From patchwork Tue Apr 20 06:17:21 2021 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: =?utf-8?b?Smlhbmp1biBXYW5nICjnjovlu7rlhpsp?= X-Patchwork-Id: 12213367 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-13.9 required=3.0 tests=BAYES_00,DKIMWL_WL_HIGH, DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID,HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS,INCLUDES_CR_TRAILER, INCLUDES_PATCH,MAILING_LIST_MULTI,SPF_HELO_NONE,SPF_PASS,UNPARSEABLE_RELAY, UNWANTED_LANGUAGE_BODY,USER_AGENT_GIT autolearn=unavailable autolearn_force=no version=3.4.0 Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.99]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1A402C433B4 for ; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 06:20:45 +0000 (UTC) Received: from desiato.infradead.org (desiato.infradead.org [90.155.92.199]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 7594C6127C for ; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 06:20:44 +0000 (UTC) DMARC-Filter: OpenDMARC Filter v1.3.2 mail.kernel.org 7594C6127C Authentication-Results: mail.kernel.org; dmarc=fail (p=none dis=none) header.from=mediatek.com Authentication-Results: mail.kernel.org; spf=none smtp.mailfrom=linux-arm-kernel-bounces+linux-arm-kernel=archiver.kernel.org@lists.infradead.org DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=lists.infradead.org; s=desiato.20200630; h=Sender:Content-Transfer-Encoding :Content-Type:List-Subscribe:List-Help:List-Post:List-Archive: List-Unsubscribe:List-Id:MIME-Version:References:In-Reply-To:Message-ID:Date: Subject:CC:To:From:Reply-To:Content-ID:Content-Description:Resent-Date: Resent-From:Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc:Resent-Message-ID:List-Owner; bh=Tb7iRFS5tucKVZL8c3Ez0QUqN/wVixWV7Z4CG7xSHZM=; b=HzUrF566ilzsgykPWXlwkh0Kj 4vsHQ3QL7kTN9uwxMsutyrES3mP42FfoEw845zfLJllKYa+LAQF5FJmn9+QfDHgfF9bjB4rOlQQ+D UhU3B25Tvv/8iH+mIMlLq6338WcmWqns6faw59K9yEbW+6GQGQYaiQXfBy5eHrlgM4xEjOzMO3b14 B0++g+LDwiiUp7hg1oKKThWDqX34kv1LGh2POpOtMShUPQB61oRxulThiZHRMvY4GYEJo40a1r3e1 zmpeUv/Wxbz6jri8mcXLbFMhpH6TaSpcj8PC64TOMsdpKVCNDHNmZFxR8fdhDIlAK3RkXhZJInHqW G7HfgsQ+w==; Received: from localhost ([::1] helo=desiato.infradead.org) by desiato.infradead.org with esmtp (Exim 4.94 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1lYjiL-00BJ7p-Pc; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 06:18:25 +0000 Received: from bombadil.infradead.org ([2607:7c80:54:e::133]) by desiato.infradead.org with esmtps (Exim 4.94 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1lYjht-00BJ3I-Vt; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 06:17:58 +0000 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=infradead.org; s=bombadil.20210309; h=Content-Transfer-Encoding: Content-Type:MIME-Version:References:In-Reply-To:Message-ID:Date:Subject:CC: To:From:Sender:Reply-To:Content-ID:Content-Description; bh=MYfEJ4t8CcB8KAvHWa4HHMiyVp/yRMUB7IhmoZFiAzo=; b=MyhhYK6Ou6s5n93oOT9cj1U3T5 VVN9/TYbELFcKqKKAlTV4g26R9BK7acqzhE0wbOAcNWUSnI7HmLba8PeqqnGa0PBMHEgOXL+PBBsa 0hhCz2Xod8P3KRdxC5zmwDSiDF0o5RprUNNDFuzuS9l9Fc3z3f/HjvRvArsb+ibHg1HBFonireRTK blAmSQkgzisjH3mxgaFmE59XYipbJcDgqigyjAHTlWyXPZv0PY4FPoyoLV7ZYYvNuiaaUomNUz1Uk bFEFSwwpvqg7Yq2PARrSaHWX0BFsLPtj6rOcbnHoTy42YIRf/ThzhSIBVYLhfeTpNPJJdyw+bs5QO 6+7gelZw==; Received: from mailgw02.mediatek.com ([216.200.240.185]) by bombadil.infradead.org with esmtps (Exim 4.94 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1lYjho-00Bq3S-Tu; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 06:17:56 +0000 X-UUID: 982d06dd489d446e8a1476ee37fb16df-20210419 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=mediatek.com; s=dk; h=Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-Type:MIME-Version:References:In-Reply-To:Message-ID:Date:Subject:CC:To:From; bh=MYfEJ4t8CcB8KAvHWa4HHMiyVp/yRMUB7IhmoZFiAzo=; b=DxTbnS9asQWWN+fnm+KuiuEeX/H8qt7+VxDmJdF8j5AYy8/muw7qxrYmOgP/90qGZXE1DdE87riN+1Vb3xQTyWV4rRXtckqcELr/zEhRWBhQIKuwUfOPzrpj2QkqIrY1XdEnShf8zfN3LgKX5sAsvXx3XjVYLDJ6slQ76P4ORHs=; X-UUID: 982d06dd489d446e8a1476ee37fb16df-20210419 Received: from mtkcas67.mediatek.inc [(172.29.193.45)] by mailgw02.mediatek.com (envelope-from ) (musrelay.mediatek.com ESMTP with TLSv1.2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 256/256) with ESMTP id 1299632682; Mon, 19 Apr 2021 23:17:49 -0700 Received: from mtkmbs05n1.mediatek.inc (172.21.101.15) by MTKMBS62N1.mediatek.inc (172.29.193.41) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 15.0.1497.2; Mon, 19 Apr 2021 23:17:47 -0700 Received: from mtkcas10.mediatek.inc (172.21.101.39) by mtkmbs05n1.mediatek.inc (172.21.101.15) with Microsoft SMTP Server (TLS) id 15.0.1497.2; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 14:17:45 +0800 Received: from localhost.localdomain (10.17.3.153) by mtkcas10.mediatek.inc (172.21.101.73) with Microsoft SMTP Server id 15.0.1497.2 via Frontend Transport; Tue, 20 Apr 2021 14:17:44 +0800 From: Jianjun Wang To: Bjorn Helgaas , Rob Herring , Marc Zyngier , Lorenzo Pieralisi , Ryder Lee CC: Philipp Zabel , Matthias Brugger , , , , , , Jianjun Wang , , , , , , , , Krzysztof Wilczyski , =?utf-8?q?Pali_Roh=C3=A1r?= Subject: [PATCH v10 5/7] PCI: mediatek-gen3: Add MSI support Date: Tue, 20 Apr 2021 14:17:21 +0800 Message-ID: <20210420061723.989-6-jianjun.wang@mediatek.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.18.0 In-Reply-To: <20210420061723.989-1-jianjun.wang@mediatek.com> References: <20210420061723.989-1-jianjun.wang@mediatek.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-MTK: N X-CRM114-Version: 20100106-BlameMichelson ( TRE 0.8.0 (BSD) ) MR-646709E3 X-CRM114-CacheID: sfid-20210419_231753_003654_6A97117A X-CRM114-Status: GOOD ( 21.90 ) X-BeenThere: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.34 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Sender: "linux-arm-kernel" Errors-To: linux-arm-kernel-bounces+linux-arm-kernel=archiver.kernel.org@lists.infradead.org Add MSI support for MediaTek Gen3 PCIe controller. This PCIe controller supports up to 256 MSI vectors, the MSI hardware block diagram is as follows: +-----+ | GIC | +-----+ ^ | port->irq | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7| (PCIe intc) +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ ^ ^ ^ | | ... | +-------+ +------+ +-----------+ | | | +-+-+---+--+--+ +-+-+---+--+--+ +-+-+---+--+--+ |0|1|...|30|31| |0|1|...|30|31| |0|1|...|30|31| (MSI sets) +-+-+---+--+--+ +-+-+---+--+--+ +-+-+---+--+--+ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ | | | | | | | | | | | | (MSI vectors) | | | | | | | | | | | | (MSI SET0) (MSI SET1) ... (MSI SET7) With 256 MSI vectors supported, the MSI vectors are composed of 8 sets, each set has its own address for MSI message, and supports 32 MSI vectors to generate interrupt. Signed-off-by: Jianjun Wang Acked-by: Ryder Lee Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier --- drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mediatek-gen3.c | 276 ++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 276 insertions(+) diff --git a/drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mediatek-gen3.c b/drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mediatek-gen3.c index ff91ad587461..ee1b51207d11 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mediatek-gen3.c +++ b/drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mediatek-gen3.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -48,12 +49,29 @@ #define PCIE_LINK_STATUS_REG 0x154 #define PCIE_PORT_LINKUP BIT(8) +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM 8 +#define PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET 32 +#define PCIE_MSI_IRQS_NUM \ + (PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET * PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM) + #define PCIE_INT_ENABLE_REG 0x180 +#define PCIE_MSI_ENABLE GENMASK(PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM + 8 - 1, 8) +#define PCIE_MSI_SHIFT 8 #define PCIE_INTX_SHIFT 24 #define PCIE_INTX_ENABLE \ GENMASK(PCIE_INTX_SHIFT + PCI_NUM_INTX - 1, PCIE_INTX_SHIFT) #define PCIE_INT_STATUS_REG 0x184 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_REG 0x190 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE GENMASK(PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM - 1, 0) + +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_BASE_REG 0xc00 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_OFFSET 0x10 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_STATUS_OFFSET 0x04 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET 0x08 + +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_ADDR_HI_BASE 0xc80 +#define PCIE_MSI_SET_ADDR_HI_OFFSET 0x04 #define PCIE_TRANS_TABLE_BASE_REG 0x800 #define PCIE_ATR_SRC_ADDR_MSB_OFFSET 0x4 @@ -73,6 +91,16 @@ #define PCIE_ATR_TLP_TYPE_MEM PCIE_ATR_TLP_TYPE(0) #define PCIE_ATR_TLP_TYPE_IO PCIE_ATR_TLP_TYPE(2) +/** + * struct mtk_msi_set - MSI information for each set + * @base: IO mapped register base + * @msg_addr: MSI message address + */ +struct mtk_msi_set { + void __iomem *base; + phys_addr_t msg_addr; +}; + /** * struct mtk_pcie_port - PCIe port information * @dev: pointer to PCIe device @@ -86,6 +114,11 @@ * @irq: PCIe controller interrupt number * @irq_lock: lock protecting IRQ register access * @intx_domain: legacy INTx IRQ domain + * @msi_domain: MSI IRQ domain + * @msi_bottom_domain: MSI IRQ bottom domain + * @msi_sets: MSI sets information + * @lock: lock protecting IRQ bit map + * @msi_irq_in_use: bit map for assigned MSI IRQ */ struct mtk_pcie_port { struct device *dev; @@ -100,6 +133,11 @@ struct mtk_pcie_port { int irq; raw_spinlock_t irq_lock; struct irq_domain *intx_domain; + struct irq_domain *msi_domain; + struct irq_domain *msi_bottom_domain; + struct mtk_msi_set msi_sets[PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM]; + struct mutex lock; + DECLARE_BITMAP(msi_irq_in_use, PCIE_MSI_IRQS_NUM); }; /** @@ -196,6 +234,35 @@ static int mtk_pcie_set_trans_table(struct mtk_pcie_port *port, return 0; } +static void mtk_pcie_enable_msi(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) +{ + int i; + u32 val; + + for (i = 0; i < PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM; i++) { + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = &port->msi_sets[i]; + + msi_set->base = port->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_BASE_REG + + i * PCIE_MSI_SET_OFFSET; + msi_set->msg_addr = port->reg_base + PCIE_MSI_SET_BASE_REG + + i * PCIE_MSI_SET_OFFSET; + + /* Configure the MSI capture address */ + writel_relaxed(lower_32_bits(msi_set->msg_addr), msi_set->base); + writel_relaxed(upper_32_bits(msi_set->msg_addr), + port->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ADDR_HI_BASE + + i * PCIE_MSI_SET_ADDR_HI_OFFSET); + } + + val = readl_relaxed(port->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_REG); + val |= PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE; + writel_relaxed(val, port->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_REG); + + val = readl_relaxed(port->base + PCIE_INT_ENABLE_REG); + val |= PCIE_MSI_ENABLE; + writel_relaxed(val, port->base + PCIE_INT_ENABLE_REG); +} + static int mtk_pcie_startup_port(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) { struct resource_entry *entry; @@ -247,6 +314,8 @@ static int mtk_pcie_startup_port(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) return err; } + mtk_pcie_enable_msi(port); + /* Set PCIe translation windows */ resource_list_for_each_entry(entry, &host->windows) { struct resource *res = entry->res; @@ -289,6 +358,147 @@ static int mtk_pcie_set_affinity(struct irq_data *data, return -EINVAL; } +static void mtk_pcie_msi_irq_mask(struct irq_data *data) +{ + pci_msi_mask_irq(data); + irq_chip_mask_parent(data); +} + +static void mtk_pcie_msi_irq_unmask(struct irq_data *data) +{ + pci_msi_unmask_irq(data); + irq_chip_unmask_parent(data); +} + +static struct irq_chip mtk_msi_irq_chip = { + .irq_ack = irq_chip_ack_parent, + .irq_mask = mtk_pcie_msi_irq_mask, + .irq_unmask = mtk_pcie_msi_irq_unmask, + .name = "MSI", +}; + +static struct msi_domain_info mtk_msi_domain_info = { + .flags = (MSI_FLAG_USE_DEF_DOM_OPS | MSI_FLAG_USE_DEF_CHIP_OPS | + MSI_FLAG_PCI_MSIX | MSI_FLAG_MULTI_PCI_MSI), + .chip = &mtk_msi_irq_chip, +}; + +static void mtk_compose_msi_msg(struct irq_data *data, struct msi_msg *msg) +{ + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = irq_data_get_irq_chip_data(data); + struct mtk_pcie_port *port = data->domain->host_data; + unsigned long hwirq; + + hwirq = data->hwirq % PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + + msg->address_hi = upper_32_bits(msi_set->msg_addr); + msg->address_lo = lower_32_bits(msi_set->msg_addr); + msg->data = hwirq; + dev_dbg(port->dev, "msi#%#lx address_hi %#x address_lo %#x data %d\n", + hwirq, msg->address_hi, msg->address_lo, msg->data); +} + +static void mtk_msi_bottom_irq_ack(struct irq_data *data) +{ + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = irq_data_get_irq_chip_data(data); + unsigned long hwirq; + + hwirq = data->hwirq % PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + + writel_relaxed(BIT(hwirq), msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_STATUS_OFFSET); +} + +static void mtk_msi_bottom_irq_mask(struct irq_data *data) +{ + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = irq_data_get_irq_chip_data(data); + struct mtk_pcie_port *port = data->domain->host_data; + unsigned long hwirq, flags; + u32 val; + + hwirq = data->hwirq % PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + + raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&port->irq_lock, flags); + val = readl_relaxed(msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET); + val &= ~BIT(hwirq); + writel_relaxed(val, msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET); + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->irq_lock, flags); +} + +static void mtk_msi_bottom_irq_unmask(struct irq_data *data) +{ + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = irq_data_get_irq_chip_data(data); + struct mtk_pcie_port *port = data->domain->host_data; + unsigned long hwirq, flags; + u32 val; + + hwirq = data->hwirq % PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + + raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&port->irq_lock, flags); + val = readl_relaxed(msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET); + val |= BIT(hwirq); + writel_relaxed(val, msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET); + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->irq_lock, flags); +} + +static struct irq_chip mtk_msi_bottom_irq_chip = { + .irq_ack = mtk_msi_bottom_irq_ack, + .irq_mask = mtk_msi_bottom_irq_mask, + .irq_unmask = mtk_msi_bottom_irq_unmask, + .irq_compose_msi_msg = mtk_compose_msi_msg, + .irq_set_affinity = mtk_pcie_set_affinity, + .name = "MSI", +}; + +static int mtk_msi_bottom_domain_alloc(struct irq_domain *domain, + unsigned int virq, unsigned int nr_irqs, + void *arg) +{ + struct mtk_pcie_port *port = domain->host_data; + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set; + int i, hwirq, set_idx; + + mutex_lock(&port->lock); + + hwirq = bitmap_find_free_region(port->msi_irq_in_use, PCIE_MSI_IRQS_NUM, + order_base_2(nr_irqs)); + + mutex_unlock(&port->lock); + + if (hwirq < 0) + return -ENOSPC; + + set_idx = hwirq / PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + msi_set = &port->msi_sets[set_idx]; + + for (i = 0; i < nr_irqs; i++) + irq_domain_set_info(domain, virq + i, hwirq + i, + &mtk_msi_bottom_irq_chip, msi_set, + handle_edge_irq, NULL, NULL); + + return 0; +} + +static void mtk_msi_bottom_domain_free(struct irq_domain *domain, + unsigned int virq, unsigned int nr_irqs) +{ + struct mtk_pcie_port *port = domain->host_data; + struct irq_data *data = irq_domain_get_irq_data(domain, virq); + + mutex_lock(&port->lock); + + bitmap_release_region(port->msi_irq_in_use, data->hwirq, + order_base_2(nr_irqs)); + + mutex_unlock(&port->lock); + + irq_domain_free_irqs_common(domain, virq, nr_irqs); +} + +static const struct irq_domain_ops mtk_msi_bottom_domain_ops = { + .alloc = mtk_msi_bottom_domain_alloc, + .free = mtk_msi_bottom_domain_free, +}; + static void mtk_intx_mask(struct irq_data *data) { struct mtk_pcie_port *port = irq_data_get_irq_chip_data(data); @@ -357,6 +567,7 @@ static int mtk_pcie_init_irq_domains(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) { struct device *dev = port->dev; struct device_node *intc_node, *node = dev->of_node; + int ret; raw_spin_lock_init(&port->irq_lock); @@ -374,7 +585,34 @@ static int mtk_pcie_init_irq_domains(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) return -ENODEV; } + /* Setup MSI */ + mutex_init(&port->lock); + + port->msi_bottom_domain = irq_domain_add_linear(node, PCIE_MSI_IRQS_NUM, + &mtk_msi_bottom_domain_ops, port); + if (!port->msi_bottom_domain) { + dev_err(dev, "failed to create MSI bottom domain\n"); + ret = -ENODEV; + goto err_msi_bottom_domain; + } + + port->msi_domain = pci_msi_create_irq_domain(dev->fwnode, + &mtk_msi_domain_info, + port->msi_bottom_domain); + if (!port->msi_domain) { + dev_err(dev, "failed to create MSI domain\n"); + ret = -ENODEV; + goto err_msi_domain; + } + return 0; + +err_msi_domain: + irq_domain_remove(port->msi_bottom_domain); +err_msi_bottom_domain: + irq_domain_remove(port->intx_domain); + + return ret; } static void mtk_pcie_irq_teardown(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) @@ -384,9 +622,39 @@ static void mtk_pcie_irq_teardown(struct mtk_pcie_port *port) if (port->intx_domain) irq_domain_remove(port->intx_domain); + if (port->msi_domain) + irq_domain_remove(port->msi_domain); + + if (port->msi_bottom_domain) + irq_domain_remove(port->msi_bottom_domain); + irq_dispose_mapping(port->irq); } +static void mtk_pcie_msi_handler(struct mtk_pcie_port *port, int set_idx) +{ + struct mtk_msi_set *msi_set = &port->msi_sets[set_idx]; + unsigned long msi_enable, msi_status; + unsigned int virq; + irq_hw_number_t bit, hwirq; + + msi_enable = readl_relaxed(msi_set->base + PCIE_MSI_SET_ENABLE_OFFSET); + + do { + msi_status = readl_relaxed(msi_set->base + + PCIE_MSI_SET_STATUS_OFFSET); + msi_status &= msi_enable; + if (!msi_status) + break; + + for_each_set_bit(bit, &msi_status, PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET) { + hwirq = bit + set_idx * PCIE_MSI_IRQS_PER_SET; + virq = irq_find_mapping(port->msi_bottom_domain, hwirq); + generic_handle_irq(virq); + } + } while (true); +} + static void mtk_pcie_irq_handler(struct irq_desc *desc) { struct mtk_pcie_port *port = irq_desc_get_handler_data(desc); @@ -405,6 +673,14 @@ static void mtk_pcie_irq_handler(struct irq_desc *desc) generic_handle_irq(virq); } + irq_bit = PCIE_MSI_SHIFT; + for_each_set_bit_from(irq_bit, &status, PCIE_MSI_SET_NUM + + PCIE_MSI_SHIFT) { + mtk_pcie_msi_handler(port, irq_bit - PCIE_MSI_SHIFT); + + writel_relaxed(BIT(irq_bit), port->base + PCIE_INT_STATUS_REG); + } + chained_irq_exit(irqchip, desc); }