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[213.113.123.174]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id m132-v6sm3196603lfg.24.2018.10.07.13.49.59 (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 bits=256/256); Sun, 07 Oct 2018 13:49:59 -0700 (PDT) From: Linus Walleij To: "James E . J . Bottomley" , "Martin K . Petersen" , Guenter Roeck Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org, linux-ide@vger.kernel.org, linux-hwmon@vger.kernel.org, smartmontools-support@listi.jpberlin.de, Linus Walleij Subject: [PATCH v5] scsi: Add hwmon support for SMART temperature sensors Date: Sun, 7 Oct 2018 22:49:49 +0200 Message-Id: <20181007204949.19628-1-linus.walleij@linaro.org> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.17.1 Sender: linux-scsi-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org X-Virus-Scanned: ClamAV using ClamSMTP S.M.A.R.T. temperature sensors have been supported for years by userspace tools such as smarttools. This adds support to read it from the kernel and adds a temperature zone for the drive. The temperature readout is however also a good fit for Linux' hwmon subsystem. By adding a hwmon interface to dig out SMART parameters, we can expose the drive temperature as a standard hwmon sensor. The idea came about when experimenting with NAS enclosures that lack their own on-board sensors but instead piggy-back the sensor found in the harddrive, if any, to decide on a policy for driving the on-board fan. The kernel thermal subsystem supports defining a thermal policy for the enclosure using the device tree, see e.g.: arch/arm/boot/dts/gemini-dlink-dns-313.dts but this requires a proper hwmon sensor integrated with the kernel. With this driver, the hard disk temperatur can be read from sysfs: > cd /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0/ > cat temp1_input 38 If the harddrive supports one of the detected vendor extensions for providing min/max temperatures we also provide attributes for displaying that. This means that they can also be handled by userspace tools such as lm_sensors in a uniform way without need for any special tools such as "hddtemp" (which seems dormant). This driver does not block any simultaneous use of other SMART userspace tools, it's a both/and approach, not either/or. Reviewed-by: Guenter Roeck # HWMON Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij --- ChangeLog v4->v5: - Move the whole thing over to drivers/scsi so it can be used with other devices using SCSI as transport more easily. - Rename some functions and variables with scsi_* prefixes rather than ata_* where they are supposed to be generic for any SCSI device, and keep the naming for code that pertains specifically to the ATA slave access method. - Add an enum to struct scsi_device telling what type of SMART interface the device is using, add SCSI_SMART_ATA for libata slave devices. (We can add more.) - I am uncertain if this applies to SAS drives as well, it appears not (Christian Frankes answer) they require a different access method, and I can't test it, so I am currently only setting it up explicitly for ATA slave devices. - Kept Guenter's ACK since the hwmon use didn't change. - Now drive-by-coding in the SCSI subsystem instead of libata, enjoying the ride, let's see where it takes us! ChangeLog v3->v4: - Resend because of new libata maintainer. ChangeLog v2->v3: - Register a thermal zone for the harddrive. - Remove unnecessary else after return. - Collect Guenther's ACK. ChangeLog v1->v2: - Return the error code from scsci_execute() upwards. - Use the .is_visible() callback on the hwmon device to decide whether to display min/max temperature properties or not. - Split out an explicit format detection and reading function, and only detect the temperature format from probe() - Name the hwmon sensor "sd" as per the pattern of other hwmon sensors, this is what userspace expects. - Drop an unnecessary type check. ChangeLog RFC->v1: - Put includes in alphabetical order. - Octal 00444 instead of S_IRUGO - Avoid double negations in temperature range test - Allocate a sector buffer in the state container - Break out the SMART property parser to its own function - Sink error codes into property parser - Drop registration info print - Use return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO() in probe - Make the hwmon device a local variable in probe() - Use Guenthers Kconfig trick to avoid exporting the probe call - Return temperatures in millicelsus - Demote initial temperature to dev_dbg() - Dynamically decide whether to display just temperature or also min/max temperatures depending on what the SMART sensor can provide --- drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c | 2 + drivers/scsi/Kconfig | 13 ++ drivers/scsi/Makefile | 1 + drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.c | 464 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.h | 15 ++ drivers/scsi/scsi_scan.c | 2 + include/scsi/scsi_device.h | 6 + 7 files changed, 503 insertions(+) create mode 100644 drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.c create mode 100644 drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.h diff --git a/drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c b/drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c index 3d4887d0e84a..5485cf08595a 100644 --- a/drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c +++ b/drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c @@ -1346,6 +1346,8 @@ int ata_scsi_slave_config(struct scsi_device *sdev) int rc = 0; ata_scsi_sdev_config(sdev); + /* ATA slaves have specific SMART access methods */ + sdev->smart = SCSI_SMART_ATA; if (dev) rc = ata_scsi_dev_config(sdev, dev); diff --git a/drivers/scsi/Kconfig b/drivers/scsi/Kconfig index 8fc851a9e116..34adbfbe1a15 100644 --- a/drivers/scsi/Kconfig +++ b/drivers/scsi/Kconfig @@ -59,6 +59,19 @@ config SCSI_MQ_DEFAULT If unsure say N. +config SCSI_HWMON + bool "S.M.A.R.T. HWMON support" + depends on (SCSI=m && HWMON) || HWMON=y + help + This options compiles in code to support temperature reading + from a SCSI device using the S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, + Analysis and Reporting Technology) support for temperature + sensors found in some hard drives. The drive will be probed + to figure out if it has a temperature sensor, and if it does + the kernel hardware monitor framework will be utilized to + interact with the sensor. This work orthogonal to any userspace + S.M.A.R.T. access tools. + config SCSI_PROC_FS bool "legacy /proc/scsi/ support" depends on SCSI && PROC_FS diff --git a/drivers/scsi/Makefile b/drivers/scsi/Makefile index 6d71b2a9592b..d087e17cf4ed 100644 --- a/drivers/scsi/Makefile +++ b/drivers/scsi/Makefile @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_PCMCIA) += pcmcia/ obj-$(CONFIG_SCSI) += scsi_mod.o obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_SCSI_REQUEST) += scsi_common.o +obj-$(CONFIG_SCSI_HWMON) += scsi_hwmon.o obj-$(CONFIG_RAID_ATTRS) += raid_class.o diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..35fc283e1e68 --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.c @@ -0,0 +1,464 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* + * Hwmon client for S.M.A.R.T. hard disk drives with temperature + * sensors. + * (C) 2018 Linus Walleij + * + * This code is based on know-how and examples from the + * smartmontools by Bruce Allen, Christian Franke et al. + * (C) 2002-2018 + */ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include "scsi_hwmon.h" + +#define ATA_MAX_SMART_ATTRS 30 +#define SMART_TEMP_PROP_194 194 + +enum ata_temp_format { + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_00_00_00_00, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_00_00, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_LL_HH_00_00_00, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_XX_HH_XX, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_HH_XX_LL_XX, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_CC_CC, + ATA_TEMP_FMT_UNKNOWN, +}; + +/** + * struct scsi_hwmon - device instance state + * @dev: parent device + * @sdev: associated SCSI device + * @tfmt: temperature format + * @smartdata: buffer for reading in the SMART "sector" + */ +struct scsi_hwmon { + struct device *dev; + struct scsi_device *sdev; + enum ata_temp_format tfmt; + u8 smartdata[ATA_SECT_SIZE]; +}; + +static umode_t scsi_hwmon_is_visible(const void *data, + enum hwmon_sensor_types type, + u32 attr, int channel) +{ + const struct scsi_hwmon *shd = data; + + /* + * If we detected a temperature format with min/max temperatures + * we make those attributes visible, else just the temperature + * input per se. + */ + switch (type) { + case hwmon_temp: + switch (attr) { + case hwmon_temp_input: + return 00444; + case hwmon_temp_min: + case hwmon_temp_max: + if (shd->tfmt == ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_00_00_00_00) + return 0; + return 00444; + } + break; + default: + break; + } + return 0; +} + +static int ata_check_temp_word(u16 word) +{ + if (word <= 0x7f) + return 0x11; /* >= 0, signed byte or word */ + if (word <= 0xff) + return 0x01; /* < 0, signed byte */ + if (word > 0xff80) + return 0x10; /* < 0, signed word */ + return 0x00; +} + +static bool ata_check_temp_range(int t, u8 t1, u8 t2) +{ + int lo = (s8)t1; + int hi = (s8)t2; + + /* This is obviously wrong */ + if (lo > hi) + return false; + + /* + * If -60 <= lo <= t <= hi <= 120 and + * and lo != -1 and hi > 0, then we have valid lo and hi + */ + if (-60 <= lo && lo <= t && t <= hi && hi <= 120 + && (lo != -1 && hi > 0)) { + return true; + } + return false; +} + +static void scsi_hwmon_convert_temperatures(struct scsi_hwmon *shd, u8 *raw, + int *t, int *lo, int *hi) +{ + *t = (s8)raw[0]; + + switch (shd->tfmt) { + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_00_00_00_00: + *lo = 0; + *hi = 0; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_00_00: + *lo = (s8)raw[2]; + *hi = (s8)raw[3]; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_LL_HH_00_00_00: + *lo = (s8)raw[1]; + *hi = (s8)raw[2]; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_XX_HH_XX: + *lo = (s8)raw[2]; + *hi = (s8)raw[4]; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_HH_XX_LL_XX: + *lo = (s8)raw[4]; + *hi = (s8)raw[2]; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_CC_CC: + *lo = (s8)raw[2]; + *hi = (s8)raw[3]; + break; + case ATA_TEMP_FMT_UNKNOWN: + *lo = 0; + *hi = 0; + break; + } +} + +static int scsi_hwmon_parse_smartdata(struct scsi_hwmon *shd, + u8 *buf, u8 *raw) +{ + u8 id; + u16 flags; + u8 curr; + u8 worst; + int i; + + /* Loop over SMART attributes */ + for (i = 0; i < ATA_MAX_SMART_ATTRS; i++) { + int j; + + id = buf[2 + i * 12]; + if (!id) + continue; + + /* + * The "current" and "worst" values represent a normalized + * value in the range 0..100 where 0 is "worst" and 100 + * is "best". It does not represent actual temperatures. + * It is probably possible to use vendor-specific code per + * drive to convert this to proper temperatures but we leave + * it out for now. + */ + flags = buf[3 + i * 12] | (buf[4 + i * 12] << 16); + /* Highest temperature since boot */ + curr = buf[5 + i * 12]; + /* Highest temperature ever */ + worst = buf[6 + i * 12]; + for (j = 0; j < 6; j++) + raw[j] = buf[7 + i * 12 + j]; + dev_dbg(shd->dev, "ID: %d, FLAGS: %04x, current %d, worst %d, " + "RAW %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", + id, flags, curr, worst, + raw[0], raw[1], raw[2], raw[3], raw[4], raw[5]); + + if (id == SMART_TEMP_PROP_194) + break; + } + + if (id != SMART_TEMP_PROP_194) + return -ENOTSUPP; + + return 0; +} + +static int scsi_hwmon_read_raw(struct scsi_hwmon *shd, u8 *raw) +{ + u8 scsi_cmd[MAX_COMMAND_SIZE]; + int cmd_result; + struct scsi_sense_hdr sshdr; + u8 *buf = shd->smartdata; + int ret; + u8 csum; + int i; + + /* Send ATA command to read SMART values */ + memset(scsi_cmd, 0, sizeof(scsi_cmd)); + scsi_cmd[0] = ATA_16; + scsi_cmd[1] = (4 << 1); /* PIO Data-in */ + /* + * No off.line or cc, read from dev, block count in sector count + * field. + */ + scsi_cmd[2] = 0x0e; + scsi_cmd[4] = ATA_SMART_READ_VALUES; + scsi_cmd[6] = 1; /* Read 1 sector */ + scsi_cmd[8] = 0; /* args[1]; */ + scsi_cmd[10] = ATA_SMART_LBAM_PASS; + scsi_cmd[12] = ATA_SMART_LBAH_PASS; + scsi_cmd[14] = ATA_CMD_SMART; + + cmd_result = scsi_execute(shd->sdev, scsi_cmd, DMA_FROM_DEVICE, + buf, ATA_SECT_SIZE, + NULL, &sshdr, 10 * HZ, 5, 0, 0, NULL); + if (cmd_result) { + dev_dbg(shd->dev, "error %d reading SMART values from device\n", + cmd_result); + return cmd_result; + } + + /* Checksum the read value table */ + csum = 0; + for (i = 0; i < ATA_SECT_SIZE; i++) + csum += buf[i]; + if (csum) { + dev_dbg(shd->dev, "checksum error reading SMART values\n"); + return -EIO; + } + + /* This will fail with -ENOTSUPP if we don't have temperature */ + ret = scsi_hwmon_parse_smartdata(shd, buf, raw); + if (ret) + return ret; + + return 0; +} + +static int scsi_hwmon_detect_tempformat(struct scsi_hwmon *shd) +{ + u8 raw[6]; + s8 t; + u16 w0, w1, w2; + int ctw0; + int ret; + + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_UNKNOWN; + + /* First read in some raw temperature sensor data */ + ret = scsi_hwmon_read_raw(shd, raw); + if (ret) + return ret; + + /* + * Interpret the RAW temperature data: + * raw[0] is the temperature given as signed u8 on all known drives + * + * Search for possible min/max values + * This algorithm is a modified version from the smartmontools. + * + * [0][1][2][3][4][5] raw[] + * [ 0 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] word[] + * TT xx LL xx HH xx Hitachi/HGST + * TT xx HH xx LL xx Kingston SSDs + * TT xx LL HH 00 00 Maxtor, Samsung, Seagate, Toshiba + * TT LL HH 00 00 00 WDC + * TT xx LL HH CC CC WDC, CCCC=over temperature count + * (xx = 00/ff, possibly sign extension of lower byte) + * + * TODO: detect the 10x temperatures found on some Samsung + * drives. struct scsi_device contains manufacturer and model + * information. + */ + w0 = raw[0] | raw[1] << 16; + w1 = raw[2] | raw[3] << 16; + w2 = raw[4] | raw[5] << 16; + t = (s8)raw[0]; + + /* If this is != 0, then w0 may contain something useful */ + ctw0 = ata_check_temp_word(w0); + + /* This checks variants with zero in [4] [5] */ + if (!w2) { + /* TT xx 00 00 00 00 */ + if (!w1 && ctw0) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_00_00_00_00; + /* TT xx LL HH 00 00 */ + else if (ctw0 && + ata_check_temp_range(t, raw[2], raw[3])) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_00_00; + /* TT LL HH 00 00 00 */ + else if (!raw[3] && + ata_check_temp_range(t, raw[1], raw[2])) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_LL_HH_00_00_00; + else + return -ENOTSUPP; + } else if (ctw0) { + /* + * TT xx LL xx HH xx + * What the expression below does is to check that each word + * formed by [0][1], [2][3], and [4][5] is something little- + * endian s8 or s16 that could be meaningful. + */ + if ((ctw0 & ata_check_temp_word(w1) & ata_check_temp_word(w2)) + != 0x00) + if (ata_check_temp_range(t, raw[2], raw[4])) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_XX_HH_XX; + else if (ata_check_temp_range(t, raw[4], raw[2])) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_HH_XX_LL_XX; + else + return -ENOTSUPP; + /* + * TT xx LL HH CC CC + * Make sure the CC CC word is at least not negative, and that + * the max temperature is something >= 40, then it is probably + * the right format. + */ + else if (w2 < 0x7fff) { + if (ata_check_temp_range(t, raw[2], raw[3]) && + raw[3] >= 40) + shd->tfmt = ATA_TEMP_FMT_TT_XX_LL_HH_CC_CC; + else + return -ENOTSUPP; + } else { + return -ENOTSUPP; + } + } else { + return -ENOTSUPP; + } + + return 0; +} + +static int scsi_hwmon_read_temp(struct scsi_hwmon *shd, int *temp, + int *min, int *max) +{ + u8 raw[6]; + int ret; + + ret = scsi_hwmon_read_raw(shd, raw); + if (ret) + return ret; + + scsi_hwmon_convert_temperatures(shd, raw, temp, min, max); + dev_dbg(shd->dev, "temp = %d, min = %d, max = %d\n", + *temp, *min, *max); + + return 0; +} + +static int scsi_hwmon_read(struct device *dev, enum hwmon_sensor_types type, + u32 attr, int channel, long *val) +{ + struct scsi_hwmon *shd = dev_get_drvdata(dev); + int temp, min = 0, max = 0; + int ret; + + ret = scsi_hwmon_read_temp(shd, &temp, &min, &max); + if (ret) + return ret; + + /* + * Multiply return values by 1000 as hwmon expects millicentigrades + */ + switch (attr) { + case hwmon_temp_input: + *val = temp * 1000; + break; + case hwmon_temp_min: + *val = min * 1000; + break; + case hwmon_temp_max: + *val = max * 1000; + break; + default: + return -EINVAL; + } + + return 0; +} + +static const struct hwmon_ops scsi_hwmon_ops = { + .is_visible = scsi_hwmon_is_visible, + .read = scsi_hwmon_read, +}; + +static const u32 scsi_hwmon_temp_config[] = { + HWMON_T_INPUT | HWMON_T_MIN | HWMON_T_MAX, + 0, +}; + +static const struct hwmon_channel_info scsi_hwmon_temp = { + .type = hwmon_temp, + .config = scsi_hwmon_temp_config, +}; + +static u32 scsi_hwmon_chip_config[] = { + HWMON_C_REGISTER_TZ, + 0 +}; + +static const struct hwmon_channel_info scsi_hwmon_chip = { + .type = hwmon_chip, + .config = scsi_hwmon_chip_config, +}; + +static const struct hwmon_channel_info *scsi_hwmon_info[] = { + &scsi_hwmon_temp, + &scsi_hwmon_chip, + NULL, +}; + +static const struct hwmon_chip_info scsi_hwmon_devinfo = { + .ops = &scsi_hwmon_ops, + .info = scsi_hwmon_info, +}; + +int scsi_hwmon_probe(struct scsi_device *sdev) +{ + struct device *dev = &sdev->sdev_gendev; + struct device *hwmon_dev; + struct scsi_hwmon *shd; + int ret; + + /* + * We currently only support SMART temperature readouts using + * ATA SMART propery 194. + * + * TODO: Add more SMART types for SCSI, SAS, USB etc. + */ + if (sdev->smart != SCSI_SMART_ATA) + return 0; + + shd = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*shd), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!shd) + return -ENOMEM; + shd->dev = dev; + shd->sdev = sdev; + + /* + * If temperature reading is not supported in the SMART + * properties, we just bail out. + */ + ret = scsi_hwmon_detect_tempformat(shd); + if (ret == -ENOTSUPP) + return 0; + /* Any other error, return upward */ + if (ret) + return ret; + + hwmon_dev = + devm_hwmon_device_register_with_info(dev, "sd", shd, + &scsi_hwmon_devinfo, + NULL); + return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(hwmon_dev); +} diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.h b/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..9e978a677dad --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_hwmon.h @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */ +#include + +#ifdef CONFIG_SCSI_HWMON + +int scsi_hwmon_probe(struct scsi_device *sdev); + +#else + +static inline int scsi_hwmon_probe(struct scsi_device *sdev) +{ + return 0; +} + +#endif diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_scan.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_scan.c index 78ca63dfba4a..e98bc7e121c1 100644 --- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_scan.c +++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_scan.c @@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ #include "scsi_priv.h" #include "scsi_logging.h" +#include "scsi_hwmon.h" #define ALLOC_FAILURE_MSG KERN_ERR "%s: Allocation failure during" \ " SCSI scanning, some SCSI devices might not be configured\n" @@ -1495,6 +1496,7 @@ struct scsi_device *__scsi_add_device(struct Scsi_Host *shost, uint channel, */ scsi_target_reap(starget); put_device(&starget->dev); + scsi_hwmon_probe(sdev); return sdev; } diff --git a/include/scsi/scsi_device.h b/include/scsi/scsi_device.h index 202f4d6a4342..b914d0d56b31 100644 --- a/include/scsi/scsi_device.h +++ b/include/scsi/scsi_device.h @@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ enum scsi_scan_mode { SCSI_SCAN_MANUAL, }; +enum scsi_smart_type { + SCSI_SMART_NONE = 0, + SCSI_SMART_ATA, /* Used to read temperatures */ +}; + enum scsi_device_event { SDEV_EVT_MEDIA_CHANGE = 1, /* media has changed */ SDEV_EVT_INQUIRY_CHANGE_REPORTED, /* 3F 03 UA reported */ @@ -226,6 +231,7 @@ struct scsi_device { unsigned char access_state; struct mutex state_mutex; enum scsi_device_state sdev_state; + enum scsi_smart_type smart; struct task_struct *quiesced_by; unsigned long sdev_data[0]; } __attribute__((aligned(sizeof(unsigned long))));