -120,30 +125,28 @@ until ^C while the other CPUs are mostly idle:
 [root@x980 lenb]# ./turbostat cat /dev/zero > /dev/null
 ^C
 cor CPU    %c0  GHz  TSC    %c1    %c3    %c6   %pc3   %pc6
-          8.63 3.64 3.38  14.46   0.49  76.42   0.00   0.00
-  0   0   0.34 3.36 3.38  99.66   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00
-  0   6  99.96 3.64 3.38   0.04   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00
-  1   2   0.14 3.50 3.38   1.75   2.04  96.07   0.00   0.00
-  1   8   0.38 3.57 3.38   1.51   2.04  96.07   0.00   0.00
-  2   4   0.01 2.65 3.38   0.06   0.00  99.93   0.00   0.00
-  2  10   0.03 2.12 3.38   0.04   0.00  99.93   0.00   0.00
-  8   1   0.91 3.59 3.38  35.27   0.92  62.90   0.00   0.00
-  8   7   1.61 3.63 3.38  34.57   0.92  62.90   0.00   0.00
-  9   3   0.04 3.38 3.38   0.20   0.00  99.76   0.00   0.00
-  9   9   0.04 3.29 3.38   0.20   0.00  99.76   0.00   0.00
- 10   5   0.03 3.08 3.38   0.12   0.00  99.85   0.00   0.00
- 10  11   0.05 3.07 3.38   0.10   0.00  99.85   0.00   0.00
-4.907015 sec
-
+          8.86 3.61 3.38  15.06  31.19  44.89   0.00   0.00
+  0   0   1.46 3.22 3.38  16.84  29.48  52.22   0.00   0.00
+  0   6   0.21 3.06 3.38  18.09
+  1   2   0.53 3.33 3.38   2.80  46.40  50.27
+  1   8   0.89 3.47 3.38   2.44
+  2   4   1.36 3.43 3.38   9.04  23.71  65.89
+  2  10   0.18 2.86 3.38  10.22
+  8   1   0.04 2.87 3.38  99.96   0.01   0.00
+  8   7  99.72 3.63 3.38   0.27
+  9   3   0.31 3.21 3.38   7.64  56.55  35.50
+  9   9   0.08 2.95 3.38   7.88
+ 10   5   1.42 3.43 3.38   2.14  30.99  65.44
+ 10  11   0.16 2.88 3.38   3.40
 .fi
-Above the cycle soaker drives cpu6 up 3.6 Ghz turbo limit
+Above the cycle soaker drives cpu7 up its 3.6 Ghz turbo limit
 while the other processors are generally in various states of idle.
 
-Note that cpu0 is an HT sibling sharing core0
-with cpu6, and thus it is unable to get to an idle state
-deeper than c1 while cpu6 is busy.
+Note that cpu1 and cpu7 are HT siblings within core8.
+As cpu7 is very busy, it prevents its sibling, cpu1,
+from entering a c-state deeper than c1.
 
-Note that turbostat reports average GHz of 3.64, while
+Note that turbostat reports average GHz of 3.63, while
 the arithmetic average of the GHz column above is lower.
 This is a weighted average, where the weight is %c0.  ie. it is the total number of
 un-halted cycles elapsed per time divided by the number of CPUs.
diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c
index 16de7ad..b815a12 100644
--- a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c
@@ -67,92 +67,119 @@ double bclk;
 unsigned int show_pkg;
 unsigned int show_core;
 unsigned int show_cpu;
+unsigned int show_pkg_only;
+unsigned int show_core_only;
+char *output_buffer, *outp;
 
 int aperf_mperf_unstable;
 int backwards_count;
 char *progname;
 
-int num_cpus;
-cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_mask;
-size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_mask_size;
-
-struct counters {
-	unsigned long long tsc;		/* per thread */
-	unsigned long long aperf;	/* per thread */
-	unsigned long long mperf;	/* per thread */
-	unsigned long long c1;	/* per thread (calculated) */
-	unsigned long long c3;	/* per core */
-	unsigned long long c6;	/* per core */
-	unsigned long long c7;	/* per core */
-	unsigned long long pc2;	/* per package */
-	unsigned long long pc3;	/* per package */
-	unsigned long long pc6;	/* per package */
-	unsigned long long pc7;	/* per package */
-	unsigned long long extra_msr;	/* per thread */
-	int pkg;
-	int core;
-	int cpu;
-	struct counters *next;
-};
-
-struct counters *cnt_even;
-struct counters *cnt_odd;
-struct counters *cnt_delta;
-struct counters *cnt_average;
-struct timeval tv_even;
-struct timeval tv_odd;
-struct timeval tv_delta;
-
-int mark_cpu_present(int pkg, int core, int cpu)
+cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
+size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
+
+struct thread_data {
+	unsigned long long tsc;
+	unsigned long long aperf;
+	unsigned long long mperf;
+	unsigned long long c1;	/* derived */
+	unsigned long long extra_msr;
+	unsigned int cpu_id;
+	unsigned int flags;
+#define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
+#define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
+} *thread_even, *thread_odd;
+
+struct core_data {
+	unsigned long long c3;
+	unsigned long long c6;
+	unsigned long long c7;
+	unsigned int core_id;
+} *core_even, *core_odd;
+
+struct pkg_data {
+	unsigned long long pc2;
+	unsigned long long pc3;
+	unsigned long long pc6;
+	unsigned long long pc7;
+	unsigned int package_id;
+} *package_even, *package_odd;
+
+#define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
+#define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
+
+#define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
+	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
+		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
+		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
+#define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
+	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
+#define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
+
+struct system_summary {
+	struct thread_data threads;
+	struct core_data cores;
+	struct pkg_data packages;
+} sum, average;
+
+
+struct topo_params {
+	int num_packages;
+	int num_cpus;
+	int num_cores;
+	int max_cpu_num;
+	int num_cores_per_pkg;
+	int num_threads_per_core;
+} topo;
+
+struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
+
+void setup_all_buffers(void);
+
+int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
 {
-	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
-	return 0;
+	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
 }
-
 /*
- * cpu_mask_init(ncpus)
- *
- * allocate and clear cpu_mask
- * set cpu_mask_size
+ * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
+ * skip non-present cpus
  */
-void cpu_mask_init(int ncpus)
+
+int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
+	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
 {
-	cpu_mask = CPU_ALLOC(ncpus);
-	if (cpu_mask == NULL) {
-		perror("CPU_ALLOC");
-		exit(3);
-	}
-	cpu_mask_size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus);
-	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_mask_size, cpu_mask);
+	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
 
-	/*
-	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
-	 */
-	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC(ncpus);
-	if (cpu_present_set == NULL) {
-		perror("CPU_ALLOC");
-		exit(3);
-	}
-	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus);
-	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
-	for_all_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
-}
+	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
+		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
+			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
+				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
+				struct thread_data *t;
+				struct core_data *c;
+				struct pkg_data *p;
 
-void cpu_mask_uninit()
-{
-	CPU_FREE(cpu_mask);
-	cpu_mask = NULL;
-	cpu_mask_size = 0;
-	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
-	cpu_present_set = NULL;
-	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
+				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
+
+				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
+					continue;
+
+				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
+				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
+
+				retval = func(t, c, p);
+				if (retval)
+					return retval;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
 {
-	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_mask_size, cpu_mask);
-	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_mask_size, cpu_mask);
-	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_mask_size, cpu_mask) == -1)
+	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
+	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
+	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
 		return -1;
 	else
 		return 0;
@@ -181,67 +208,72 @@ int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
 void print_header(void)
 {
 	if (show_pkg)
-		fprintf(stderr, "pk");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "pk");
 	if (show_pkg)
-		fprintf(stderr, " ");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " ");
 	if (show_core)
-		fprintf(stderr, "cor");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "cor");
 	if (show_cpu)
-		fprintf(stderr, " CPU");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " CPU");
 	if (show_pkg || show_core || show_cpu)
-		fprintf(stderr, " ");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " ");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "   %%c0");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "   %%c0");
 	if (has_aperf)
-		fprintf(stderr, "  GHz");
-	fprintf(stderr, "  TSC");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GHz");
+	outp += sprintf(outp, "  TSC");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "    %%c1");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "    %%c1");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "    %%c3");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "    %%c3");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "    %%c6");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "    %%c6");
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "    %%c7");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "    %%c7");
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "   %%pc2");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "   %%pc2");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "   %%pc3");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "   %%pc3");
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "   %%pc6");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "   %%pc6");
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, "   %%pc7");
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "   %%pc7");
 	if (extra_msr_offset)
-		fprintf(stderr, "        MSR 0x%x ", extra_msr_offset);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "        MSR 0x%x ", extra_msr_offset);
 
-	putc('\n', stderr);
+	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
 }
 
-void dump_cnt(struct counters *cnt)
+int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
+	struct pkg_data *p)
 {
-	if (!cnt)
-		return;
-	if (cnt->pkg) fprintf(stderr, "package: %d ", cnt->pkg);
-	if (cnt->core) fprintf(stderr, "core:: %d ", cnt->core);
-	if (cnt->cpu) fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d ", cnt->cpu);
-	if (cnt->tsc) fprintf(stderr, "TSC: %016llX\n", cnt->tsc);
-	if (cnt->c3) fprintf(stderr, "c3: %016llX\n", cnt->c3);
-	if (cnt->c6) fprintf(stderr, "c6: %016llX\n", cnt->c6);
-	if (cnt->c7) fprintf(stderr, "c7: %016llX\n", cnt->c7);
-	if (cnt->aperf) fprintf(stderr, "aperf: %016llX\n", cnt->aperf);
-	if (cnt->pc2) fprintf(stderr, "pc2: %016llX\n", cnt->pc2);
-	if (cnt->pc3) fprintf(stderr, "pc3: %016llX\n", cnt->pc3);
-	if (cnt->pc6) fprintf(stderr, "pc6: %016llX\n", cnt->pc6);
-	if (cnt->pc7) fprintf(stderr, "pc7: %016llX\n", cnt->pc7);
-	if (cnt->extra_msr) fprintf(stderr, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n", extra_msr_offset, cnt->extra_msr);
-}
+	fprintf(stderr, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
+
+	if (t) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n", t->cpu_id, t->flags);
+		fprintf(stderr, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
+		fprintf(stderr, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
+		fprintf(stderr, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
+		fprintf(stderr, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
+		fprintf(stderr, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
+			extra_msr_offset, t->extra_msr);
+	}
 
-void dump_list(struct counters *cnt)
-{
-	printf("dump_list 0x%p\n", cnt);
+	if (c) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
+		fprintf(stderr, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
+		fprintf(stderr, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
+		fprintf(stderr, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
+	}
 
-	for (; cnt; cnt = cnt->next)
-		dump_cnt(cnt);
+	if (p) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
+		fprintf(stderr, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
+		fprintf(stderr, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
+		fprintf(stderr, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
+		fprintf(stderr, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -253,321 +285,385 @@ void dump_list(struct counters *cnt)
  * TSC: "TSC" 3 columns %3.2
  * percentage " %pc3" %6.2
  */
-void print_cnt(struct counters *p)
+int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
+	struct pkg_data *p)
 {
 	double interval_float;
 
+	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
+	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
+		return 0;
+
+	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
+	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
+		return 0;
+
 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
 
-	/* topology columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
-	if (p == cnt_average) {
+	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
+	if (t == &average.threads) {
 		if (show_pkg)
-			fprintf(stderr, "  ");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, "  ");
 		if (show_pkg && show_core)
-			fprintf(stderr, " ");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " ");
 		if (show_core)
-			fprintf(stderr, "   ");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, "   ");
 		if (show_cpu)
-			fprintf(stderr, " " "   ");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " " "   ");
 	} else {
-		if (show_pkg)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%2d", p->pkg);
+		if (show_pkg) {
+			if (p)
+				outp += sprintf(outp, "%2d", p->package_id);
+			else
+				outp += sprintf(outp, "  ");
+		}
 		if (show_pkg && show_core)
-			fprintf(stderr, " ");
-		if (show_core)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%3d", p->core);
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " ");
+		if (show_core) {
+			if (c)
+				outp += sprintf(outp, "%3d", c->core_id);
+			else
+				outp += sprintf(outp, "   ");
+		}
 		if (show_cpu)
-			fprintf(stderr, " %3d", p->cpu);
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " %3d", t->cpu_id);
 	}
 
 	/* %c0 */
 	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
 		if (show_pkg || show_core || show_cpu)
-			fprintf(stderr, " ");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " ");
 		if (!skip_c0)
-			fprintf(stderr, "%6.2f", 100.0 * p->mperf/p->tsc);
+			outp += sprintf(outp, "%6.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc);
 		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "  ****");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, "  ****");
 	}
 
 	/* GHz */
 	if (has_aperf) {
 		if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
-			fprintf(stderr, " %3.2f",
-				1.0 * p->tsc / units * p->aperf /
-				p->mperf / interval_float);
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " %3.2f",
+				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf /
+				t->mperf / interval_float);
 		} else {
-			if (p->aperf > p->tsc || p->mperf > p->tsc) {
-				fprintf(stderr, " ***");
+			if (t->aperf > t->tsc || t->mperf > t->tsc) {
+				outp += sprintf(outp, " ***");
 			} else {
-				fprintf(stderr, "%3.1f*",
-					1.0 * p->tsc /
-					units * p->aperf /
-					p->mperf / interval_float);
+				outp += sprintf(outp, "%3.1f*",
+					1.0 * t->tsc /
+					units * t->aperf /
+					t->mperf / interval_float);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	/* TSC */
-	fprintf(stderr, "%5.2f", 1.0 * p->tsc/units/interval_float);
+	outp += sprintf(outp, "%5.2f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
 
 	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
 		if (!skip_c1)
-			fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->c1/p->tsc);
+			outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
 		else
-			fprintf(stderr, "  ****");
+			outp += sprintf(outp, "  ****");
 	}
+
+	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
+		goto done;
+
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->c3/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->c6/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->c7/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
+
+	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
+		goto done;
+
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
 	if (do_snb_cstates)
-		fprintf(stderr, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/p->tsc);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, " %6.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
+done:
 	if (extra_msr_offset)
-		fprintf(stderr, "  0x%016llx", p->extra_msr);
-	putc('\n', stderr);
+		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%016llx", t->extra_msr);
+	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
-void print_counters(struct counters *counters)
+void flush_stdout()
+{
+	fputs(output_buffer, stdout);
+	outp = output_buffer;
+}
+void flush_stderr()
+{
+	fputs(output_buffer, stderr);
+	outp = output_buffer;
+}
+void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
 {
-	struct counters *cnt;
 	static int printed;
 
-
 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
 		print_header();
 
-	if (num_cpus > 1)
-		print_cnt(cnt_average);
+	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
+		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
+			&average.packages);
 
 	printed = 1;
 
 	if (summary_only)
 		return;
 
-	for (cnt = counters; cnt != NULL; cnt = cnt->next)
-		print_cnt(cnt);
-
+	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
 }
 
-#define SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after, before, delta) (delta = (after - before), (before > after))
+void
+delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
+{
+	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
+	old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
+	old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
+	old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
+}
 
-int compute_delta(struct counters *after,
-	struct counters *before, struct counters *delta)
+void
+delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
 {
-	int errors = 0;
-	int perf_err = 0;
+	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
+	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
+	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
+}
 
-	skip_c0 = skip_c1 = 0;
+void
+delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
+	struct core_data *core_delta)
+{
+	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
+
+	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
+	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n");
+		fprintf(stderr, "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"\n");
+		exit(-3);
+	}
 
-	for ( ; after && before && delta;
-		after = after->next, before = before->next, delta = delta->next) {
-		if (before->cpu != after->cpu) {
-			printf("cpu configuration changed: %d != %d\n",
-				before->cpu, after->cpu);
-			return -1;
-		}
+	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
 
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->tsc, before->tsc, delta->tsc)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d TSC went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->tsc, after->tsc);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
-		if (delta->tsc < (1000 * 1000)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Insanely slow TSC rate,"
-				" TSC stops in idle?\n");
-			fprintf(stderr, "You can disable all c-states"
-				" by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n");
-			fprintf(stderr, "or just the deep ones with"
-				" \"processor.max_cstate=1\"\n");
-			exit(-3);
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c3, before->c3, delta->c3)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c3 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->c3, after->c3);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c6, before->c6, delta->c6)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c6 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->c6, after->c6);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c7, before->c7, delta->c7)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c7 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->c7, after->c7);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc2, before->pc2, delta->pc2)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc2 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->pc2, after->pc2);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc3, before->pc3, delta->pc3)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc3 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->pc3, after->pc3);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc6, before->pc6, delta->pc6)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc6 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->pc6, after->pc6);
-			errors++;
-		}
-		if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc7, before->pc7, delta->pc7)) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc7 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->pc7, after->pc7);
-			errors++;
-		}
+	if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
+		old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
+		old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
+	} else {
 
-		perf_err = SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->aperf, before->aperf, delta->aperf);
-		if (perf_err) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d aperf counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->aperf, after->aperf);
-		}
-		perf_err |= SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->mperf, before->mperf, delta->mperf);
-		if (perf_err) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d mperf counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
-				before->cpu, before->mperf, after->mperf);
-		}
-		if (perf_err) {
-			if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
-				fprintf(stderr, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
-				fprintf(stderr, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
-				fprintf(stderr, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
+		if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
+			fprintf(stderr, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
+			fprintf(stderr, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
 
-				aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
-			}
-			/*
-			 * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
-			 * can not use it for calculating c0 time
-			 */
-			skip_c0 = 1;
-			skip_c1 = 1;
+			aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
 		}
-
 		/*
-		 * As mperf and tsc collection are not atomic,
-		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles
-		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
+		 * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
+		 * can not use it for calculating c0 time
 		 */
-		if (delta->mperf > delta->tsc)
-			delta->c1 = 0;
-		else /* normal case, derive c1 */
-			delta->c1 = delta->tsc - delta->mperf
-				- delta->c3 - delta->c6 - delta->c7;
+		skip_c0 = 1;
+		skip_c1 = 1;
+	}
 
-		if (delta->mperf == 0)
-			delta->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
 
-		/*
-		 * for "extra msr", just copy the latest w/o subtracting
-		 */
-		delta->extra_msr = after->extra_msr;
-		if (errors) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "ERROR cpu%d before:\n", before->cpu);
-			dump_cnt(before);
-			fprintf(stderr, "ERROR cpu%d after:\n", before->cpu);
-			dump_cnt(after);
-			errors = 0;
-		}
+	/*
+	 * As mperf and tsc collection are not atomic,
+	 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles
+	 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
+	 */
+	if (old->mperf > old->tsc)
+		old->c1 = 0;
+	else {
+		/* normal case, derive c1 */
+		old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
+				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
+	}
+	if (old->mperf == 0) {
+		if (verbose) fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
+		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * for "extra msr", just copy the latest w/o subtracting
+	 */
+	old->extra_msr = new->extra_msr;
+}
+
+int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
+	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
+	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
+{
+	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
+	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
+		delta_core(c, c2);
+
+	/* always calculate thread delta */
+	delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
+
+	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
+	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
+		delta_package(p, p2);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void compute_average(struct counters *delta, struct counters *avg)
+void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
+{
+	t->tsc = 0;
+	t->aperf = 0;
+	t->mperf = 0;
+	t->c1 = 0;
+
+	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
+	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
+
+	c->c3 = 0;
+	c->c6 = 0;
+	c->c7 = 0;
+
+	p->pc2 = 0;
+	p->pc3 = 0;
+	p->pc6 = 0;
+	p->pc7 = 0;
+}
+int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
+	struct pkg_data *p)
 {
-	struct counters *sum;
+	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
+	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
+	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
+	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
 
-	sum = calloc(1, sizeof(struct counters));
-	if (sum == NULL) {
-		perror("calloc sum");
-		exit(1);
-	}
+	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
+		return 0;
 
-	for (; delta; delta = delta->next) {
-		sum->tsc += delta->tsc;
-		sum->c1 += delta->c1;
-		sum->c3 += delta->c3;
-		sum->c6 += delta->c6;
-		sum->c7 += delta->c7;
-		sum->aperf += delta->aperf;
-		sum->mperf += delta->mperf;
-		sum->pc2 += delta->pc2;
-		sum->pc3 += delta->pc3;
-		sum->pc6 += delta->pc6;
-		sum->pc7 += delta->pc7;
-	}
-	avg->tsc = sum->tsc/num_cpus;
-	avg->c1 = sum->c1/num_cpus;
-	avg->c3 = sum->c3/num_cpus;
-	avg->c6 = sum->c6/num_cpus;
-	avg->c7 = sum->c7/num_cpus;
-	avg->aperf = sum->aperf/num_cpus;
-	avg->mperf = sum->mperf/num_cpus;
-	avg->pc2 = sum->pc2/num_cpus;
-	avg->pc3 = sum->pc3/num_cpus;
-	avg->pc6 = sum->pc6/num_cpus;
-	avg->pc7 = sum->pc7/num_cpus;
-
-	free(sum);
+	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
+	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
+	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
+
+	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
+		return 0;
+
+	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
+	average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
+	average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
+	average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+/*
+ * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
+ * compute the weighted average
+ */
+void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
+	struct pkg_data *p)
+{
+	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
+
+	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
+
+	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
+	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
+	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
+	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
+
+	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
+	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
+	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
+
+	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
+	average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
+	average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
+	average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
 }
 
-int get_counters(struct counters *cnt)
+static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
 {
-	for ( ; cnt; cnt = cnt->next) {
+	unsigned int low, high;
 
-		if (cpu_migrate(cnt->cpu))
-			return -1;
+	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
 
-		if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_TSC, &cnt->tsc))
-			return -1;
+	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
+}
 
-		if (has_aperf) {
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_APERF, &cnt->aperf))
-				return -1;
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_MPERF, &cnt->mperf))
-				return -1;
-		}
 
-		if (do_nhm_cstates) {
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &cnt->c3))
-				return -1;
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &cnt->c6))
-				return -1;
-		}
+/*
+ * get_counters(...)
+ * migrate to cpu
+ * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
+ */
+int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
+{
+	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
 
-		if (do_snb_cstates)
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &cnt->c7))
-				return -1;
+	if (cpu_migrate(cpu))
+		return -1;
 
-		if (do_nhm_cstates) {
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &cnt->pc3))
-				return -1;
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &cnt->pc6))
-				return -1;
-		}
-		if (do_snb_cstates) {
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &cnt->pc2))
-				return -1;
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &cnt->pc7))
-				return -1;
-		}
-		if (extra_msr_offset)
-			if (get_msr(cnt->cpu, extra_msr_offset, &cnt->extra_msr))
-				return -1;
+	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
+
+	if (has_aperf) {
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_APERF, &t->aperf))
+			return -3;
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_MPERF, &t->mperf))
+			return -4;
+	}
+
+	if (extra_msr_offset)
+		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset, &t->extra_msr))
+			return -5;
+
+	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
+			return -6;
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
+			return -7;
+	}
+
+	if (do_snb_cstates)
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
+			return -8;
+
+	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
+	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
+			return -9;
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
+			return -10;
+	}
+	if (do_snb_cstates) {
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
+			return -11;
+		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
+			return -12;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-void print_nehalem_info(void)
+void print_verbose_header(void)
 {
 	unsigned long long msr;
 	unsigned int ratio;
@@ -615,143 +711,82 @@ void print_nehalem_info(void)
 
 }
 
-void free_counter_list(struct counters *list)
+void free_all_buffers(void)
 {
-	struct counters *p;
+	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
+	cpu_present_set = NULL;
+	cpu_present_set = 0;
 
-	for (p = list; p; ) {
-		struct counters *free_me;
+	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
+	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
+	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
 
-		free_me = p;
-		p = p->next;
-		free(free_me);
-	}
-}
+	free(thread_even);
+	free(core_even);
+	free(package_even);
 
-void free_all_counters(void)
-{
-	free_counter_list(cnt_even);
-	cnt_even = NULL;
+	thread_even = NULL;
+	core_even = NULL;
+	package_even = NULL;
 
-	free_counter_list(cnt_odd);
-	cnt_odd = NULL;
+	free(thread_odd);
+	free(core_odd);
+	free(package_odd);
 
-	free_counter_list(cnt_delta);
-	cnt_delta = NULL;
+	thread_odd = NULL;
+	core_odd = NULL;
+	package_odd = NULL;
 
-	free_counter_list(cnt_average);
-	cnt_average = NULL;
+	free(output_buffer);
+	output_buffer = NULL;
+	outp = NULL;
 }
 
-void insert_counters(struct counters **list,
-	struct counters *new)
+/*
+ * cpu_is_first_sibling_in_core(cpu)
+ * return 1 if given CPU is 1st HT sibling in the core
+ */
+int cpu_is_first_sibling_in_core(int cpu)
 {
-	struct counters *prev;
-
-	/*
-	 * list was empty
-	 */
-	if (*list == NULL) {
-		new->next = *list;
-		*list = new;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (!summary_only)
-		show_cpu = 1;	/* there is more than one CPU */
-
-	/*
-	 * insert on front of list.
-	 * It is sorted by ascending package#, core#, cpu#
-	 */
-	if (((*list)->pkg > new->pkg) ||
-	    (((*list)->pkg == new->pkg) && ((*list)->core > new->core)) ||
-	    (((*list)->pkg == new->pkg) && ((*list)->core == new->core) && ((*list)->cpu > new->cpu))) {
-		new->next = *list;
-		*list = new;
-		return;
-	}
-
-	prev = *list;
-
-	while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg < new->pkg)) {
-		prev = prev->next;
-		if (!summary_only)
-			show_pkg = 1;	/* there is more than 1 package */
-	}
-
-	while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg == new->pkg)
-		&& (prev->next->core < new->core)) {
-		prev = prev->next;
-		if (!summary_only)
-			show_core = 1;	/* there is more than 1 core */
-	}
+	char path[64];
+	FILE *filep;
+	int first_cpu;
 
-	while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg == new->pkg)
-		&& (prev->next->core == new->core)
-		&& (prev->next->cpu < new->cpu)) {
-		prev = prev->next;
+	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
+	filep = fopen(path, "r");
+	if (filep == NULL) {
+		perror(path);
+		exit(1);
 	}
-
-	/*
-	 * insert after "prev"
-	 */
-	new->next = prev->next;
-	prev->next = new;
+	fscanf(filep, "%d", &first_cpu);
+	fclose(filep);
+	return (cpu == first_cpu);
 }
 
-void alloc_new_counters(int pkg, int core, int cpu)
+/*
+ * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
+ * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
+ */
+int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
 {
-	struct counters *new;
-
-	if (verbose > 1)
-		printf("pkg%d core%d, cpu%d\n", pkg, core, cpu);
-
-	new = (struct counters *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct counters));
-	if (new == NULL) {
-		perror("calloc");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	new->pkg = pkg;
-	new->core = core;
-	new->cpu = cpu;
-	insert_counters(&cnt_odd, new);
-
-	new = (struct counters *)calloc(1,
-		sizeof(struct counters));
-	if (new == NULL) {
-		perror("calloc");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	new->pkg = pkg;
-	new->core = core;
-	new->cpu = cpu;
-	insert_counters(&cnt_even, new);
-
-	new = (struct counters *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct counters));
-	if (new == NULL) {
-		perror("calloc");
-		exit(1);
-	}
-	new->pkg = pkg;
-	new->core = core;
-	new->cpu = cpu;
-	insert_counters(&cnt_delta, new);
+	char path[64];
+	FILE *filep;
+	int first_cpu;
 
-	new = (struct counters *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct counters));
-	if (new == NULL) {
-		perror("calloc");
+	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
+	filep = fopen(path, "r");
+	if (filep == NULL) {
+		perror(path);
 		exit(1);
 	}
-	new->pkg = pkg;
-	new->core = core;
-	new->cpu = cpu;
-	cnt_average = new;
+	fscanf(filep, "%d", &first_cpu);
+	fclose(filep);
+	return (cpu == first_cpu);
 }
 
 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
 {
-	char path[64];
+	char path[80];
 	FILE *filep;
 	int pkg;
 
@@ -768,7 +803,7 @@ int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
 
 int get_core_id(int cpu)
 {
-	char path[64];
+	char path[80];
 	FILE *filep;
 	int core;
 
@@ -783,14 +818,87 @@ int get_core_id(int cpu)
 	return core;
 }
 
+int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
+{
+	char path[80];
+	FILE *filep;
+	int sib1, sib2;
+	int matches;
+	char character;
+
+	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
+	filep = fopen(path, "r");
+	if (filep == NULL) {
+		perror(path);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * file format:
+	 * if a pair of number with a character between: 2 siblings (eg. 1-2, or 1,4)
+	 * otherwinse 1 sibling (self).
+	 */
+	matches = fscanf(filep, "%d%c%d\n", &sib1, &character, &sib2);
+
+	fclose(filep);
+
+	if (matches == 3)
+		return 2;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
 /*
- * run func(pkg, core, cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
+ * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
+ * skip non-present cpus
  */
 
-int for_all_cpus(void (func)(int, int, int))
+int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
+	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
+	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
+	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
+	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
+	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
+{
+	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
+
+	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
+		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
+			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
+				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
+				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
+				struct core_data *c, *c2;
+				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
+
+				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
+
+				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
+					continue;
+
+				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
+
+				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
+				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
+
+				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
+				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
+
+				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
+				if (retval)
+					return retval;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
+ * return max_cpu number
+ */
+int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
 {
 	FILE *fp;
-	int cpu_count;
+	int cpu_num;
 	int retval;
 
 	fp = fopen(proc_stat, "r");
@@ -805,78 +913,88 @@ int for_all_cpus(void (func)(int, int, int))
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
-	for (cpu_count = 0; ; cpu_count++) {
-		int cpu;
-
-		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu);
+	while (1) {
+		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
 		if (retval != 1)
 			break;
 
-		func(get_physical_package_id(cpu), get_core_id(cpu), cpu);
+		retval = func(cpu_num);
+		if (retval) {
+			fclose(fp);
+			return(retval);
+		}
 	}
 	fclose(fp);
-	return cpu_count;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 void re_initialize(void)
 {
-	free_all_counters();
-	num_cpus = for_all_cpus(alloc_new_counters);
-	cpu_mask_uninit();
-	cpu_mask_init(num_cpus);
-	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", num_cpus);
+	free_all_buffers();
+	setup_all_buffers();
+	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
 }
 
-void dummy(int pkg, int core, int cpu) { return; }
+
 /*
- * check to see if a cpu came on-line
+ * count_cpus()
+ * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
  */
-int verify_num_cpus(void)
+int count_cpus(int cpu)
 {
-	int new_num_cpus;
+	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
+		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
 
-	new_num_cpus = for_all_cpus(dummy);
-
-	if (new_num_cpus != num_cpus) {
-		if (verbose)
-			printf("num_cpus was %d, is now  %d\n",
-				num_cpus, new_num_cpus);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	topo.num_cpus += 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
+{
+	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 void turbostat_loop()
 {
+	int retval;
+
 restart:
-	get_counters(cnt_even);
+	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
+	if (retval) {
+		re_initialize();
+		goto restart;
+	}
 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
 
 	while (1) {
-		if (verify_num_cpus()) {
+		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
 			re_initialize();
 			goto restart;
 		}
 		sleep(interval_sec);
-		if (get_counters(cnt_odd)) {
+		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
+		if (retval) {
 			re_initialize();
 			goto restart;
 		}
 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
-		compute_delta(cnt_odd, cnt_even, cnt_delta);
 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
-		compute_average(cnt_delta, cnt_average);
-		print_counters(cnt_delta);
+		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
+		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
+		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
+		flush_stdout();
 		sleep(interval_sec);
-		if (get_counters(cnt_even)) {
+		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
+		if (retval) {
 			re_initialize();
 			goto restart;
 		}
 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
-		compute_delta(cnt_even, cnt_odd, cnt_delta);
 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
-		compute_average(cnt_delta, cnt_average);
-		print_counters(cnt_delta);
+		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS);
+		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
+		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
+		flush_stdout();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1051,6 +1169,208 @@ int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+void topology_probe()
+{
+	int i;
+	int max_core_id = 0;
+	int max_package_id = 0;
+	int max_siblings = 0;
+	struct cpu_topology {
+		int core_id;
+		int physical_package_id;
+	} *cpus;
+
+	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
+	topo.num_cpus = 0;
+	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
+	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
+	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
+		show_cpu = 1;
+
+	if (verbose > 1)
+		fprintf(stderr, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
+
+	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
+	if (cpus == NULL) {
+		perror("calloc cpus");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
+	 */
+	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
+	if (cpu_present_set == NULL) {
+		perror("CPU_ALLOC");
+		exit(3);
+	}
+	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
+	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
+	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
+	 */
+	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
+	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL) {
+		perror("CPU_ALLOC");
+		exit(3);
+	}
+	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
+	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
+
+
+	/*
+	 * For online cpus
+	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
+		int siblings;
+
+		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
+			if (verbose > 1)
+				fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
+			continue;
+		}
+		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
+		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
+			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
+
+		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
+		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
+			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
+
+		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
+		if (siblings > max_siblings)
+			max_siblings = siblings;
+		if (verbose > 1)
+			fprintf(stderr, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
+				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
+	}
+	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
+	if (verbose > 1)
+		fprintf(stderr, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
+			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
+	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
+		show_core = 1;
+
+	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
+	if (verbose > 1)
+		fprintf(stderr, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
+			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
+	if (!summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
+		show_pkg = 1;
+
+	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
+	if (verbose > 1)
+		fprintf(stderr, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
+
+	free(cpus);
+}
+
+void
+allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
+		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
+	if (*t == NULL)
+		goto error;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
+		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
+		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
+
+	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
+		sizeof(struct core_data));
+	if (*c == NULL)
+		goto error;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
+		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
+
+	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
+	if (*p == NULL)
+		goto error;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
+		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
+
+	return;
+error:
+	perror("calloc counters");
+	exit(1);
+}
+/*
+ * init_counter()
+ *
+ * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
+ * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
+ *
+ * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
+ */
+void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
+	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
+	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
+{
+	struct thread_data *t;
+	struct core_data *c;
+	struct pkg_data *p;
+
+	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
+	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
+	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
+
+	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
+	if (thread_num == 0) {
+		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
+		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
+			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
+	}
+
+	c->core_id = core_num;
+	p->package_id = pkg_num;
+}
+
+
+int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
+{
+	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
+
+	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
+	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
+
+	if (cpu_is_first_sibling_in_core(cpu_id)) {
+		my_thread_id = 0;
+		topo.num_cores++;
+	} else {
+		my_thread_id = 1;
+	}
+
+	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
+	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void allocate_output_buffer()
+{
+	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 128);
+	outp = output_buffer;
+	if (outp == NULL) {
+		perror("calloc");
+		exit(-1);
+	}
+}
+
+void setup_all_buffers(void)
+{
+	topology_probe();
+	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
+	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
+	allocate_output_buffer();
+	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
+}
 void turbostat_init()
 {
 	check_cpuid();
@@ -1058,21 +1378,19 @@ void turbostat_init()
 	check_dev_msr();
 	check_super_user();
 
-	num_cpus = for_all_cpus(alloc_new_counters);
-	cpu_mask_init(num_cpus);
+	setup_all_buffers();
 
 	if (verbose)
-		print_nehalem_info();
+		print_verbose_header();
 }
 
 int fork_it(char **argv)
 {
-	int retval;
 	pid_t child_pid;
-	get_counters(cnt_even);
 
-        /* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
-        sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
+	for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
+	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
+	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
 
 	child_pid = fork();
@@ -1095,14 +1413,17 @@ int fork_it(char **argv)
 			exit(1);
 		}
 	}
-	get_counters(cnt_odd);
+	/*
+	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
+	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
+	 */
+	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
-	retval = compute_delta(cnt_odd, cnt_even, cnt_delta);
-
 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
-	compute_average(cnt_delta, cnt_average);
-	if (!retval)
-		print_counters(cnt_delta);
+	for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
+	compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
+	format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
+	flush_stderr();
 
 	fprintf(stderr, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
 
@@ -1115,8 +1436,14 @@ void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	progname = argv[0];
 
-	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "+svi:M:")) != -1) {
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "+cpsvi:M:")) != -1) {
 		switch (opt) {
+		case 'c':
+			show_core_only++;
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			show_pkg_only++;
+			break;
 		case 's':
 			summary_only++;
 			break;
@@ -1142,10 +1469,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	cmdline(argc, argv);
 
 	if (verbose > 1)
-		fprintf(stderr, "turbostat Dec 6, 2010"
+		fprintf(stderr, "turbostat v2.0 May 16, 2012"
 			" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
-	if (verbose > 1)
-		fprintf(stderr, "http://userweb.kernel.org/~lenb/acpi/utils/pmtools/turbostat/\n");
 
 	turbostat_init();
 
