diff --git a/nbd/server.c b/nbd/server.c
index 5812a773ace..ffab51efd26 100644
--- a/nbd/server.c
+++ b/nbd/server.c
@@ -1887,18 +1887,18 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_iov(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
 }

 static inline void set_be_simple_reply(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
-                                       uint64_t error, uint64_t handle)
+                                       uint64_t error, NBDRequest *request)
 {
     NBDSimpleReply *reply = iov->iov_base;

     iov->iov_len = sizeof(*reply);
     stl_be_p(&reply->magic, NBD_SIMPLE_REPLY_MAGIC);
     stl_be_p(&reply->error, error);
-    stq_be_p(&reply->handle, handle);
+    stq_be_p(&reply->handle, request->handle);
 }

 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_simple_reply(NBDClient *client,
-                                                 uint64_t handle,
+                                                 NBDRequest *request,
                                                  uint32_t error,
                                                  void *data,
                                                  size_t len,
@@ -1911,16 +1911,16 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_simple_reply(NBDClient *client,
         {.iov_base = data, .iov_len = len}
     };

-    trace_nbd_co_send_simple_reply(handle, nbd_err, nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err),
-                                   len);
-    set_be_simple_reply(client, &iov[0], nbd_err, handle);
+    trace_nbd_co_send_simple_reply(request->handle, nbd_err,
+                                   nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err), len);
+    set_be_simple_reply(client, &iov[0], nbd_err, request);

     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, len ? 2 : 1, errp);
 }

 static inline void set_be_chunk(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
                                 uint16_t flags, uint16_t type,
-                                uint64_t handle, uint32_t length)
+                                NBDRequest *request, uint32_t length)
 {
     NBDStructuredReplyChunk *chunk = iov->iov_base;

@@ -1928,12 +1928,12 @@ static inline void set_be_chunk(NBDClient *client, struct iovec *iov,
     stl_be_p(&chunk->magic, NBD_STRUCTURED_REPLY_MAGIC);
     stw_be_p(&chunk->flags, flags);
     stw_be_p(&chunk->type, type);
-    stq_be_p(&chunk->handle, handle);
+    stq_be_p(&chunk->handle, request->handle);
     stl_be_p(&chunk->length, length);
 }

 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_done(NBDClient *client,
-                                                    uint64_t handle,
+                                                    NBDRequest *request,
                                                     Error **errp)
 {
     NBDReply hdr;
@@ -1941,15 +1941,15 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_done(NBDClient *client,
         {.iov_base = &hdr},
     };

-    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_done(handle);
+    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_done(request->handle);
     set_be_chunk(client, &iov[0], NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE,
-                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE, handle, 0);
+                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_NONE, request, 0);

     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 1, errp);
 }

 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_read(NBDClient *client,
-                                                    uint64_t handle,
+                                                    NBDRequest *request,
                                                     uint64_t offset,
                                                     void *data,
                                                     size_t size,
@@ -1965,16 +1965,16 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_read(NBDClient *client,
     };

     assert(size);
-    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read(handle, offset, data, size);
+    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read(request->handle, offset, data, size);
     set_be_chunk(client, &iov[0], final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
-                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA, handle, iov[1].iov_len + size);
+                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_DATA, request, iov[1].iov_len + size);
     stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset);

     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 3, errp);
 }

 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_error(NBDClient *client,
-                                                     uint64_t handle,
+                                                     NBDRequest *request,
                                                      uint32_t error,
                                                      const char *msg,
                                                      Error **errp)
@@ -1989,10 +1989,11 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_error(NBDClient *client,
     };

     assert(nbd_err);
-    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_error(handle, nbd_err,
+    trace_nbd_co_send_structured_error(request->handle, nbd_err,
                                        nbd_err_lookup(nbd_err), msg ? msg : "");
     set_be_chunk(client, &iov[0], NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE,
-                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR, handle, iov[1].iov_len + iov[2].iov_len);
+                 NBD_REPLY_TYPE_ERROR, request,
+                 iov[1].iov_len + iov[2].iov_len);
     stl_be_p(&chunk.error, nbd_err);
     stw_be_p(&chunk.message_length, iov[2].iov_len);

@@ -2004,7 +2005,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_structured_error(NBDClient *client,
  * reported to the client, at which point this function succeeds.
  */
 static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
-                                                uint64_t handle,
+                                                NBDRequest *request,
                                                 uint64_t offset,
                                                 uint8_t *data,
                                                 size_t size,
@@ -2026,7 +2027,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
             char *msg = g_strdup_printf("unable to check for holes: %s",
                                         strerror(-status));

-            ret = nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, handle, -status, msg,
+            ret = nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, request, -status, msg,
                                                errp);
             g_free(msg);
             return ret;
@@ -2041,12 +2042,12 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
                 {.iov_base = &chunk, .iov_len = sizeof(chunk)},
             };

-            trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read_hole(handle, offset + progress,
+            trace_nbd_co_send_structured_read_hole(request->handle,
+                                                   offset + progress,
                                                    pnum);
             set_be_chunk(client, &iov[0],
                          final ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
-                         NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE,
-                         handle, iov[1].iov_len);
+                         NBD_REPLY_TYPE_OFFSET_HOLE, request, iov[1].iov_len);
             stq_be_p(&chunk.offset, offset + progress);
             stl_be_p(&chunk.length, pnum);
             ret = nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 2, errp);
@@ -2057,7 +2058,8 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_sparse_read(NBDClient *client,
                 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "reading from file failed");
                 break;
             }
-            ret = nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, handle, offset + progress,
+            ret = nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, request,
+                                              offset + progress,
                                               data + progress, pnum, final,
                                               errp);
         }
@@ -2212,7 +2214,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn blockalloc_to_extents(BlockBackend *blk,
  * @last controls whether NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE is sent.
  */
 static int coroutine_fn
-nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle, NBDExtentArray *ea,
+nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request, NBDExtentArray *ea,
                     bool last, uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
 {
     NBDReply hdr;
@@ -2225,11 +2227,11 @@ nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle, NBDExtentArray *ea,

     nbd_extent_array_convert_to_be(ea);

-    trace_nbd_co_send_extents(handle, ea->count, context_id, ea->total_length,
-                              last);
+    trace_nbd_co_send_extents(request->handle, ea->count, context_id,
+                              ea->total_length, last);
     set_be_chunk(client, &iov[0], last ? NBD_REPLY_FLAG_DONE : 0,
                  NBD_REPLY_TYPE_BLOCK_STATUS,
-                 handle, iov[1].iov_len + iov[2].iov_len);
+                 request, iov[1].iov_len + iov[2].iov_len);
     stl_be_p(&chunk.context_id, context_id);

     return nbd_co_send_iov(client, iov, 3, errp);
@@ -2237,7 +2239,7 @@ nbd_co_send_extents(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle, NBDExtentArray *ea,

 /* Get block status from the exported device and send it to the client */
 static int
-coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_block_status(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
+coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_block_status(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
                                       BlockBackend *blk, uint64_t offset,
                                       uint32_t length, bool dont_fragment,
                                       bool last, uint32_t context_id,
@@ -2254,10 +2256,10 @@ coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_block_status(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
     }
     if (ret < 0) {
         return nbd_co_send_structured_error(
-                client, handle, -ret, "can't get block status", errp);
+                client, request, -ret, "can't get block status", errp);
     }

-    return nbd_co_send_extents(client, handle, ea, last, context_id, errp);
+    return nbd_co_send_extents(client, request, ea, last, context_id, errp);
 }

 /* Populate @ea from a dirty bitmap. */
@@ -2292,17 +2294,20 @@ static void bitmap_to_extents(BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_unlock(bitmap);
 }

-static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_bitmap(NBDClient *client, uint64_t handle,
-                                           BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap, uint64_t offset,
-                                           uint32_t length, bool dont_fragment, bool last,
-                                           uint32_t context_id, Error **errp)
+static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_send_bitmap(NBDClient *client,
+                                           NBDRequest *request,
+                                           BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap,
+                                           uint64_t offset,
+                                           uint32_t length, bool dont_fragment,
+                                           bool last, uint32_t context_id,
+                                           Error **errp)
 {
     unsigned int nb_extents = dont_fragment ? 1 : NBD_MAX_BLOCK_STATUS_EXTENTS;
     g_autoptr(NBDExtentArray) ea = nbd_extent_array_new(nb_extents);

     bitmap_to_extents(bitmap, offset, length, ea);

-    return nbd_co_send_extents(client, handle, ea, last, context_id, errp);
+    return nbd_co_send_extents(client, request, ea, last, context_id, errp);
 }

 /* nbd_co_receive_request
@@ -2443,16 +2448,16 @@ static int coroutine_fn nbd_co_receive_request(NBDRequestData *req, NBDRequest *
  * Returns 0 if connection is still live, -errno on failure to talk to client
  */
 static coroutine_fn int nbd_send_generic_reply(NBDClient *client,
-                                               uint64_t handle,
+                                               NBDRequest *request,
                                                int ret,
                                                const char *error_msg,
                                                Error **errp)
 {
     if (client->header_style >= NBD_HEADER_STRUCTURED && ret < 0) {
-        return nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, handle, -ret, error_msg,
+        return nbd_co_send_structured_error(client, request, -ret, error_msg,
                                             errp);
     } else {
-        return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, handle, ret < 0 ? -ret : 0,
+        return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request, ret < 0 ? -ret : 0,
                                         NULL, 0, errp);
     }
 }
@@ -2473,7 +2478,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_read(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
     if (request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
         if (ret < 0) {
-            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                           "flush failed", errp);
         }
     }
@@ -2481,26 +2486,26 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_read(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
     if (client->header_style >= NBD_HEADER_STRUCTURED &&
         !(request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_DF) && request->len)
     {
-        return nbd_co_send_sparse_read(client, request->handle, request->from,
+        return nbd_co_send_sparse_read(client, request, request->from,
                                        data, request->len, errp);
     }

     ret = blk_co_pread(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len, data, 0);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                       "reading from file failed", errp);
     }

     if (client->header_style >= NBD_HEADER_STRUCTURED) {
         if (request->len) {
-            return nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, request->handle,
+            return nbd_co_send_structured_read(client, request,
                                                request->from, data,
                                                request->len, true, errp);
         } else {
-            return nbd_co_send_structured_done(client, request->handle, errp);
+            return nbd_co_send_structured_done(client, request, errp);
         }
     } else {
-        return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request->handle, 0,
+        return nbd_co_send_simple_reply(client, request, 0,
                                         data, request->len, errp);
     }
 }
@@ -2524,7 +2529,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_do_cmd_cache(NBDClient *client, NBDRequest *request,
     ret = blk_co_preadv(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len,
                         NULL, BDRV_REQ_COPY_ON_READ | BDRV_REQ_PREFETCH);

-    return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+    return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                   "caching data failed", errp);
 }

@@ -2556,7 +2561,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
         assert(request->len <= NBD_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
         ret = blk_co_pwrite(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len, data,
                             flags);
-        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                       "writing to file failed", errp);

     case NBD_CMD_WRITE_ZEROES:
@@ -2572,7 +2577,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
         }
         ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(exp->common.blk, request->from, request->len,
                                    flags);
-        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                       "writing to file failed", errp);

     case NBD_CMD_DISC:
@@ -2581,7 +2586,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,

     case NBD_CMD_FLUSH:
         ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
-        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                       "flush failed", errp);

     case NBD_CMD_TRIM:
@@ -2589,12 +2594,12 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
         if (ret >= 0 && request->flags & NBD_CMD_FLAG_FUA) {
             ret = blk_co_flush(exp->common.blk);
         }
-        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, ret,
+        return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, ret,
                                       "discard failed", errp);

     case NBD_CMD_BLOCK_STATUS:
         if (!request->len) {
-            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL,
+            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL,
                                           "need non-zero length", errp);
         }
         assert(request->len <= UINT32_MAX);
@@ -2603,7 +2608,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
             int contexts_remaining = client->export_meta.count;

             if (client->export_meta.base_allocation) {
-                ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request->handle,
+                ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request,
                                                exp->common.blk,
                                                request->from,
                                                request->len, dont_fragment,
@@ -2616,7 +2621,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
             }

             if (client->export_meta.allocation_depth) {
-                ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request->handle,
+                ret = nbd_co_send_block_status(client, request,
                                                exp->common.blk,
                                                request->from, request->len,
                                                dont_fragment,
@@ -2632,7 +2637,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
                 if (!client->export_meta.bitmaps[i]) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                ret = nbd_co_send_bitmap(client, request->handle,
+                ret = nbd_co_send_bitmap(client, request,
                                          client->exp->export_bitmaps[i],
                                          request->from, request->len,
                                          dont_fragment, !--contexts_remaining,
@@ -2646,7 +2651,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,

             return 0;
         } else {
-            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL,
+            return nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL,
                                           "CMD_BLOCK_STATUS not negotiated",
                                           errp);
         }
@@ -2654,7 +2659,7 @@ static coroutine_fn int nbd_handle_request(NBDClient *client,
     default:
         msg = g_strdup_printf("invalid request type (%" PRIu32 ") received",
                               request->type);
-        ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request->handle, -EINVAL, msg,
+        ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request, -EINVAL, msg,
                                      errp);
         g_free(msg);
         return ret;
@@ -2717,7 +2722,7 @@ static coroutine_fn void nbd_trip(void *opaque)
         Error *export_err = local_err;

         local_err = NULL;
-        ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, request.handle, -EINVAL,
+        ret = nbd_send_generic_reply(client, &request, -EINVAL,
                                      error_get_pretty(export_err), &local_err);
         error_free(export_err);
     } else {
