diff --git a/mm/internal.h b/mm/internal.h
index 9826f7dce607..3caee67c0abd 100644
--- a/mm/internal.h
+++ b/mm/internal.h
@@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@ static inline int find_next_best_node(int node, nodemask_t *used_node_mask)
  * mm/memory-failure.c
  */
 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
-void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu);
+int unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, unsigned long pfn, bool must_kill);
 void shake_folio(struct folio *folio);
 extern int hwpoison_filter(struct page *p);
 
@@ -1125,8 +1125,9 @@ unsigned long page_mapped_in_vma(const struct page *page,
 		struct vm_area_struct *vma);
 
 #else
-static inline void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu)
+static inline int unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, unsigned long pfn, bool must_kill);
 {
+	return -EBUSY;
 }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c
index a7b8ccd29b6f..b5212b6e330a 100644
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c
+++ b/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -1556,8 +1556,34 @@ static int get_hwpoison_page(struct page *p, unsigned long flags)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu)
+int unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, unsigned long pfn, bool must_kill)
 {
+	enum ttu_flags ttu = TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_SYNC | TTU_HWPOISON;
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
+		pr_err("%#lx: keeping poisoned page in swap cache\n", pfn);
+		ttu &= ~TTU_HWPOISON;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Propagate the dirty bit from PTEs to struct page first, because we
+	 * need this to decide if we should kill or just drop the page.
+	 * XXX: the dirty test could be racy: set_page_dirty() may not always
+	 * be called inside page lock (it's recommended but not enforced).
+	 */
+	mapping = folio_mapping(folio);
+	if (!must_kill && !folio_test_dirty(folio) && mapping &&
+	    mapping_can_writeback(mapping)) {
+		if (folio_mkclean(folio)) {
+			folio_set_dirty(folio);
+		} else {
+			ttu &= ~TTU_HWPOISON;
+			pr_info("%#lx: corrupted page was clean: dropped without side effects\n",
+				pfn);
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio) && !folio_test_anon(folio)) {
 		struct address_space *mapping;
 
@@ -1572,7 +1598,7 @@ void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu)
 		if (!mapping) {
 			pr_info("%#lx: could not lock mapping for mapped hugetlb folio\n",
 				folio_pfn(folio));
-			return;
+			return -EBUSY;
 		}
 
 		try_to_unmap(folio, ttu|TTU_RMAP_LOCKED);
@@ -1580,6 +1606,8 @@ void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu)
 	} else {
 		try_to_unmap(folio, ttu);
 	}
+
+	return folio_mapped(folio) ? -EBUSY : 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1589,8 +1617,6 @@ void unmap_poisoned_folio(struct folio *folio, enum ttu_flags ttu)
 static bool hwpoison_user_mappings(struct folio *folio, struct page *p,
 		unsigned long pfn, int flags)
 {
-	enum ttu_flags ttu = TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_SYNC | TTU_HWPOISON;
-	struct address_space *mapping;
 	LIST_HEAD(tokill);
 	bool unmap_success;
 	int forcekill;
@@ -1613,29 +1639,6 @@ static bool hwpoison_user_mappings(struct folio *folio, struct page *p,
 	if (!folio_mapped(folio))
 		return true;
 
-	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
-		pr_err("%#lx: keeping poisoned page in swap cache\n", pfn);
-		ttu &= ~TTU_HWPOISON;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Propagate the dirty bit from PTEs to struct page first, because we
-	 * need this to decide if we should kill or just drop the page.
-	 * XXX: the dirty test could be racy: set_page_dirty() may not always
-	 * be called inside page lock (it's recommended but not enforced).
-	 */
-	mapping = folio_mapping(folio);
-	if (!(flags & MF_MUST_KILL) && !folio_test_dirty(folio) && mapping &&
-	    mapping_can_writeback(mapping)) {
-		if (folio_mkclean(folio)) {
-			folio_set_dirty(folio);
-		} else {
-			ttu &= ~TTU_HWPOISON;
-			pr_info("%#lx: corrupted page was clean: dropped without side effects\n",
-				pfn);
-		}
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * First collect all the processes that have the page
 	 * mapped in dirty form.  This has to be done before try_to_unmap,
@@ -1643,9 +1646,7 @@ static bool hwpoison_user_mappings(struct folio *folio, struct page *p,
 	 */
 	collect_procs(folio, p, &tokill, flags & MF_ACTION_REQUIRED);
 
-	unmap_poisoned_folio(folio, ttu);
-
-	unmap_success = !folio_mapped(folio);
+	unmap_success = !unmap_poisoned_folio(folio, pfn, flags & MF_MUST_KILL);
 	if (!unmap_success)
 		pr_err("%#lx: failed to unmap page (folio mapcount=%d)\n",
 		       pfn, folio_mapcount(folio));
diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
index c43b4e7fb298..3de661e57e92 100644
--- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c
+++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c
@@ -1806,7 +1806,8 @@ static void do_migrate_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
 			if (WARN_ON(folio_test_lru(folio)))
 				folio_isolate_lru(folio);
 			if (folio_mapped(folio))
-				unmap_poisoned_folio(folio, TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK);
+				unmap_poisoned_folio(folio, pfn, false);
+
 			continue;
 		}
 
