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[1/2] ARM: boot: Explain the 8 nops

Message ID 20190709130301.1916-1-linus.walleij@linaro.org (mailing list archive)
State Mainlined
Commit 20699a42c020289e31afe33ff0909acdc5ca1350
Headers show
Series [1/2] ARM: boot: Explain the 8 nops | expand

Commit Message

Linus Walleij July 9, 2019, 1:03 p.m. UTC
This was unclear to me until Russell explained the obvious
that 8 nops are added to offset an a.out image. Reading
git history reveals that thumb kernels first removed the
nops and then kept 7 of them (the last instruction being
a switch to thumb mode) as it turns out that some boot
loaders were using this as a "patch area". Also the magic
numbers after the initial nops and the jump of course
need to stay in the same offset for kernel file
detection.

Make the code easier to understand with a comment.

Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Cc: Roy Franz <roy.franz@cavium.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
---
 arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
index e59d14679fb0..544450c90673 100644
--- a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
+++ b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
@@ -153,6 +153,18 @@ 
  AR_CLASS(	.arm	)
 start:
 		.type	start,#function
+		/*
+		 * These 7 nops along with the 1 nop immediately below for
+		 * !THUMB2 form 8 nops that make the compressed kernel bootable
+		 * on legacy ARM systems that were assuming the kernel in a.out
+		 * binary format. The boot loaders on these systems would
+		 * jump 32 bytes into the image to skip the a.out header.
+		 * with these 8 nops filling exactly 32 bytes, things still
+		 * work as expected on these legacy systems. Thumb2 mode keeps
+		 * 7 of the nops as it turns out that some boot loaders
+		 * were patching the initial instructions of the kernel, i.e
+		 * had started to exploit this "patch area".
+		 */
 		.rept	7
 		__nop
 		.endr