| Message ID | 155024704568.21651.12664692449080180818.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk (mailing list archive) |
|---|---|
| State | New, archived |
| Headers | show |
| Series | Containers and using authenticated filesystems | expand |
[+Cc linux-fscrypt] Hi David, On Fri, Feb 15, 2019 at 04:10:45PM +0000, David Howells wrote: > Allow a container manager to attach keyrings to a container such that the > keys contained therein are searched by request_key() in addition to a > process's normal keyrings. This allows the manager to install keys to > support filesystem decryption and authentication for superblocks inside the > container without requiring any active role being played by processes > inside of the container. > > So, for example, a container could be created, a keyring added and then an > rxrpc-type key added to the keyring such that a container's root filesystem > and data filesystems can be brought in from secure AFS volumes. It would > also be possible to put filesystem crypto keys in there such that Ext4 > encrypted files could be decrypted - without the need to share the key > between other containers or let the key leak into the container. For fscrypt (aka ext4/f2fs/ubifs encryption), rather than a "container keyring", I think it's much better served by ioctls to add/remove keys directly to/from the filesystem, as I'm proposing here: https://patchwork.kernel.org/cover/10806425/. My proposed API implements all the semantics people actually need for fscrypt, including: - Making the filesystem's ability to use keys match the locked/unlocked state of encrypted files, which is a filesystem-wide thing not a per-process thing. - Allowing a key to be removed and wiped, *and* the corresponding encrypted files locked efficiently. - Still permitting non-root users to use fscrypt, subject to limitations; e.g. keys are identified by cryptographic hash, users are limited by the keys quotas, and a user can't directly remove a key another user has added or create a new encrypted directory without proving they know/knew the key. A "container keyring" would only address the first problem. I don't think it's the right semantics to have the kernel's ability to use fscrypt keys be conditional on which process is doing the filesystem access -- even if the processes are divided into different sessions, users, or containers. Doing so may sound good, but it plays into common misconceptions about the purpose of storage encryption. It would actually be an OS-level access control policy that has nothing to do with the encryption itself. The kernel already has a wide variety of file access control mechanisms to choose from: file mode bits, ACLs, SELinux, mount namespaces, etc... The purpose of fscrypt is actually very different. It's designed to protect data locally stored on-disk from two classes of attackers: (1) attackers who can read directly from disk, and (2) attackers who fully compromise the system on-line including all memory, provided that the key isn't currently added. In these cases, the notion of a "container" is meaningless as the operating system is already out of the picture... I also don't see much benefit to namespacing fscrypt keys for container isolation purposes. If it's at all computationally feasible for keys to collide, then the encryption has already been massively screwed up. Also, I don't think that fscrypt should have a de-facto dependency on CONFIG_CONTAINERS in order to have sane semantics. fscrypt is used on many systems where containers support would be unnecessary bloat and attack surface. So while there probably are still good arguments for adding a container keyring, I don't think it's the best way forward for fscrypt. - Eric > > Because the container manager retains control of the keyring, it can update > the contained keys as necessary to prevent expiration. Note that the > keyring and keys in the keyring must grant Search permission directly to > the container object. > > [!] Note that NFS, CIFS and other filesystems wishing to make use of this > would have to get the token to use by calling request_key() on entry to > its VFS methods and retain it in its file struct. > > [!] Note that request_key() called from userspace does not look in the > container keyring. > > [!] Note that keys are now tagged with a tag that identifies the network > namespace (or other domain of operation). This allows keys to be > provided in one keyring that allow the same thing but in different > network namespaces. > > The keyring should be created by the container manager and then set using: > > keyctl(KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING, int containerfd, > key_serial_t keyring); > > With this, request_key() inside the kernel searches: > > thread-keyring, process-keyring, session-keyring, container-keyring > > [!] It may be worth setting a flag on a mountpoint to indicate whether to > search the container keyring first or last. > > Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> > ---
diff --git a/include/linux/container.h b/include/linux/container.h index a8cac800ce75..7424f7fb5560 100644 --- a/include/linux/container.h +++ b/include/linux/container.h @@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ struct container { refcount_t usage; int exit_code; /* The exit code of 'init' */ const struct cred *cred; /* Creds for this container, including userns */ + struct key *keyring; /* Externally managed container keyring */ struct nsproxy *ns; /* This container's namespaces */ struct path root; /* The root of the container's fs namespace */ struct task_struct *init; /* The 'init' task for this container */ diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/keyctl.h b/include/uapi/linux/keyctl.h index 5b792303a05b..a2afb4512f34 100644 --- a/include/uapi/linux/keyctl.h +++ b/include/uapi/linux/keyctl.h @@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ #define KEYCTL_QUERY_REQUEST_KEY_AUTH 32 /* Query a request_key_auth key */ #define KEYCTL_MOVE 33 /* Move keys between keyrings */ #define KEYCTL_FIND_LRU 34 /* Find the least-recently used key in a keyring */ +#define KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING 35 /* Attach a keyring to a container */ /* keyctl structures */ struct keyctl_dh_params { diff --git a/kernel/container.c b/kernel/container.c index 33e41fe5050b..f2706a45f364 100644 --- a/kernel/container.c +++ b/kernel/container.c @@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ void put_container(struct container *c) if (c->cred) put_cred(c->cred); + key_put(c->keyring); security_container_free(c); kfree(c); c = parent; diff --git a/samples/vfs/test-container.c b/samples/vfs/test-container.c index 7dc9071399b2..e24048fdbe33 100644 --- a/samples/vfs/test-container.c +++ b/samples/vfs/test-container.c @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ #include <keyutils.h> #define KEYCTL_CONTAINER_INTERCEPT 31 /* Intercept upcalls inside a container */ +#define KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING 35 /* Attach a keyring to a container */ /* Hope -1 isn't a syscall */ #ifndef __NR_fsopen @@ -262,6 +263,19 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) E(close(fsfd)); E(close(mfd)); + /* Create a container keyring. */ + printf("Container keyring...\n"); + keyring = add_key("keyring", "_container", NULL, 0, KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING); + if (keyring == -1) { + perror("add_key/c"); + exit(1); + } + + if (keyctl(KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING, cfd, keyring) < 0) { + perror("keyctl_set_container_keyring"); + exit(1); + } + /* Create a keyring to catch upcalls. */ printf("Intercepting...\n"); keyring = add_key("keyring", "upcall", NULL, 0, KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING); diff --git a/security/keys/compat.c b/security/keys/compat.c index 160fb7b37352..7990ec026237 100644 --- a/security/keys/compat.c +++ b/security/keys/compat.c @@ -168,6 +168,8 @@ COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE5(keyctl, u32, option, return keyctl_query_request_key_auth(arg2, compat_ptr(arg3)); case KEYCTL_FIND_LRU: return keyctl_find_lru(arg2, compat_ptr(arg3)); + case KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING: + return keyctl_set_container_keyring(arg2, arg3); #endif case KEYCTL_MOVE: diff --git a/security/keys/container.c b/security/keys/container.c index 8e6b3c8710e2..720600f6a318 100644 --- a/security/keys/container.c +++ b/security/keys/container.c @@ -373,3 +373,47 @@ long keyctl_find_lru(key_serial_t _keyring, const char __user *type_name) key_ref_put(keyring_ref); return ret; } + +/* + * Attach a keyring to a container as the container key, to be searched by + * request_key() after thread, process and session keyrings. This is only + * permitted once per container. + */ +long keyctl_set_container_keyring(int containerfd, key_serial_t _keyring) +{ + struct container *c; + struct fd f; + key_ref_t keyring_ref = NULL; + long ret; + + if (containerfd < 0 || _keyring <= 0) + return -EINVAL; + + f = fdget(containerfd); + if (!f.file) + return -EBADF; + ret = -EINVAL; + if (!is_container_file(f.file)) + goto out_fd; + + c = f.file->private_data; + + keyring_ref = lookup_user_key(_keyring, 0, KEY_NEED_SEARCH); + if (IS_ERR(keyring_ref)) { + ret = PTR_ERR(keyring_ref); + goto out_fd; + } + + ret = -EBUSY; + spin_lock(&c->lock); + if (!c->keyring) { + c->keyring = key_get(key_ref_to_ptr(keyring_ref)); + ret = 0; + } + spin_unlock(&c->lock); + + key_ref_put(keyring_ref); +out_fd: + fdput(f); + return ret; +} diff --git a/security/keys/internal.h b/security/keys/internal.h index fe4a4da1ff17..6be76caee874 100644 --- a/security/keys/internal.h +++ b/security/keys/internal.h @@ -366,6 +366,7 @@ extern long keyctl_container_intercept(int, const char __user *, unsigned int, k extern long keyctl_query_request_key_auth(key_serial_t, struct keyctl_query_request_key_auth __user *); extern long keyctl_find_lru(key_serial_t, const char __user *); +extern long keyctl_set_container_keyring(int, key_serial_t); #endif /* diff --git a/security/keys/keyctl.c b/security/keys/keyctl.c index 1446bc52e369..a25799249b8a 100644 --- a/security/keys/keyctl.c +++ b/security/keys/keyctl.c @@ -1919,6 +1919,8 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE5(keyctl, int, option, unsigned long, arg2, unsigned long, arg3, case KEYCTL_FIND_LRU: return keyctl_find_lru((key_serial_t)arg2, (const char __user *)arg3); + case KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING: + return keyctl_set_container_keyring((int)arg2, (key_serial_t)arg3); #endif case KEYCTL_MOVE: diff --git a/security/keys/process_keys.c b/security/keys/process_keys.c index 0e0b9ccad2f8..39d3cbac920c 100644 --- a/security/keys/process_keys.c +++ b/security/keys/process_keys.c @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/mutex.h> #include <linux/security.h> +#include <linux/container.h> #include <linux/user_namespace.h> #include <linux/uaccess.h> #include <keys/request_key_auth-type.h> @@ -433,6 +434,28 @@ key_ref_t search_my_process_keyrings(struct keyring_search_context *ctx) } } + /* Search any container keyring on the end. */ +#ifdef CONFIG_CONTAINERS + if (current->container->keyring) { + key_ref = keyring_search_aux( + make_key_ref(current->container->keyring, 1), ctx); + if (!IS_ERR(key_ref)) + goto found; + + switch (PTR_ERR(key_ref)) { + case -EAGAIN: /* no key */ + if (ret) + break; + case -ENOKEY: /* negative key */ + ret = key_ref; + break; + default: + err = key_ref; + break; + } + } +#endif + /* no key - decide on the error we're going to go for */ key_ref = ret ? ret : err;
Allow a container manager to attach keyrings to a container such that the keys contained therein are searched by request_key() in addition to a process's normal keyrings. This allows the manager to install keys to support filesystem decryption and authentication for superblocks inside the container without requiring any active role being played by processes inside of the container. So, for example, a container could be created, a keyring added and then an rxrpc-type key added to the keyring such that a container's root filesystem and data filesystems can be brought in from secure AFS volumes. It would also be possible to put filesystem crypto keys in there such that Ext4 encrypted files could be decrypted - without the need to share the key between other containers or let the key leak into the container. Because the container manager retains control of the keyring, it can update the contained keys as necessary to prevent expiration. Note that the keyring and keys in the keyring must grant Search permission directly to the container object. [!] Note that NFS, CIFS and other filesystems wishing to make use of this would have to get the token to use by calling request_key() on entry to its VFS methods and retain it in its file struct. [!] Note that request_key() called from userspace does not look in the container keyring. [!] Note that keys are now tagged with a tag that identifies the network namespace (or other domain of operation). This allows keys to be provided in one keyring that allow the same thing but in different network namespaces. The keyring should be created by the container manager and then set using: keyctl(KEYCTL_SET_CONTAINER_KEYRING, int containerfd, key_serial_t keyring); With this, request_key() inside the kernel searches: thread-keyring, process-keyring, session-keyring, container-keyring [!] It may be worth setting a flag on a mountpoint to indicate whether to search the container keyring first or last. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> --- include/linux/container.h | 1 + include/uapi/linux/keyctl.h | 1 + kernel/container.c | 1 + samples/vfs/test-container.c | 14 +++++++++++++ security/keys/compat.c | 2 ++ security/keys/container.c | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ security/keys/internal.h | 1 + security/keys/keyctl.c | 2 ++ security/keys/process_keys.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 9 files changed, 89 insertions(+)