new file mode 100644
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef _LINUX_ERRSEQ_H
+#define _LINUX_ERRSEQ_H
+
+/* See lib/errseq.c for more info */
+
+typedef u32 errseq_t;
+
+void __errseq_set(errseq_t *eseq, int err);
+static inline void errseq_set(errseq_t *eseq, int err)
+{
+ /* Optimize for the common case of no error */
+ if (unlikely(err))
+ __errseq_set(eseq, err);
+}
+
+errseq_t errseq_sample(errseq_t *eseq);
+int errseq_check(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t since);
+int errseq_check_and_advance(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t *since);
+#endif
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ obj-y += bcd.o div64.o sort.o parser.o debug_locks.o random32.o \
gcd.o lcm.o list_sort.o uuid.o flex_array.o iov_iter.o clz_ctz.o \
bsearch.o find_bit.o llist.o memweight.o kfifo.o \
percpu-refcount.o percpu_ida.o rhashtable.o reciprocal_div.o \
- once.o refcount.o usercopy.o
+ once.o refcount.o usercopy.o errseq.o
obj-y += string_helpers.o
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_STRING_HELPERS) += test-string_helpers.o
obj-y += hexdump.o
new file mode 100644
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <linux/errseq.h>
+
+/*
+ * An errseq_t is a way of recording errors in one place, and allowing any
+ * number of "subscribers" to tell whether it has changed since a previous
+ * point where it was sampled.
+ *
+ * It's implemented as an unsigned 32-bit value. The low order bits are
+ * designated to hold an error code (between 0 and -MAX_ERRNO). The upper bits
+ * are used as a counter. This is done with atomics instead of locking so that
+ * these functions can be called from any context.
+ *
+ * The general idea is for consumers to sample an errseq_t value. That value
+ * can later be used to tell whether any new errors have occurred since that
+ * sampling was done.
+ *
+ * Note that there is a risk of collisions if new errors are being recorded
+ * frequently, since we have so few bits to use as a counter.
+ *
+ * To mitigate this, one bit is used as a flag to tell whether the value has
+ * been sampled since a new value was recorded. That allows us to avoid bumping
+ * the counter if no one has sampled it since the last time an error was
+ * recorded.
+ *
+ * A new errseq_t should always be zeroed out. A errseq_t value of all zeroes
+ * is the special (but common) case where there has never been an error. An all
+ * zero value thus serves as the "epoch" if one wishes to know whether there
+ * has ever been an error set since it was first initialized.
+ */
+
+/* The low bits are designated for error code (max of MAX_ERRNO) */
+#define ERRSEQ_SHIFT ilog2(MAX_ERRNO + 1)
+
+/* This bit is used as a flag to indicate whether the value has been seen */
+#define ERRSEQ_SEEN (1 << ERRSEQ_SHIFT)
+
+/* The lowest bit of the counter */
+#define ERRSEQ_CTR_INC (1 << (ERRSEQ_SHIFT + 1))
+
+/**
+ * __errseq_set - set a errseq_t for later reporting
+ * @eseq: errseq_t field that should be set
+ * @err: error to set
+ *
+ * This function sets the error in *eseq, and increments the sequence counter
+ * if the last sequence was sampled at some point in the past.
+ *
+ * Any error set will always overwrite an existing error.
+ *
+ * Most callers will want to use the errseq_set inline wrapper to efficiently
+ * handle the common case where err is 0.
+ */
+void __errseq_set(errseq_t *eseq, int err)
+{
+ errseq_t old;
+
+ /* MAX_ERRNO must be able to serve as a mask */
+ BUILD_BUG_ON_NOT_POWER_OF_2(MAX_ERRNO + 1);
+
+ /*
+ * Ensure the error code actually fits where we want it to go. If it
+ * doesn't then just throw a warning and don't record anything. We
+ * also don't accept zero here as that would effectively clear a
+ * previous error.
+ */
+ if (WARN(unlikely(err == 0 || (unsigned int)-err > MAX_ERRNO),
+ "err = %d\n", err))
+ return;
+
+ old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
+ for (;;) {
+ errseq_t new, cur;
+
+ /* Clear out error bits and set new error */
+ new = (old & ~(MAX_ERRNO|ERRSEQ_SEEN)) | -err;
+
+ /* Only increment if someone has looked at it */
+ if (old & ERRSEQ_SEEN)
+ new += ERRSEQ_CTR_INC;
+
+ /* If there would be no change, then call it done */
+ if (new == old)
+ break;
+
+ /* Try to swap the new value into place */
+ cur = cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
+
+ /*
+ * Call it success if we did the swap or someone else beat us
+ * to it for the same value.
+ */
+ if (likely(cur == old || cur == new))
+ break;
+
+ /* Raced with an update, try again */
+ old = cur;
+ }
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__errseq_set);
+
+/**
+ * errseq_sample - grab current errseq_t value
+ * @eseq: pointer to errseq_t to be sampled
+ *
+ * This function allows callers to sample an errseq_t value, marking it as
+ * "seen" if required.
+ */
+errseq_t errseq_sample(errseq_t *eseq)
+{
+ errseq_t old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
+ errseq_t new = old;
+
+ /*
+ * For the common case of no errors ever having been set, we can skip
+ * marking the SEEN bit. Once an error has been set, the value will
+ * never go back to zero.
+ */
+ if (old != 0) {
+ new |= ERRSEQ_SEEN;
+ if (old != new)
+ cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
+ }
+ return new;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_sample);
+
+/**
+ * errseq_check - has an error occurred since a particular sample point?
+ * @eseq: pointer to errseq_t value to be checked
+ * @since: previously-sampled errseq_t from which to check
+ *
+ * Grab the value that eseq points to, and see if it has changed "since"
+ * the given value was sampled. The "since" value is not advanced, so there
+ * is no need to mark the value as seen.
+ *
+ * Returns the latest error set in the errseq_t or 0 if it hasn't changed.
+ */
+int errseq_check(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t since)
+{
+ errseq_t cur = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
+
+ if (likely(cur == since))
+ return 0;
+ return -(cur & MAX_ERRNO);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_check);
+
+/**
+ * errseq_check_and_advance - check an errseq_t and advance it to the current value
+ * @eseq: pointer to value being checked and reported
+ * @since: pointer to previously-sampled errseq_t to check against and advance
+ *
+ * Grab the eseq value, and see whether it matches the value that "since"
+ * points to. If it does, then just return 0.
+ *
+ * If it doesn't, then the value has changed. Set the "seen" flag, and try to
+ * swap it into place as the new eseq value. Then, set that value as the new
+ * "since" value, and return whatever the error portion is set to.
+ *
+ * Note that no locking is provided here for concurrent updates to the "since"
+ * value. The caller must provide that if necessary. Because of this, callers
+ * may want to do a lockless errseq_check before taking the lock and calling
+ * this.
+ */
+int errseq_check_and_advance(errseq_t *eseq, errseq_t *since)
+{
+ int err = 0;
+ errseq_t old, new;
+
+ /*
+ * Most callers will want to use the inline wrapper to check this,
+ * so that the common case of no error is handled without needing
+ * to take the lock that protects the "since" value.
+ */
+ old = READ_ONCE(*eseq);
+ if (old != *since) {
+ /*
+ * Set the flag and try to swap it into place if it has
+ * changed.
+ *
+ * We don't care about the outcome of the swap here. If the
+ * swap doesn't occur, then it has either been updated by a
+ * writer who is altering the value in some way (updating
+ * counter or resetting the error), or another reader who is
+ * just setting the "seen" flag. Either outcome is OK, and we
+ * can advance "since" and return an error based on what we
+ * have.
+ */
+ new = old | ERRSEQ_SEEN;
+ if (new != old)
+ cmpxchg(eseq, old, new);
+ *since = new;
+ err = -(new & MAX_ERRNO);
+ }
+ return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(errseq_check_and_advance);