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Mon, 8 Aug 2022 06:26:20 GMT Received: from b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id A21C478064; Mon, 8 Aug 2022 06:26:20 +0000 (GMT) Received: from b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (unknown [127.0.0.1]) by IMSVA (Postfix) with ESMTP id B79337805E; Mon, 8 Aug 2022 06:26:14 +0000 (GMT) Received: from skywalker.ibmuc.com (unknown [9.43.19.76]) by b03ledav004.gho.boulder.ibm.com (Postfix) with ESMTP; Mon, 8 Aug 2022 06:26:14 +0000 (GMT) From: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" To: linux-mm@kvack.org, akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: Wei Xu , Huang Ying , Yang Shi , Davidlohr Bueso , Tim C Chen , Michal Hocko , Linux Kernel Mailing List , Hesham Almatary , Dave Hansen , Jonathan Cameron , Alistair Popple , Dan Williams , Johannes Weiner , jvgediya.oss@gmail.com, "Aneesh Kumar K.V" Subject: [PATCH v13 1/9] mm/demotion: Add support for explicit memory tiers Date: Mon, 8 Aug 2022 11:55:53 +0530 Message-Id: <20220808062601.836025-2-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.37.1 In-Reply-To: <20220808062601.836025-1-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> References: <20220808062601.836025-1-aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 X-TM-AS-GCONF: 00 X-Proofpoint-GUID: WqncfFwssIDCdVqaZcdNSLzaCzhajT1n X-Proofpoint-ORIG-GUID: vKSGt2pVpfnMD2333Es8mImpDQ8lNvD5 X-Proofpoint-Virus-Version: vendor=baseguard engine=ICAP:2.0.205,Aquarius:18.0.883,Hydra:6.0.517,FMLib:17.11.122.1 definitions=2022-08-08_03,2022-08-05_01,2022-06-22_01 X-Proofpoint-Spam-Details: rule=outbound_notspam policy=outbound score=0 malwarescore=0 impostorscore=0 bulkscore=0 adultscore=0 lowpriorityscore=0 spamscore=0 clxscore=1015 suspectscore=0 mlxlogscore=999 mlxscore=0 priorityscore=1501 phishscore=0 classifier=spam adjust=0 reason=mlx scancount=1 engine=8.12.0-2206140000 definitions=main-2208080031 ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; 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dkim=pass header.d=ibm.com header.s=pp1 header.b="N9wD/wRV"; dmarc=pass (policy=none) header.from=ibm.com; spf=pass (imf05.hostedemail.com: domain of aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com designates 148.163.158.5 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Server: rspam07 X-Stat-Signature: 9k4898iatsc114d4wkmk4in74ahq6scf X-HE-Tag: 1659940000-93596 X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: In the current kernel, memory tiers are defined implicitly via a demotion path relationship between NUMA nodes, which is created during the kernel initialization and updated when a NUMA node is hot-added or hot-removed. The current implementation puts all nodes with CPU into the highest tier, and builds the tier hierarchy by establishing the per-node demotion targets based on the distances between nodes. This current memory tier kernel implementation needs to be improved for several important use cases, The current tier initialization code always initializes each memory-only NUMA node into a lower tier. But a memory-only NUMA node may have a high performance memory device (e.g. a DRAM-backed memory-only node on a virtual machine) that should be put into a higher tier. The current tier hierarchy always puts CPU nodes into the top tier. But on a system with HBM or GPU devices, the memory-only NUMA nodes mapping these devices should be in the top tier, and DRAM nodes with CPUs are better to be placed into the next lower tier. With current kernel higher tier node can only be demoted to nodes with shortest distance on the next lower tier as defined by the demotion path, not any other node from any lower tier. This strict, demotion order does not work in all use cases (e.g. some use cases may want to allow cross-socket demotion to another node in the same demotion tier as a fallback when the preferred demotion node is out of space), This demotion order is also inconsistent with the page allocation fallback order when all the nodes in a higher tier are out of space: The page allocation can fall back to any node from any lower tier, whereas the demotion order doesn't allow that. This patch series address the above by defining memory tiers explicitly. Linux kernel presents memory devices as NUMA nodes and each memory device is of a specific type. The memory type of a device is represented by its abstract distance. A memory tier corresponds to a range of abstract distance. This allows for classifying memory devices with a specific performance range into a memory tier. This patch configures the range/chunk size to be 128. The default DRAM abstract distance is 512. We can have 4 memory tiers below the default DRAM with abstract distance range 0 - 127, 127 - 255, 256- 383, 384 - 511. Faster memory devices can be placed in these faster(higher) memory tiers. Slower memory devices like persistent memory will have abstract distance higher than the default DRAM level. Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V --- include/linux/memory-tiers.h | 15 +++++ mm/Makefile | 1 + mm/memory-tiers.c | 107 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 123 insertions(+) create mode 100644 include/linux/memory-tiers.h create mode 100644 mm/memory-tiers.c diff --git a/include/linux/memory-tiers.h b/include/linux/memory-tiers.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..bc7c1b799bef --- /dev/null +++ b/include/linux/memory-tiers.h @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */ +#ifndef _LINUX_MEMORY_TIERS_H +#define _LINUX_MEMORY_TIERS_H + +/* + * Each tier cover a abstrace distance chunk size of 128 + */ +#define MEMTIER_CHUNK_BITS 7 +#define MEMTIER_CHUNK_SIZE (1 << MEMTIER_CHUNK_BITS) +/* + * Smaller abstract distance value imply faster(higher) memory tiers. + */ +#define MEMTIER_ADISTANCE_DRAM (4 * MEMTIER_CHUNK_SIZE) + +#endif /* _LINUX_MEMORY_TIERS_H */ diff --git a/mm/Makefile b/mm/Makefile index 6f9ffa968a1a..d30acebc2164 100644 --- a/mm/Makefile +++ b/mm/Makefile @@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_KFENCE) += kfence/ obj-$(CONFIG_FAILSLAB) += failslab.o obj-$(CONFIG_MEMTEST) += memtest.o obj-$(CONFIG_MIGRATION) += migrate.o +obj-$(CONFIG_NUMA) += memory-tiers.o obj-$(CONFIG_DEVICE_MIGRATION) += migrate_device.o obj-$(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) += huge_memory.o khugepaged.o obj-$(CONFIG_PAGE_COUNTER) += page_counter.o diff --git a/mm/memory-tiers.c b/mm/memory-tiers.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..78b311d9bde9 --- /dev/null +++ b/mm/memory-tiers.c @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +struct memory_tier { + /* hierarchy of memory tiers */ + struct list_head list; + /* list of all memory types part of this tier */ + struct list_head memory_types; + /* + * start value of abstract distance. memory tier maps + * an abstract distance range, + * adistance_start .. adistance_start + MEMTIER_CHUNK_SIZE + */ + int adistance_start; +}; + +struct memory_dev_type { + /* list of memory types that are part of same tier as this type */ + struct list_head tier_sibiling; + /* abstract distance for this specific memory type */ + int adistance; + /* Nodes of same abstract distance */ + nodemask_t nodes; + struct memory_tier *memtier; +}; + +static DEFINE_MUTEX(memory_tier_lock); +static LIST_HEAD(memory_tiers); +static struct memory_dev_type *node_memory_types[MAX_NUMNODES]; +/* + * For now let's have 4 memory tier below default DRAM tier. + */ +static struct memory_dev_type default_dram_type = { + .adistance = MEMTIER_ADISTANCE_DRAM, + .tier_sibiling = LIST_HEAD_INIT(default_dram_type.tier_sibiling), +}; + +static struct memory_tier *find_create_memory_tier(struct memory_dev_type *memtype) +{ + bool found_slot = false; + struct memory_tier *memtier, *new_memtier; + int adistance = memtype->adistance; + unsigned int memtier_adistance_chunk_size = MEMTIER_CHUNK_SIZE; + + lockdep_assert_held_once(&memory_tier_lock); + + /* + * If the memtype is already part of a memory tier, + * just return that. + */ + if (memtype->memtier) + return memtype->memtier; + + adistance = round_down(adistance, memtier_adistance_chunk_size); + list_for_each_entry(memtier, &memory_tiers, list) { + if (adistance == memtier->adistance_start) { + memtype->memtier = memtier; + list_add(&memtype->tier_sibiling, &memtier->memory_types); + return memtier; + } else if (adistance < memtier->adistance_start) { + found_slot = true; + break; + } + } + + new_memtier = kmalloc(sizeof(struct memory_tier), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!new_memtier) + return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); + + new_memtier->adistance_start = adistance; + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_memtier->list); + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_memtier->memory_types); + if (found_slot) + list_add_tail(&new_memtier->list, &memtier->list); + else + list_add_tail(&new_memtier->list, &memory_tiers); + memtype->memtier = new_memtier; + list_add(&memtype->tier_sibiling, &new_memtier->memory_types); + return new_memtier; +} + +static int __init memory_tier_init(void) +{ + int node; + struct memory_tier *memtier; + + mutex_lock(&memory_tier_lock); + /* CPU only nodes are not part of memory tiers. */ + default_dram_type.nodes = node_states[N_MEMORY]; + + memtier = find_create_memory_tier(&default_dram_type); + if (IS_ERR(memtier)) + panic("%s() failed to register memory tier: %ld\n", + __func__, PTR_ERR(memtier)); + + for_each_node_state(node, N_MEMORY) + node_memory_types[node] = &default_dram_type; + + mutex_unlock(&memory_tier_lock); + + return 0; +} +subsys_initcall(memory_tier_init);