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Tue, 07 Feb 2023 10:22:09 -0800 (PST) Received: from revest.zrh.corp.google.com ([2a00:79e0:9d:6:5307:c0c0:ff97:80de]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id n6-20020a05600c4f8600b003daf672a616sm15578369wmq.22.2023.02.07.10.22.08 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Tue, 07 Feb 2023 10:22:09 -0800 (PST) From: Florent Revest To: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org, bpf@vger.kernel.org Cc: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, rostedt@goodmis.org, mhiramat@kernel.org, mark.rutland@arm.com, ast@kernel.org, daniel@iogearbox.net, andrii@kernel.org, kpsingh@kernel.org, jolsa@kernel.org, xukuohai@huaweicloud.com, lihuafei1@huawei.com, Xu Kuohai , Florent Revest Subject: [PATCH v2 06/10] ftrace: selftest: remove broken trace_direct_tramp Date: Tue, 7 Feb 2023 19:21:31 +0100 Message-Id: <20230207182135.2671106-7-revest@chromium.org> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.39.1.519.gcb327c4b5f-goog In-Reply-To: <20230207182135.2671106-1-revest@chromium.org> References: <20230207182135.2671106-1-revest@chromium.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-CRM114-Version: 20100106-BlameMichelson ( TRE 0.8.0 (BSD) ) MR-646709E3 X-CRM114-CacheID: sfid-20230207_102213_771877_0E01D4BF X-CRM114-Status: GOOD ( 20.50 ) X-BeenThere: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.34 Precedence: list List-Id: List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Sender: "linux-arm-kernel" Errors-To: linux-arm-kernel-bounces+linux-arm-kernel=archiver.kernel.org@lists.infradead.org From: Mark Rutland The ftrace selftest code has a trace_direct_tramp() function which it uses as a direct call trampoline. This happens to work on x86, since the direct call's return address is in the usual place, and can be returned to via a RET, but in general the calling convention for direct calls is different from regular function calls, and requires a trampoline written in assembly. On s390, regular function calls place the return address in %r14, and an ftrace patch-site in an instrumented function places the trampoline's return address (which is within the instrumented function) in %r0, preserving the original %r14 value in-place. As a regular C function will return to the address in %r14, using a C function as the trampoline results in the trampoline returning to the caller of the instrumented function, skipping the body of the instrumented function. Note that the s390 issue is not detcted by the ftrace selftest code, as the instrumented function is trivial, and returning back into the caller happens to be equivalent. On arm64, regular function calls place the return address in x30, and an ftrace patch-site in an instrumented function saves this into r9 and places the trampoline's return address (within the instrumented function) in x30. A regular C function will return to the address in x30, but will not restore x9 into x30. Consequently, using a C function as the trampoline results in returning to the trampoline's return address having corrupted x30, such that when the instrumented function returns, it will return back into itself. To avoid future issues in this area, remove the trace_direct_tramp() function, and require that each architecture with direct calls provides a stub trampoline, named ftrace_stub_direct_tramp. This can be written to handle the architecture's trampoline calling convention, and in future could be used elsewhere (e.g. in the ftrace ops sample, to measure the overhead of direct calls), so we may as well always build it in. Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Cc: Li Huafei Cc: Xu Kuohai Cc: Steven Rostedt (Google) Cc: Florent Revest Signed-off-by: Florent Revest --- arch/s390/kernel/mcount.S | 5 +++++ arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S | 5 +++++ arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S | 4 ++++ include/linux/ftrace.h | 2 ++ kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c | 15 ++------------- 5 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/s390/kernel/mcount.S b/arch/s390/kernel/mcount.S index 4786bfe02144..ad13a0e2c307 100644 --- a/arch/s390/kernel/mcount.S +++ b/arch/s390/kernel/mcount.S @@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ ENTRY(ftrace_stub) BR_EX %r14 ENDPROC(ftrace_stub) +SYM_CODE_START(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) + lgr %r1, %r0 + BR_EX %r1 +SYM_CODE_END(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) + .macro ftrace_regs_entry, allregs=0 stg %r14,(__SF_GPRS+8*8)(%r15) # save traced function caller diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S index a0ed0e4a2c0c..0d9a14528176 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S @@ -163,6 +163,11 @@ SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_call, SYM_L_GLOBAL) jmp .Lftrace_ret SYM_CODE_END(ftrace_regs_caller) +SYM_FUNC_START(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) + CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT + RET +SYM_FUNC_END(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) + #ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER SYM_CODE_START(ftrace_graph_caller) pushl %eax diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S index 1265ad519249..8fc77e3e039c 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S @@ -307,6 +307,10 @@ SYM_INNER_LABEL(ftrace_regs_caller_end, SYM_L_GLOBAL) SYM_FUNC_END(ftrace_regs_caller) STACK_FRAME_NON_STANDARD_FP(ftrace_regs_caller) +SYM_FUNC_START(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) + CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT + RET +SYM_FUNC_END(ftrace_stub_direct_tramp) #else /* ! CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */ diff --git a/include/linux/ftrace.h b/include/linux/ftrace.h index cabb40146da9..48b13bb888bf 100644 --- a/include/linux/ftrace.h +++ b/include/linux/ftrace.h @@ -412,6 +412,8 @@ int unregister_ftrace_direct(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned long addr); int modify_ftrace_direct(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned long addr); int modify_ftrace_direct_nolock(struct ftrace_ops *ops, unsigned long addr); +void ftrace_stub_direct_tramp(void); + #else struct ftrace_ops; # define ftrace_direct_func_count 0 diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c b/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c index 06218fc9374b..e6530b7b42e4 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c +++ b/kernel/trace/trace_selftest.c @@ -784,17 +784,6 @@ static struct fgraph_ops fgraph_ops __initdata = { .retfunc = &trace_graph_return, }; -#ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_DIRECT_CALLS -#ifndef CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT -#define CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT "" -#endif - -noinline __noclone static void trace_direct_tramp(void) -{ - asm(CALL_DEPTH_ACCOUNT); -} -#endif - /* * Pretty much the same than for the function tracer from which the selftest * has been borrowed. @@ -875,7 +864,7 @@ trace_selftest_startup_function_graph(struct tracer *trace, */ ftrace_set_filter_ip(&direct, (unsigned long)DYN_FTRACE_TEST_NAME, 0, 0); ret = register_ftrace_direct(&direct, - (unsigned long)trace_direct_tramp); + (unsigned long)ftrace_stub_direct_tramp); if (ret) goto out; @@ -896,7 +885,7 @@ trace_selftest_startup_function_graph(struct tracer *trace, unregister_ftrace_graph(&fgraph_ops); ret = unregister_ftrace_direct(&direct, - (unsigned long)trace_direct_tramp); + (unsigned long)ftrace_stub_direct_tramp); if (ret) goto out;