diff --git a/automation/build/debian/12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile b/automation/build/debian/12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bdc935706bfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automation/build/debian/12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+FROM --platform=linux/arm64/v8 debian:bookworm
+LABEL maintainer.name="The Xen Project" \
+      maintainer.email="xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org"
+
+ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+ENV CROSS_COMPILE /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
+
+RUN <<EOF
+#!/bin/bash
+    set -eu
+
+    useradd --create-home user
+
+    apt-get update
+    DEPS=(
+        bison
+        build-essential
+        flex
+        gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf
+    )
+    apt-get --yes --no-install-recommends install "${DEPS[@]}"
+
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists*
+EOF
+
+USER user
+WORKDIR /build
diff --git a/automation/build/debian/bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile b/automation/build/debian/bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile
deleted file mode 100644
index 95b3f0428372..000000000000
--- a/automation/build/debian/bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc.dockerfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
-FROM --platform=linux/arm64/v8 debian:bookworm
-LABEL maintainer.name="The Xen Project" \
-      maintainer.email="xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org"
-
-ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
-ENV USER root
-ENV CROSS_COMPILE /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
-
-RUN mkdir /build
-WORKDIR /build
-
-# build depends
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get --quiet --yes install \
-        build-essential \
-        flex \
-        bison \
-        git \
-        gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf \
-        && \
-        apt-get autoremove -y && \
-        apt-get clean && \
-        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
diff --git a/automation/gitlab-ci/build.yaml b/automation/gitlab-ci/build.yaml
index c687298cc924..380021d49f12 100644
--- a/automation/gitlab-ci/build.yaml
+++ b/automation/gitlab-ci/build.yaml
@@ -367,39 +367,39 @@ debian-12-riscv64-gcc-debug:
 
 # Arm32 cross-build
 
-debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32:
+debian-12-arm32-gcc:
   extends: .gcc-arm32-cross-build
   variables:
-    CONTAINER: debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
+    CONTAINER: debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
     HYPERVISOR_ONLY: y
 
-debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug:
+debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug:
   extends: .gcc-arm32-cross-build-debug
   variables:
-    CONTAINER: debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
+    CONTAINER: debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
     HYPERVISOR_ONLY: y
 
-debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-randconfig:
+debian-12-arm32-gcc-randconfig:
   extends: .gcc-arm32-cross-build
   variables:
-    CONTAINER: debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
+    CONTAINER: debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
     HYPERVISOR_ONLY: y
     RANDCONFIG: y
 
-debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug-staticmem:
+debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug-staticmem:
   extends: .gcc-arm32-cross-build-debug
   variables:
-    CONTAINER: debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
+    CONTAINER: debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
     HYPERVISOR_ONLY: y
     EXTRA_XEN_CONFIG: |
       CONFIG_EXPERT=y
       CONFIG_UNSUPPORTED=y
       CONFIG_STATIC_MEMORY=y
 
-debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug-earlyprintk:
+debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug-earlyprintk:
   extends: .gcc-arm32-cross-build-debug
   variables:
-    CONTAINER: debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
+    CONTAINER: debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc
     HYPERVISOR_ONLY: y
     EXTRA_XEN_CONFIG: |
       CONFIG_EARLY_UART_CHOICE_PL011=y
diff --git a/automation/gitlab-ci/test.yaml b/automation/gitlab-ci/test.yaml
index 248281f47942..42baa82fe36f 100644
--- a/automation/gitlab-ci/test.yaml
+++ b/automation/gitlab-ci/test.yaml
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-staticmem:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-staticmem:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh static-mem 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug-staticmem
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug-staticmem
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-gzip:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-gzip:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh gzip 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-without-dom0:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-without-dom0:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh without-dom0 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-without-dom0:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-without-dom0:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh without-dom0 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug
 
 qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-earlyprintk:
   extends: .qemu-arm32
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32-gcc-debug-earlyprintk:
     - ./automation/scripts/qemu-smoke-dom0less-arm32.sh earlyprintk 2>&1 | tee ${LOGFILE}
   needs:
     - *arm32-test-needs
-    - debian-bookworm-gcc-arm32-debug-earlyprintk
+    - debian-12-arm32-gcc-debug-earlyprintk
 
 qemu-alpine-x86_64-gcc:
   extends: .qemu-x86-64
diff --git a/automation/scripts/containerize b/automation/scripts/containerize
index 1b75c8d93724..c9988bfe927d 100755
--- a/automation/scripts/containerize
+++ b/automation/scripts/containerize
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ case "_${CONTAINER}" in
     _bookworm-x86_64-gcc-ibt) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:12-x86_64-gcc-ibt" ;;
     _bookworm|_bookworm-x86_64|_) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:12-x86_64" ;;
     _bookworm-i386|_bookworm-x86_32) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:12-x86_32" ;;
-    _bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc" ;;
+    _bookworm-arm64v8-arm32-gcc) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:12-arm64v8-arm32-gcc" ;;
     _bookworm-arm64v8) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:12-arm64v8" ;;
     _bookworm-cppcheck) CONTAINER="${BASE}/debian:bookworm-cppcheck" ;;
     _opensuse-leap|_leap) CONTAINER="${BASE}/opensuse:leap-15.6-x86_64" ;;
