diff --git a/include/net/tcp.h b/include/net/tcp.h
index 4db5179d08b3..3b8ddc10ddd3 100644
--- a/include/net/tcp.h
+++ b/include/net/tcp.h
@@ -2568,7 +2568,7 @@ static inline int tcp_parse_auth_options(const struct tcphdr *th,
 }
 
 static inline bool tcp_ao_required(struct sock *sk, const void *saddr,
-				   int family, bool stat_inc)
+				   int family, int l3index, bool stat_inc)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_TCP_AO
 	struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info;
@@ -2582,7 +2582,7 @@ static inline bool tcp_ao_required(struct sock *sk, const void *saddr,
 	if (!ao_info)
 		return false;
 
-	ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, saddr, family, -1, -1, 0);
+	ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, saddr, family, -1, -1, 0);
 	if (ao_info->ao_required || ao_key) {
 		if (stat_inc) {
 			NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPAOREQUIRED);
@@ -2634,21 +2634,22 @@ tcp_inbound_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct request_sock *req,
 		 * the last key is impossible to remove, so there's
 		 * always at least one current_key.
 		 */
-		if (tcp_ao_required(sk, saddr, family, true)) {
+		if (tcp_ao_required(sk, saddr, family, l3index, true)) {
 			tcp_hash_fail("AO hash is required, but not found",
 					family, skb, "L3 index %d", l3index);
 			return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_AONOTFOUND;
 		}
 		if (unlikely(tcp_md5_do_lookup(sk, l3index, saddr, family))) {
 			NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPMD5NOTFOUND);
-			tcp_hash_fail("MD5 Hash not found", family, skb, "");
+			tcp_hash_fail("MD5 Hash not found",
+				      family, skb, "L3 index %d", l3index);
 			return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_MD5NOTFOUND;
 		}
 		return SKB_NOT_DROPPED_YET;
 	}
 
 	if (aoh)
-		return tcp_inbound_ao_hash(sk, skb, family, req, aoh);
+		return tcp_inbound_ao_hash(sk, skb, family, req, l3index, aoh);
 
 	return tcp_inbound_md5_hash(sk, skb, saddr, daddr, family,
 				    l3index, md5_location);
diff --git a/include/net/tcp_ao.h b/include/net/tcp_ao.h
index c19c9416ff6d..a6c84b11142c 100644
--- a/include/net/tcp_ao.h
+++ b/include/net/tcp_ao.h
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ struct tcp_ao_key {
 	union tcp_ao_addr	addr;
 	u8			key[TCP_AO_MAXKEYLEN] __tcp_ao_key_align;
 	unsigned int		tcp_sigpool_id;
+	int			l3index;
 	u16			port;
 	u8			prefixlen;
 	u8			family;
@@ -183,9 +184,9 @@ int tcp_ao_get_mkts(struct sock *sk, sockptr_t optval, sockptr_t optlen);
 int tcp_ao_get_sock_info(struct sock *sk, sockptr_t optval, sockptr_t optlen);
 enum skb_drop_reason tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk,
 			const struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned short int family,
-			const struct request_sock *req,
+			const struct request_sock *req, int l3index,
 			const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh);
-struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
+struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk, int l3index,
 				    const union tcp_ao_addr *addr,
 				    int family, int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port);
 int tcp_ao_hash_hdr(unsigned short family, char *ao_hash,
@@ -225,9 +226,6 @@ int tcp_v6_ao_calc_key_sk(struct tcp_ao_key *mkt, u8 *key,
 				 __be32 disn, bool send);
 int tcp_v6_ao_calc_key_rsk(struct tcp_ao_key *mkt, u8 *key,
 			   struct request_sock *req);
-struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
-				       const struct in6_addr *addr,
-				       int sndid, int rcvid);
 struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v6_ao_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
 				    struct sock *addr_sk,
 				    int sndid, int rcvid);
@@ -246,12 +244,12 @@ void tcp_ao_finish_connect(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb);
 void tcp_ao_connect_init(struct sock *sk);
 void tcp_ao_syncookie(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		      struct tcp_request_sock *treq,
-		      unsigned short int family);
+		      unsigned short int family, int l3index);
 #else /* CONFIG_TCP_AO */
 
 static inline void tcp_ao_syncookie(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		      struct tcp_request_sock *treq,
-		      unsigned short int family)
+		      unsigned short int family, int l3index)
 {
 }
 
@@ -262,13 +260,14 @@ static inline bool tcp_ao_ignore_icmp(struct sock *sk, int type, int code)
 
 static inline enum skb_drop_reason tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk,
 		const struct sk_buff *skb, unsigned short int family,
-		const struct request_sock *req, const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh)
+		const struct request_sock *req, int l3index,
+		const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh)
 {
 	return SKB_NOT_DROPPED_YET;
 }
 
 static inline struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
-		const union tcp_ao_addr *addr,
+		int l3index, const union tcp_ao_addr *addr,
 		int family, int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port)
 {
 	return NULL;
diff --git a/net/ipv4/syncookies.c b/net/ipv4/syncookies.c
index 9e3d7083af7d..a994a3405a67 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/syncookies.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/syncookies.c
@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	struct rtable *rt;
 	__u8 rcv_wscale;
 	struct flowi4 fl4;
+	int l3index;
 	u32 tsoff = 0;
 
 	if (!READ_ONCE(sock_net(sk)->ipv4.sysctl_tcp_syncookies) ||
@@ -394,13 +395,14 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	treq->snt_synack	= 0;
 	treq->tfo_listener	= false;
 
-	tcp_ao_syncookie(sk, skb, treq, AF_INET);
-
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMC))
 		ireq->smc_ok = 0;
 
 	ireq->ir_iif = inet_request_bound_dev_if(sk, skb);
 
+	l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk), ireq->ir_iif);
+	tcp_ao_syncookie(sk, skb, treq, AF_INET, l3index);
+
 	/* We throwed the options of the initial SYN away, so we hope
 	 * the ACK carries the same options again (see RFC1122 4.2.3.8)
 	 */
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_ao.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_ao.c
index 37adf40f6f56..d3574499a683 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_ao.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_ao.c
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ static inline int ipv4_prefix_cmp(const struct in_addr *addr1,
 	return ((addr1->s_addr & mask) > (addr2->s_addr & mask)) ? 1 : -1;
 }
 
-static int __tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key,
+static int __tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key, int l3index,
 			    const union tcp_ao_addr *addr, u8 prefixlen,
 			    int family, int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port)
 {
@@ -158,6 +158,10 @@ static int __tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key,
 		return (key->rcvid > rcvid) ? 1 : -1;
 	if (port != 0 && key->port != 0 && port != key->port)
 		return (key->port > port) ? 1 : -1;
+	if (l3index >= 0 && (key->keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX)) {
+		if (key->l3index != l3index)
+			return (key->l3index > l3index) ? 1 : -1;
+	}
 
 	if (family == AF_UNSPEC)
 		return 0;
@@ -182,7 +186,7 @@ static int __tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key,
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key,
+static int tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key, int l3index,
 			  const union tcp_ao_addr *addr, u8 prefixlen,
 			  int family, int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port)
 {
@@ -190,14 +194,16 @@ static int tcp_ao_key_cmp(const struct tcp_ao_key *key,
 	if (family == AF_INET6 && ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&addr->a6)) {
 		__be32 addr4 = addr->a6.s6_addr32[3];
 
-		return __tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, (union tcp_ao_addr *)&addr4,
+		return __tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index,
+					(union tcp_ao_addr *)&addr4,
 					prefixlen, AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, port);
 	}
 #endif
-	return __tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, addr, prefixlen, family, sndid, rcvid, port);
+	return __tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index, addr,
+				prefixlen, family, sndid, rcvid, port);
 }
 
-static struct tcp_ao_key *__tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
+static struct tcp_ao_key *__tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk, int l3index,
 		const union tcp_ao_addr *addr, int family, u8 prefix,
 		int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port)
 {
@@ -215,18 +221,18 @@ static struct tcp_ao_key *__tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(key, &ao->head, node) {
 		u8 prefixlen = min(prefix, key->prefixlen);
 
-		if (!tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, addr, prefixlen,
+		if (!tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index, addr, prefixlen,
 				    family, sndid, rcvid, port))
 			return key;
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
+struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk, int l3index,
 				    const union tcp_ao_addr *addr,
 				    int family, int sndid, int rcvid, u16 port)
 {
-	return __tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, family, U8_MAX,
+	return __tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, family, U8_MAX,
 				  sndid, rcvid, port);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_ao_do_lookup);
@@ -669,40 +675,45 @@ struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v4_ao_lookup_rsk(const struct sock *sk,
 					struct request_sock *req,
 					int sndid, int rcvid)
 {
-	union tcp_ao_addr *addr =
-			(union tcp_ao_addr *)&inet_rsk(req)->ir_rmt_addr;
+	struct inet_request_sock *ireq = inet_rsk(req);
+	union tcp_ao_addr *addr = (union tcp_ao_addr *)&ireq->ir_rmt_addr;
+	int l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk), ireq->ir_iif);
 
-	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
+	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 }
 
 struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v4_ao_lookup(const struct sock *sk, struct sock *addr_sk,
 				    int sndid, int rcvid)
 {
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr = (union tcp_ao_addr *)&addr_sk->sk_daddr;
+	int l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk),
+						     addr_sk->sk_bound_dev_if);
 
-	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
+	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 }
 
 static struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_ao_inbound_lookup(unsigned short int family,
 		const struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
-		int sndid, int rcvid)
+		int sndid, int rcvid, int l3index)
 {
 	if (family == AF_INET) {
 		const struct iphdr *iph = ip_hdr(skb);
 
-		return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, (union tcp_ao_addr *)&iph->saddr,
-				AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
+		return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index,
+					(union tcp_ao_addr *)&iph->saddr,
+					AF_INET, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 	} else {
 		const struct ipv6hdr *iph = ipv6_hdr(skb);
 
-		return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, (union tcp_ao_addr *)&iph->saddr,
-				AF_INET6, sndid, rcvid, 0);
+		return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index,
+					(union tcp_ao_addr *)&iph->saddr,
+					AF_INET6, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 	}
 }
 
 void tcp_ao_syncookie(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		      struct tcp_request_sock *treq,
-		      unsigned short int family)
+		      unsigned short int family, int l3index)
 {
 	const struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
 	const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh;
@@ -717,7 +728,7 @@ void tcp_ao_syncookie(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 	if (!aoh)
 		return;
 
-	key = tcp_ao_inbound_lookup(family, sk, skb, -1, aoh->keyid);
+	key = tcp_ao_inbound_lookup(family, sk, skb, -1, aoh->keyid, l3index);
 	if (!key)
 		/* Key not found, continue without TCP-AO */
 		return;
@@ -732,7 +743,7 @@ static enum skb_drop_reason
 tcp_ao_verify_hash(const struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		   unsigned short int family, struct tcp_ao_info *info,
 		   const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh, struct tcp_ao_key *key,
-		   u8 *traffic_key, u8 *phash, u32 sne)
+		   u8 *traffic_key, u8 *phash, u32 sne, int l3index)
 {
 	unsigned char newhash[TCP_AO_MAX_HASH_SIZE] __tcp_ao_key_align;
 	u8 maclen = aoh->length - sizeof(struct tcp_ao_hdr);
@@ -743,7 +754,8 @@ tcp_ao_verify_hash(const struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		atomic64_inc(&info->counters.pkt_bad);
 		atomic64_inc(&key->pkt_bad);
 		tcp_hash_fail("AO hash wrong length", family, skb,
-			      "%u != %d", maclen, tcp_ao_maclen(key));
+			      "%u != %d L3index: %d", maclen,
+			      tcp_ao_maclen(key), l3index);
 		return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_AOFAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -754,7 +766,8 @@ tcp_ao_verify_hash(const struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPAOBAD);
 		atomic64_inc(&info->counters.pkt_bad);
 		atomic64_inc(&key->pkt_bad);
-		tcp_hash_fail("AO hash mismatch", family, skb, "");
+		tcp_hash_fail("AO hash mismatch", family, skb,
+			      "L3index: %d", l3index);
 		return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_AOFAILURE;
 	}
 	NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPAOGOOD);
@@ -766,7 +779,7 @@ tcp_ao_verify_hash(const struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 enum skb_drop_reason
 tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		    unsigned short int family, const struct request_sock *req,
-		    const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh)
+		    int l3index, const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh)
 {
 	u8 key_buf[TCP_AO_MAX_HASH_SIZE] __tcp_ao_key_align;
 	const struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
@@ -781,7 +794,7 @@ tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 	if (!info) {
 		NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPAOKEYNOTFOUND);
 		tcp_hash_fail("AO key not found", family, skb,
-			      "keyid: %u", aoh->keyid);
+			      "keyid: %u L3index: %d", aoh->keyid, l3index);
 		return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_AOUNEXPECTED;
 	}
 
@@ -816,7 +829,7 @@ tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 		/* Established socket, traffic key are cached */
 		traffic_key = rcv_other_key(key);
 		err = tcp_ao_verify_hash(sk, skb, family, info, aoh, key,
-					 traffic_key, phash, sne);
+					 traffic_key, phash, sne, l3index);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 		current_key = READ_ONCE(info->current_key);
@@ -837,7 +850,7 @@ tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 	 * - request sockets would race on those key pointers
 	 * - tcp_ao_del_cmd() allows async key removal
 	 */
-	key = tcp_ao_inbound_lookup(family, sk, skb, -1, aoh->keyid);
+	key = tcp_ao_inbound_lookup(family, sk, skb, -1, aoh->keyid, l3index);
 	if (!key)
 		goto key_not_found;
 
@@ -875,13 +888,13 @@ tcp_inbound_ao_hash(struct sock *sk, const struct sk_buff *skb,
 	traffic_key = key_buf;
 	tcp_ao_calc_key_skb(key, traffic_key, skb, sisn, disn, family);
 	return tcp_ao_verify_hash(sk, skb, family, info, aoh, key,
-				  traffic_key, phash, sne);
+				  traffic_key, phash, sne, l3index);
 
 key_not_found:
 	NET_INC_STATS(sock_net(sk), LINUX_MIB_TCPAOKEYNOTFOUND);
 	atomic64_inc(&info->counters.key_not_found);
 	tcp_hash_fail("Requested by the peer AO key id not found",
-		      family, skb, "");
+		      family, skb, "L3index: %d", l3index);
 	return SKB_DROP_REASON_TCP_AOKEYNOTFOUND;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_inbound_ao_hash);
@@ -910,7 +923,7 @@ void tcp_ao_connect_init(struct sock *sk)
 	struct tcp_ao_key *key;
 	struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr;
-	int family;
+	int family, l3index;
 
 	ao_info = rcu_dereference_protected(tp->ao_info,
 					    lockdep_sock_is_held(sk));
@@ -927,9 +940,11 @@ void tcp_ao_connect_init(struct sock *sk)
 #endif
 	else
 		return;
+	l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk),
+						 sk->sk_bound_dev_if);
 
 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(key, &ao_info->head, node) {
-		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, addr, key->prefixlen, family,
+		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index, addr, key->prefixlen, family,
 				   -1, -1, sk->sk_dport) == 0)
 			continue;
 
@@ -993,7 +1008,7 @@ int tcp_ao_copy_all_matching(const struct sock *sk, struct sock *newsk,
 	struct hlist_node *key_head;
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr;
 	bool match = false;
-	int ret = -ENOMEM;
+	int l3index, ret = -ENOMEM;
 
 	ao = rcu_dereference(tcp_sk(sk)->ao_info);
 	if (!ao)
@@ -1021,9 +1036,11 @@ int tcp_ao_copy_all_matching(const struct sock *sk, struct sock *newsk,
 		ret = -EAFNOSUPPORT;
 		goto free_ao;
 	}
+	l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(newsk),
+						 newsk->sk_bound_dev_if);
 
 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(key, &ao->head, node) {
-		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, addr, key->prefixlen, family,
+		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index, addr, key->prefixlen, family,
 				   -1, -1, 0))
 			continue;
 
@@ -1362,17 +1379,18 @@ static inline int tcp_ao_verify_ipv6(struct sock *sk, struct tcp_ao_add *cmd,
 }
 #endif
 
-#define TCP_AO_KEYF_ALL		(TCP_AO_KEYF_EXCLUDE_OPT)
+#define TCP_AO_KEYF_ALL (TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX | TCP_AO_KEYF_EXCLUDE_OPT)
+#define TCP_AO_GET_KEYF_VALID	(TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX)
 
 static int tcp_ao_add_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 			  sockptr_t optval, int optlen)
 {
 	struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info;
+	int ret, size, l3index = 0;
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr;
 	struct tcp_ao_key *key;
 	struct tcp_ao_add cmd;
 	bool first = false;
-	int ret, size;
 	u16 port;
 
 	if (optlen < sizeof(cmd))
@@ -1403,9 +1421,46 @@ static int tcp_ao_add_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 			return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	if (cmd.ifindex && !(cmd.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* For cmd.tcp_ifindex = 0 the key will apply to the default VRF */
+	if (cmd.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX && cmd.ifindex) {
+		int bound_dev_if = READ_ONCE(sk->sk_bound_dev_if);
+		struct net_device *dev;
+
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		dev = dev_get_by_index_rcu(sock_net(sk), cmd.ifindex);
+		if (dev && netif_is_l3_master(dev))
+			l3index = dev->ifindex;
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+
+		if (!dev || !l3index)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		/* It's still possible to bind after adding keys or even
+		 * re-bind to a different dev (with CAP_NET_RAW).
+		 * So, no reason to return error here, rather try to be
+		 * nice and warn the user.
+		 */
+		if (bound_dev_if && bound_dev_if != cmd.ifindex)
+			net_warn_ratelimited("AO key ifindex %d != sk bound ifindex %d\n",
+					     cmd.ifindex, bound_dev_if);
+	}
+
 	/* Don't allow keys for peers that have a matching TCP-MD5 key */
-	if (tcp_md5_do_lookup_any_l3index(sk, addr, family))
-		return -EKEYREJECTED;
+	if (cmd.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX) {
+		/* Non-_exact version of tcp_md5_do_lookup() will
+		 * as well match keys that aren't bound to a specific VRF
+		 * (that will make them match AO key with
+		 * sysctl_tcp_l3dev_accept = 1
+		 */
+		if (tcp_md5_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, family))
+			return -EKEYREJECTED;
+	} else {
+		if (tcp_md5_do_lookup_any_l3index(sk, addr, family))
+			return -EKEYREJECTED;
+	}
 
 	ao_info = rcu_dereference_protected(tcp_sk(sk)->ao_info,
 					    lockdep_sock_is_held(sk));
@@ -1419,7 +1474,7 @@ static int tcp_ao_add_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 		/* RFC5925 3.1 The IDs of MKTs MUST NOT overlap where
 		 * their TCP connection identifiers overlap.
 		 */
-		if (__tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, family,
+		if (__tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, family,
 				       cmd.prefix, cmd.sndid, cmd.rcvid, port))
 			return -EEXIST;
 	}
@@ -1444,6 +1499,7 @@ static int tcp_ao_add_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 	key->keyflags	= cmd.keyflags;
 	key->sndid	= cmd.sndid;
 	key->rcvid	= cmd.rcvid;
+	key->l3index	= l3index;
 	atomic64_set(&key->pkt_good, 0);
 	atomic64_set(&key->pkt_bad, 0);
 
@@ -1531,17 +1587,17 @@ static int tcp_ao_delete_key(struct sock *sk, struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info,
 	return err;
 }
 
+#define TCP_AO_DEL_KEYF_ALL (TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX)
 static int tcp_ao_del_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 			  sockptr_t optval, int optlen)
 {
 	struct tcp_ao_key *key, *new_current = NULL, *new_rnext = NULL;
+	int err, addr_len, l3index = 0;
 	struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info;
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr;
 	struct tcp_ao_del cmd;
-	int err;
 	__u8 prefix;
 	__be16 port;
-	int addr_len;
 
 	if (optlen < sizeof(cmd))
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1558,6 +1614,23 @@ static int tcp_ao_del_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 			return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	if (cmd.keyflags & ~TCP_AO_DEL_KEYF_ALL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* For cmd.tcp_ifindex = 0 the key will apply to the default VRF */
+	if (cmd.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX && cmd.ifindex) {
+		struct net_device *dev;
+
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		dev = dev_get_by_index_rcu(sock_net(sk), cmd.ifindex);
+		if (dev && netif_is_l3_master(dev))
+			l3index = dev->ifindex;
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+
+		if (!dev || !l3index)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
 	ao_info = rcu_dereference_protected(tcp_sk(sk)->ao_info,
 					    lockdep_sock_is_held(sk));
 	if (!ao_info)
@@ -1621,6 +1694,13 @@ static int tcp_ao_del_cmd(struct sock *sk, unsigned short int family,
 		    memcmp(addr, &key->addr, addr_len))
 			continue;
 
+		if ((cmd.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX) !=
+		    (key->keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX))
+			continue;
+
+		if (key->l3index != l3index)
+			continue;
+
 		if (key == new_current || key == new_rnext)
 			continue;
 
@@ -1818,7 +1898,7 @@ static int tcp_ao_copy_mkts_to_user(struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info,
 	int optlen_out;
 	u8 prefix_in;
 	u16 port = 0;
-	int err;
+	int err, l3index;
 
 	if (copy_from_sockptr(&user_len, optlen, sizeof(int)))
 		return -EFAULT;
@@ -1836,11 +1916,16 @@ static int tcp_ao_copy_mkts_to_user(struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info,
 
 	if (opt_in.pkt_good || opt_in.pkt_bad)
 		return -EINVAL;
+	if (opt_in.keyflags & ~TCP_AO_GET_KEYF_VALID)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (opt_in.ifindex < 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (opt_in.reserved != 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	max_keys = opt_in.nkeys;
+	l3index = (opt_in.keyflags & TCP_AO_KEYF_IFINDEX) ? opt_in.ifindex : -1;
 
 	if (!(opt_in.get_all || opt_in.is_current || opt_in.is_rnext)) {
 		prefix_in = opt_in.prefix;
@@ -1907,7 +1992,7 @@ static int tcp_ao_copy_mkts_to_user(struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info,
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, addr, opt_in.prefix,
+		if (tcp_ao_key_cmp(key, l3index, addr, opt_in.prefix,
 				   opt_in.addr.ss_family,
 				   opt_in.sndid, opt_in.rcvid, port) != 0)
 			continue;
@@ -1940,6 +2025,7 @@ static int tcp_ao_copy_mkts_to_user(struct tcp_ao_info *ao_info,
 		opt_out.nkeys = 0;
 		opt_out.maclen = key->maclen;
 		opt_out.keylen = key->keylen;
+		opt_out.ifindex = key->l3index;
 		opt_out.pkt_good = atomic64_read(&key->pkt_good);
 		opt_out.pkt_bad = atomic64_read(&key->pkt_bad);
 		memcpy(&opt_out.key, key->key, key->keylen);
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c
index 097c37666c54..242dd24a07e4 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c
@@ -1096,6 +1096,7 @@ static void tcp_v4_reqsk_send_ack(const struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	struct tcp_ao_key *ao_key = NULL;
 	const union tcp_md5_addr *addr;
 	u8 keyid = 0;
+	int l3index;
 #ifdef CONFIG_TCP_AO
 	u8 traffic_key[TCP_AO_MAX_HASH_SIZE] __tcp_ao_key_align;
 	const struct tcp_ao_hdr *aoh;
@@ -1109,6 +1110,7 @@ static void tcp_v4_reqsk_send_ack(const struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	u32 seq = (sk->sk_state == TCP_LISTEN) ? tcp_rsk(req)->snt_isn + 1 :
 					     tcp_sk(sk)->snd_nxt;
 	addr = (union tcp_md5_addr *)&ip_hdr(skb)->saddr;
+	l3index = tcp_v4_sdif(skb) ? inet_iif(skb) : 0;
 
 	if (tcp_rsk_used_ao(req)) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_TCP_AO
@@ -1119,11 +1121,11 @@ static void tcp_v4_reqsk_send_ack(const struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		if (!aoh)
 			return;
 
-		ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, AF_INET,
+		ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, AF_INET,
 					  aoh->rnext_keyid, -1, 0);
 		if (unlikely(!ao_key)) {
 			/* Send ACK with any matching MKT for the peer */
-			ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr,
+			ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr,
 						  AF_INET, -1, -1, 0);
 			/* Matching key disappeared (user removed the key?)
 			 * let the handshake timeout.
@@ -1142,9 +1144,6 @@ static void tcp_v4_reqsk_send_ack(const struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		tcp_v4_ao_calc_key_rsk(ao_key, traffic_key, req);
 #endif
 	} else {
-		int l3index;
-
-		l3index = tcp_v4_sdif(skb) ? inet_iif(skb) : 0;
 		md5_key = tcp_md5_do_lookup(sk, l3index, addr, AF_INET);
 	}
 	/* RFC 7323 2.3
@@ -1502,6 +1501,7 @@ static int tcp_v4_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 	const union tcp_md5_addr *addr;
 	u8 prefixlen = 32;
 	int l3index = 0;
+	bool l3flag;
 	u8 flags;
 
 	if (optlen < sizeof(cmd))
@@ -1514,6 +1514,7 @@ static int tcp_v4_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	flags = cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_IFINDEX;
+	l3flag = cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_IFINDEX;
 
 	if (optname == TCP_MD5SIG_EXT &&
 	    cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_PREFIX) {
@@ -1551,7 +1552,7 @@ static int tcp_v4_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 	/* Don't allow keys for peers that have a matching TCP-AO key.
 	 * See the comment in tcp_ao_add_cmd()
 	 */
-	if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET, false))
+	if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET, l3flag ? l3index : -1, false))
 		return -EKEYREJECTED;
 
 	return tcp_md5_do_add(sk, addr, AF_INET, prefixlen, l3index, flags,
diff --git a/net/ipv6/syncookies.c b/net/ipv6/syncookies.c
index ad7a8caa7b2a..500f6ed3b8cf 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/syncookies.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/syncookies.c
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	struct dst_entry *dst;
 	__u8 rcv_wscale;
 	u32 tsoff = 0;
+	int l3index;
 
 	if (!READ_ONCE(sock_net(sk)->ipv4.sysctl_tcp_syncookies) ||
 	    !th->ack || th->rst)
@@ -214,7 +215,9 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	treq->snt_isn = cookie;
 	treq->ts_off = 0;
 	treq->txhash = net_tx_rndhash();
-	tcp_ao_syncookie(sk, skb, treq, AF_INET6);
+
+	l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk), ireq->ir_iif);
+	tcp_ao_syncookie(sk, skb, treq, AF_INET6, l3index);
 
 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMC))
 		ireq->smc_ok = 0;
diff --git a/net/ipv6/tcp_ao.c b/net/ipv6/tcp_ao.c
index 32e19b2dbda8..16e0fbc08c9f 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/tcp_ao.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/tcp_ao.c
@@ -79,21 +79,16 @@ int tcp_v6_ao_calc_key_rsk(struct tcp_ao_key *mkt, u8 *key,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_v6_ao_calc_key_rsk);
 
-struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
-				       const struct in6_addr *addr,
-				       int sndid, int rcvid)
-{
-	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, (union tcp_ao_addr *)addr, AF_INET6,
-				sndid, rcvid, 0);
-}
-
 struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v6_ao_lookup(const struct sock *sk,
 				    struct sock *addr_sk,
 				    int sndid, int rcvid)
 {
 	struct in6_addr *addr = &addr_sk->sk_v6_daddr;
+	int l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk),
+						     addr_sk->sk_bound_dev_if);
 
-	return tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, sndid, rcvid);
+	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, (union tcp_ao_addr *)addr,
+				AF_INET6, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_v6_ao_lookup);
 
@@ -101,9 +96,12 @@ struct tcp_ao_key *tcp_v6_ao_lookup_rsk(const struct sock *sk,
 					struct request_sock *req,
 					int sndid, int rcvid)
 {
-	struct in6_addr *addr = &inet_rsk(req)->ir_v6_rmt_addr;
+	struct inet_request_sock *ireq = inet_rsk(req);
+	struct in6_addr *addr = &ireq->ir_v6_rmt_addr;
+	int l3index = l3mdev_master_ifindex_by_index(sock_net(sk), ireq->ir_iif);
 
-	return tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, sndid, rcvid);
+	return tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index, (union tcp_ao_addr *)addr,
+				AF_INET6, sndid, rcvid, 0);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_v6_ao_lookup_rsk);
 
diff --git a/net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c b/net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c
index 1ce3095276be..78859ce5a664 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c
@@ -609,6 +609,7 @@ static int tcp_v6_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 	union tcp_ao_addr *addr;
 	int l3index = 0;
 	u8 prefixlen;
+	bool l3flag;
 	u8 flags;
 
 	if (optlen < sizeof(cmd))
@@ -621,6 +622,7 @@ static int tcp_v6_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	flags = cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_IFINDEX;
+	l3flag = cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_IFINDEX;
 
 	if (optname == TCP_MD5SIG_EXT &&
 	    cmd.tcpm_flags & TCP_MD5SIG_FLAG_PREFIX) {
@@ -667,7 +669,8 @@ static int tcp_v6_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 		/* Don't allow keys for peers that have a matching TCP-AO key.
 		 * See the comment in tcp_ao_add_cmd()
 		 */
-		if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET, false))
+		if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET,
+				    l3flag ? l3index : -1, false))
 			return -EKEYREJECTED;
 		return tcp_md5_do_add(sk, addr,
 				      AF_INET, prefixlen, l3index, flags,
@@ -679,7 +682,7 @@ static int tcp_v6_parse_md5_keys(struct sock *sk, int optname,
 	/* Don't allow keys for peers that have a matching TCP-AO key.
 	 * See the comment in tcp_ao_add_cmd()
 	 */
-	if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET6, false))
+	if (tcp_ao_required(sk, addr, AF_INET6, l3flag ? l3index : -1, false))
 		return -EKEYREJECTED;
 
 	return tcp_md5_do_add(sk, addr, AF_INET6, prefixlen, l3index, flags,
@@ -1270,10 +1273,14 @@ static void tcp_v6_reqsk_send_ack(const struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 			return;
 		if (!aoh)
 			return;
-		ao_key = tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, aoh->rnext_keyid, -1);
+		ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index,
+					  (union tcp_ao_addr *)addr, AF_INET6,
+					  aoh->rnext_keyid, -1, 0);
 		if (unlikely(!ao_key)) {
 			/* Send ACK with any matching MKT for the peer */
-			ao_key = tcp_v6_ao_do_lookup(sk, addr, -1, -1);
+			ao_key = tcp_ao_do_lookup(sk, l3index,
+						  (union tcp_ao_addr *)addr,
+						  AF_INET6, -1, -1, 0);
 			/* Matching key disappeared (user removed the key?)
 			 * let the handshake timeout.
 			 */
