From patchwork Fri Nov 19 11:36:30 2021 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Alejandro Colomar X-Patchwork-Id: 12628731 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.99]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D07EDC433EF for ; Fri, 19 Nov 2021 11:37:23 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B6157611C0 for ; Fri, 19 Nov 2021 11:37:22 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S235173AbhKSLkU (ORCPT ); Fri, 19 Nov 2021 06:40:20 -0500 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:48376 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S235132AbhKSLkP (ORCPT ); Fri, 19 Nov 2021 06:40:15 -0500 Received: from mail-wr1-x42f.google.com (mail-wr1-x42f.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:4864:20::42f]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id ED24FC061574; Fri, 19 Nov 2021 03:37:13 -0800 (PST) Received: by mail-wr1-x42f.google.com with SMTP id i5so17695058wrb.2; Fri, 19 Nov 2021 03:37:13 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20210112; h=from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=hkN8e1ZLr/E9Obb/Epqq8vU9VMvAAyNISm7vrsSj8AY=; b=QZM2oo/jcKnn1pIsVjCBj4s61xO6pH1xn3fhVvIkc9Zc7nVHxw0ivlgoIB4gMKk3IX 9ZmCyBDIPo2eTppCriswlijccXP7jQQSDn4f6DKhyBZZgzka2RLazLQLKBdSriJQj1uH rES6NRRr+sWYkBGKzd15Kz8SYdrq1zsKsV95gEPbCPf1hKMurYqcqG8H6zEgSHLHPN27 PHJ38q84mGq+O91VewzX/BBrEHnPUfv8SJyPHUFWa/XVmEuyK3KIVw6VNNWCzZm7cgeY 4pGdAAuyR2B7wAgeoVFsydye/uN+adAy7si/LEXgLPjQyQgSgu2nVqUfavI9O4hwLI02 bT8A== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20210112; h=x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:in-reply-to :references:mime-version:content-transfer-encoding; bh=hkN8e1ZLr/E9Obb/Epqq8vU9VMvAAyNISm7vrsSj8AY=; b=qcarcX4C4cfRpzpMpgM/cddNvuzF4ij03pgXrsXkb65MH0qzTBKbVEoEItK7TbY5/W EuT4Fuo4ioZTpgfMzQTT5pjsxCTJ+rCccngejPIvTrVHF7+t+/MTMnm/ed3UE9A8yelo 4xxtdnsT/X4dhhHfoHZwplPZZiWdmp/VkVLZXHPBwH/AVU0Y2TBm0iApJGw1Ex2XJvfy NvDDutr8P2F52TPYCJKCSb+6imHYMejXtyy/hNuxJp0rxtVCiKL7xwd7FCvGfCv6b5Eb xxDzMK5xYTDmcXMkl7huwmpvfJHsmBqZ3MkzBUadNWQgFwNxbPX3gGK00rMQuDLIGJgo LDtA== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM530umMAgRlAuYk11vrQxkZkovbIK30bC9RDNRfAbpO3XnKQYo0U/ mXsQzgnzuPZl9YoVIbZ4e+kZzkvTaywFGQ== X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJyZK0aQB+BJa7bQw9zJSpEyGYZOfMsUEbOsTPd4Rlvu1SA7AI+CGW1aYtaSFDUtCWz87QKo5A== X-Received: by 2002:a05:6000:156a:: with SMTP id 10mr6503928wrz.87.1637321832427; Fri, 19 Nov 2021 03:37:12 -0800 (PST) Received: from ady1.alejandro-colomar.es ([170.253.36.171]) by smtp.googlemail.com with ESMTPSA id f15sm3361260wmg.30.2021.11.19.03.37.09 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Fri, 19 Nov 2021 03:37:11 -0800 (PST) From: Alejandro Colomar To: LKML Cc: Alejandro Colomar , Ajit Khaparde , Andrew Morton , Andy Shevchenko , Arnd Bergmann , Bjorn Andersson , Borislav Petkov , Corey Minyard , Chris Mason , Christian Brauner , David Sterba , Jani Nikula , Jason Wang , Jitendra Bhivare , John Hubbard , "John S . Gruber" , Jonathan Cameron , Joonas Lahtinen , Josef Bacik , Kees Cook , Ketan Mukadam , Len Brown , "Michael S. Tsirkin" , Miguel Ojeda , Mike Rapoport , Nick Desaulniers , "Rafael J. Wysocki" , Rasmus Villemoes , Rodrigo Vivi , Russell King , Somnath Kotur , Sriharsha Basavapatna , Subbu Seetharaman , intel-gfx@lists.freedesktop.org, linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org, linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org, netdev@vger.kernel.org, virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org Subject: [PATCH 02/17] Use memberof(T, m) instead of explicit NULL dereference Date: Fri, 19 Nov 2021 12:36:30 +0100 Message-Id: <20211119113644.1600-3-alx.manpages@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.33.1 In-Reply-To: <20211119113644.1600-1-alx.manpages@gmail.com> References: <20211119113644.1600-1-alx.manpages@gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar Cc: Ajit Khaparde Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Andy Shevchenko Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Bjorn Andersson Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Corey Minyard Cc: Chris Mason Cc: Christian Brauner Cc: David Sterba Cc: Jani Nikula Cc: Jason Wang Cc: Jitendra Bhivare Cc: John Hubbard Cc: John S. Gruber Cc: Jonathan Cameron Cc: Joonas Lahtinen Cc: Josef Bacik Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Ketan Mukadam Cc: Len Brown Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" Cc: Miguel Ojeda Cc: Mike Rapoport Cc: Nick Desaulniers Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" Cc: Rasmus Villemoes Cc: Rodrigo Vivi Cc: Russell King Cc: Somnath Kotur Cc: Sriharsha Basavapatna Cc: Subbu Seetharaman Cc: Cc: Cc: Cc: Cc: Cc: Cc: --- arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam_utils.h | 3 ++- arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c | 5 +++-- drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_utils.h | 5 ++--- drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_runtime_pm.h | 2 +- drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h | 7 ++++--- drivers/net/ethernet/i825xx/ether1.c | 7 +++++-- drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be.h | 7 ++++--- drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be_cmds.h | 5 ++++- fs/btrfs/ctree.h | 5 +++-- include/acpi/actypes.h | 4 +++- include/linux/container_of.h | 6 +++--- include/linux/virtio_config.h | 14 +++++++------- 12 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam_utils.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam_utils.h index 981fe923a59f..71b28b5fb088 100644 --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam_utils.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/bootparam_utils.h @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ #define _ASM_X86_BOOTPARAM_UTILS_H #include +#include /* * This file is included from multiple environments. Do not @@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ * private magic, so it is better to leave it unchanged. */ -#define sizeof_mbr(type, member) ({ sizeof(((type *)0)->member); }) +#define sizeof_mbr(type, member) ({ sizeof(memberof(type, member)); }) #define BOOT_PARAM_PRESERVE(struct_member) \ { \ diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c index b52407c56000..28420a7df056 100644 --- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 #include +#include #include #include @@ -69,8 +70,8 @@ static inline void signal_compat_build_tests(void) * structure stays within the padding size (checked * above). */ -#define CHECK_CSI_SIZE(name, size) BUILD_BUG_ON(size != sizeof(((compat_siginfo_t *)0)->_sifields.name)) -#define CHECK_SI_SIZE(name, size) BUILD_BUG_ON(size != sizeof(((siginfo_t *)0)->_sifields.name)) +#define CHECK_CSI_SIZE(name, size) BUILD_BUG_ON(size != sizeof(memberof(compat_siginfo_t ,_sifields.name))) +#define CHECK_SI_SIZE(name, size) BUILD_BUG_ON(size != sizeof(memberof(siginfo_t, _sifields.name))) CHECK_CSI_OFFSET(_kill); CHECK_CSI_SIZE (_kill, 2*sizeof(int)); diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_utils.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_utils.h index 7a5925072466..2e3ec28f4f1b 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_utils.h +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_utils.h @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ #ifndef __I915_UTILS_H #define __I915_UTILS_H +#include #include #include #include @@ -192,8 +193,6 @@ __check_struct_size(size_t base, size_t arr, size_t count, size_t *size) #define page_pack_bits(ptr, bits) ptr_pack_bits(ptr, bits, PAGE_SHIFT) #define page_unpack_bits(ptr, bits) ptr_unpack_bits(ptr, bits, PAGE_SHIFT) -#define struct_member(T, member) (((T *)0)->member) - #define ptr_offset(ptr, member) offsetof(typeof(*(ptr)), member) #define fetch_and_zero(ptr) ({ \ @@ -215,7 +214,7 @@ static __always_inline ptrdiff_t ptrdiff(const void *a, const void *b) */ #define container_of_user(ptr, type, member) ({ \ void __user *__mptr = (void __user *)(ptr); \ - BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(ptr), struct_member(type, member)) && \ + BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(ptr), memberof(type, member)) && \ !__same_type(*(ptr), void), \ "pointer type mismatch in container_of()"); \ ((type __user *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); }) diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_runtime_pm.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_runtime_pm.h index 47a85fab4130..6cb04bef62ad 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_runtime_pm.h +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_runtime_pm.h @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ struct intel_runtime_pm { }; #define BITS_PER_WAKEREF \ - BITS_PER_TYPE(struct_member(struct intel_runtime_pm, wakeref_count)) + BITS_PER_TYPE(memberof(struct intel_runtime_pm, wakeref_count)) #define INTEL_RPM_WAKELOCK_SHIFT (BITS_PER_WAKEREF / 2) #define INTEL_RPM_WAKELOCK_BIAS (1 << INTEL_RPM_WAKELOCK_SHIFT) #define INTEL_RPM_RAW_WAKEREF_MASK (INTEL_RPM_WAKELOCK_BIAS - 1) diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h b/drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h index 8689d4a51fe5..dc790bae2451 100644 --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/emulex/benet/be.h @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #ifndef BE_H #define BE_H +#include #include #include #include @@ -824,7 +825,7 @@ extern const struct ethtool_ops be_ethtool_ops; /* Returns bit offset within a DWORD of a bitfield */ #define AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field) \ - (((size_t)&(((_struct *)0)->field))%32) + (((size_t)&(memberof(_struct, field)))%32) /* Returns the bit mask of the field that is NOT shifted into location. */ static inline u32 amap_mask(u32 bitsize) @@ -843,7 +844,7 @@ amap_set(void *ptr, u32 dw_offset, u32 mask, u32 offset, u32 value) #define AMAP_SET_BITS(_struct, field, ptr, val) \ amap_set(ptr, \ offsetof(_struct, field)/32, \ - amap_mask(sizeof(((_struct *)0)->field)), \ + amap_mask(sizeof(memberof(_struct, field))), \ AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field), \ val) @@ -856,7 +857,7 @@ static inline u32 amap_get(void *ptr, u32 dw_offset, u32 mask, u32 offset) #define AMAP_GET_BITS(_struct, field, ptr) \ amap_get(ptr, \ offsetof(_struct, field)/32, \ - amap_mask(sizeof(((_struct *)0)->field)), \ + amap_mask(sizeof(memberof(_struct, field))), \ AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field)) #define GET_RX_COMPL_V0_BITS(field, ptr) \ diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/i825xx/ether1.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/i825xx/ether1.c index c612ef526d16..4dece3476d31 100644 --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/i825xx/ether1.c +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/i825xx/ether1.c @@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ * 1.07 RMK 13/05/2000 Updated for 2.3.99-pre8 */ +#include #include #include #include @@ -80,8 +81,10 @@ static char version[] = "ether1 ethernet driver (c) 2000 Russell King v1.07\n"; #define DISABLEIRQS 1 #define NORMALIRQS 0 -#define ether1_readw(dev, addr, type, offset, svflgs) ether1_inw_p (dev, addr + (int)(&((type *)0)->offset), svflgs) -#define ether1_writew(dev, val, addr, type, offset, svflgs) ether1_outw_p (dev, val, addr + (int)(&((type *)0)->offset), svflgs) +#define ether1_readw(dev, addr, type, offset, svflgs) \ + ether1_inw_p(dev, addr + (int)(&(memberof(type, offset))), svflgs) +#define ether1_writew(dev, val, addr, type, offset, svflgs) \ + ether1_outw_p(dev, val, addr + (int)(&(memberof(type, offset))), svflgs) static inline unsigned short ether1_inw_p (struct net_device *dev, int addr, int svflgs) diff --git a/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be.h b/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be.h index 4c58a02590c7..6830e07fd37a 100644 --- a/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be.h +++ b/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be.h @@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ #ifndef BEISCSI_H #define BEISCSI_H +#include #include #include #include @@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ struct be_ctrl_info { /* Returns bit offset within a DWORD of a bitfield */ #define AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field) \ - (((size_t)&(((_struct *)0)->field))%32) + (((size_t)&(memberof(_struct, field)))%32) /* Returns the bit mask of the field that is NOT shifted into location. */ static inline u32 amap_mask(u32 bitsize) @@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ static inline void amap_set(void *ptr, u32 dw_offset, u32 mask, #define AMAP_SET_BITS(_struct, field, ptr, val) \ amap_set(ptr, \ offsetof(_struct, field)/32, \ - amap_mask(sizeof(((_struct *)0)->field)), \ + amap_mask(sizeof(memberof(_struct, field))), \ AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field), \ val) @@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ static inline u32 amap_get(void *ptr, u32 dw_offset, u32 mask, u32 offset) #define AMAP_GET_BITS(_struct, field, ptr) \ amap_get(ptr, \ offsetof(_struct, field)/32, \ - amap_mask(sizeof(((_struct *)0)->field)), \ + amap_mask(sizeof(memberof(_struct, field))), \ AMAP_BIT_OFFSET(_struct, field)) #define be_dws_cpu_to_le(wrb, len) swap_dws(wrb, len) diff --git a/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be_cmds.h b/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be_cmds.h index 5f9f0b18ddf3..bb6ee43769d5 100644 --- a/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be_cmds.h +++ b/drivers/scsi/be2iscsi/be_cmds.h @@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ #ifndef BEISCSI_CMDS_H #define BEISCSI_CMDS_H + +#include + /** * The driver sends configuration and managements command requests to the * firmware in the BE. These requests are communicated to the processor @@ -1300,7 +1303,7 @@ struct be_cmd_get_port_name { /* Returns the number of items in the field array. */ #define BE_NUMBER_OF_FIELD(_type_, _field_) \ - (sizeof_field(_type_, _field_)/sizeof((((_type_ *)0)->_field_[0])))\ + (sizeof_field(_type_, _field_) / sizeof(memberof(_type_, _field_[0]))) /** * Different types of iSCSI completions to host driver for both initiator diff --git a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h index 7553e9dc5f93..442b6f937b22 100644 --- a/fs/btrfs/ctree.h +++ b/fs/btrfs/ctree.h @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ #ifndef BTRFS_CTREE_H #define BTRFS_CTREE_H +#include #include #include #include @@ -1575,13 +1576,13 @@ static inline void put_unaligned_le8(u8 val, void *p) read_extent_buffer(eb, (char *)(result), \ ((unsigned long)(ptr)) + \ offsetof(type, member), \ - sizeof(((type *)0)->member))) + sizeof(memberof(type, member)))) #define write_eb_member(eb, ptr, type, member, result) (\ write_extent_buffer(eb, (char *)(result), \ ((unsigned long)(ptr)) + \ offsetof(type, member), \ - sizeof(((type *)0)->member))) + sizeof(memberof(type, member)))) #define DECLARE_BTRFS_SETGET_BITS(bits) \ u##bits btrfs_get_token_##bits(struct btrfs_map_token *token, \ diff --git a/include/acpi/actypes.h b/include/acpi/actypes.h index ff8b3c913f21..c3b0eccb3377 100644 --- a/include/acpi/actypes.h +++ b/include/acpi/actypes.h @@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ #ifndef __ACTYPES_H__ #define __ACTYPES_H__ +#include + /* acpisrc:struct_defs -- for acpisrc conversion */ /* @@ -508,7 +510,7 @@ typedef u64 acpi_integer; #define ACPI_TO_POINTER(i) ACPI_CAST_PTR (void, (acpi_size) (i)) #define ACPI_TO_INTEGER(p) ACPI_PTR_DIFF (p, (void *) 0) -#define ACPI_OFFSET(d, f) ACPI_PTR_DIFF (&(((d *) 0)->f), (void *) 0) +#define ACPI_OFFSET(d, f) ACPI_PTR_DIFF (&(memberof(d, f)), (void *) 0) #define ACPI_PHYSADDR_TO_PTR(i) ACPI_TO_POINTER(i) #define ACPI_PTR_TO_PHYSADDR(i) ACPI_TO_INTEGER(i) diff --git a/include/linux/container_of.h b/include/linux/container_of.h index 199c78a3bf29..227418cb8c99 100644 --- a/include/linux/container_of.h +++ b/include/linux/container_of.h @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ #define memberof(T, m) (((T *) NULL)->m) -#define typeof_member(T, m) typeof(((T*)0)->m) +#define typeof_member(T, m) typeof(memberof(T, m)) /** * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ */ #define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \ void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr); \ - static_assert(__same_type(*(ptr), ((type *)0)->member) || \ + static_assert(__same_type(*(ptr), memberof(type, member)) || \ __same_type(*(ptr), void), \ "pointer type mismatch in container_of()"); \ ((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member))); }) @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ */ #define container_of_safe(ptr, type, member) ({ \ void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr); \ - static_assert(__same_type(*(ptr), ((type *)0)->member) || \ + static_assert(__same_type(*(ptr), memberof(type, member)) || \ __same_type(*(ptr), void), \ "pointer type mismatch in container_of_safe()"); \ IS_ERR_OR_NULL(__mptr) ? ERR_CAST(__mptr) : \ diff --git a/include/linux/virtio_config.h b/include/linux/virtio_config.h index 4d107ad31149..a1e656c0d94a 100644 --- a/include/linux/virtio_config.h +++ b/include/linux/virtio_config.h @@ -328,12 +328,12 @@ static inline __virtio64 cpu_to_virtio64(struct virtio_device *vdev, u64 val) ) #define __virtio_native_type(structname, member) \ - typeof(virtio_to_cpu(NULL, ((structname*)0)->member)) + typeof(virtio_to_cpu(NULL, memberof(structname, member))) /* Config space accessors. */ #define virtio_cread(vdev, structname, member, ptr) \ do { \ - typeof(((structname*)0)->member) virtio_cread_v; \ + typeof(memberof(structname, member)) virtio_cread_v; \ \ might_sleep(); \ /* Sanity check: must match the member's type */ \ @@ -362,8 +362,8 @@ static inline __virtio64 cpu_to_virtio64(struct virtio_device *vdev, u64 val) /* Config space accessors. */ #define virtio_cwrite(vdev, structname, member, ptr) \ do { \ - typeof(((structname*)0)->member) virtio_cwrite_v = \ - cpu_to_virtio(vdev, *(ptr), ((structname*)0)->member); \ + typeof(memberof(structname, member)) virtio_cwrite_v = \ + cpu_to_virtio(vdev, *(ptr), memberof(structname, member)); \ \ might_sleep(); \ /* Sanity check: must match the member's type */ \ @@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ static inline __virtio64 cpu_to_virtio64(struct virtio_device *vdev, u64 val) /* LE (e.g. modern) Config space accessors. */ #define virtio_cread_le(vdev, structname, member, ptr) \ do { \ - typeof(((structname*)0)->member) virtio_cread_v; \ + typeof(memberof(structname, member)) virtio_cread_v; \ \ might_sleep(); \ /* Sanity check: must match the member's type */ \ @@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ static inline __virtio64 cpu_to_virtio64(struct virtio_device *vdev, u64 val) #define virtio_cwrite_le(vdev, structname, member, ptr) \ do { \ - typeof(((structname*)0)->member) virtio_cwrite_v = \ - virtio_cpu_to_le(*(ptr), ((structname*)0)->member); \ + typeof(memberof(structname, member)) virtio_cwrite_v = \ + virtio_cpu_to_le(*(ptr), memberof(structname, member)); \ \ might_sleep(); \ /* Sanity check: must match the member's type */ \