From patchwork Fri Oct 15 15:00:35 2021 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Patchwork-Submitter: Steven Rostedt X-Patchwork-Id: 12562293 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from mail.kernel.org (mail.kernel.org [198.145.29.99]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4A9DAC433EF for ; Fri, 15 Oct 2021 15:00:42 +0000 (UTC) Received: from vger.kernel.org (vger.kernel.org [23.128.96.18]) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 1E962611F0 for ; Fri, 15 Oct 2021 15:00:42 +0000 (UTC) Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S233005AbhJOPCr (ORCPT ); Fri, 15 Oct 2021 11:02:47 -0400 Received: from mail.kernel.org ([198.145.29.99]:53856 "EHLO mail.kernel.org" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S231208AbhJOPCr (ORCPT ); Fri, 15 Oct 2021 11:02:47 -0400 Received: from gandalf.local.home (cpe-66-24-58-225.stny.res.rr.com [66.24.58.225]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mail.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 6E0FA61056; Fri, 15 Oct 2021 15:00:37 +0000 (UTC) Date: Fri, 15 Oct 2021 11:00:35 -0400 From: Steven Rostedt To: LKML Cc: Ingo Molnar , "James E.J. Bottomley" , Helge Deller , Michael Ellerman , Benjamin Herrenschmidt , Paul Mackerras , Paul Walmsley , Palmer Dabbelt , Albert Ou , Thomas Gleixner , Borislav Petkov , x86@kernel.org, "H. Peter Anvin" , Josh Poimboeuf , Jiri Kosina , Miroslav Benes , Petr Mladek , Joe Lawrence , Colin Ian King , Masami Hiramatsu , "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" , Nicholas Piggin , Jisheng Zhang , linux-csky@vger.kernel.org, linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org, linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org, linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, live-patching@vger.kernel.org, =?utf-8?b?546L6LSH?= , Guo Ren Subject: [PATCH] tracing: Have all levels of checks prevent recursion Message-ID: <20211015110035.14813389@gandalf.local.home> X-Mailer: Claws Mail 3.17.8 (GTK+ 2.24.33; x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) MIME-Version: 1.0 Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org From: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" While writing an email explaining the "bit = 0" logic for a discussion on making ftrace_test_recursion_trylock() disable preemption, I discovered a path that makes the "not do the logic if bit is zero" unsafe. The recursion logic is done in hot paths like the function tracer. Thus, any code executed causes noticeable overhead. Thus, tricks are done to try to limit the amount of code executed. This included the recursion testing logic. Having recursion testing is important, as there are many paths that can end up in an infinite recursion cycle when tracing every function in the kernel. Thus protection is needed to prevent that from happening. Because it is OK to recurse due to different running context levels (e.g. an interrupt preempts a trace, and then a trace occurs in the interrupt handler), a set of bits are used to know which context one is in (normal, softirq, irq and NMI). If a recursion occurs in the same level, it is prevented*. Then there are infrastructure levels of recursion as well. When more than one callback is attached to the same function to trace, it calls a loop function to iterate over all the callbacks. Both the callbacks and the loop function have recursion protection. The callbacks use the "ftrace_test_recursion_trylock()" which has a "function" set of context bits to test, and the loop function calls the internal trace_test_and_set_recursion() directly, with an "internal" set of bits. If an architecture does not implement all the features supported by ftrace then the callbacks are never called directly, and the loop function is called instead, which will implement the features of ftrace. Since both the loop function and the callbacks do recursion protection, it was seemed unnecessary to do it in both locations. Thus, a trick was made to have the internal set of recursion bits at a more significant bit location than the function bits. Then, if any of the higher bits were set, the logic of the function bits could be skipped, as any new recursion would first have to go through the loop function. This is true for architectures that do not support all the ftrace features, because all functions being traced must first go through the loop function before going to the callbacks. But this is not true for architectures that support all the ftrace features. That's because the loop function could be called due to two callbacks attached to the same function, but then a recursion function inside the callback could be called that does not share any other callback, and it will be called directly. i.e. traced_function_1: [ more than one callback tracing it ] call loop_func loop_func: trace_recursion set internal bit call callback callback: trace_recursion [ skipped because internal bit is set, return 0 ] call traced_function_2 traced_function_2: [ only traced by above callback ] call callback callback: trace_recursion [ skipped because internal bit is set, return 0 ] call traced_function_2 [ wash, rinse, repeat, BOOM! out of shampoo! ] Thus, the "bit == 0 skip" trick is not safe, unless the loop function is call for all functions. Since we want to encourage architectures to implement all ftrace features, having them slow down due to this extra logic may encourage the maintainers to update to the latest ftrace features. And because this logic is only safe for them, remove it completely. [*] There is on layer of recursion that is allowed, and that is to allow for the transition between interrupt context (normal -> softirq -> irq -> NMI), because a trace may occur before the context update is visible to the trace recursion logic. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/609b565a-ed6e-a1da-f025-166691b5d994@linux.alibaba.com/ Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: edc15cafcbfa3 ("tracing: Avoid unnecessary multiple recursion checks") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) --- include/linux/trace_recursion.h | 41 +++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/linux/trace_recursion.h b/include/linux/trace_recursion.h index a9f9c5714e65..168fdf07419a 100644 --- a/include/linux/trace_recursion.h +++ b/include/linux/trace_recursion.h @@ -16,23 +16,8 @@ * When function tracing occurs, the following steps are made: * If arch does not support a ftrace feature: * call internal function (uses INTERNAL bits) which calls... - * If callback is registered to the "global" list, the list - * function is called and recursion checks the GLOBAL bits. - * then this function calls... * The function callback, which can use the FTRACE bits to * check for recursion. - * - * Now if the arch does not support a feature, and it calls - * the global list function which calls the ftrace callback - * all three of these steps will do a recursion protection. - * There's no reason to do one if the previous caller already - * did. The recursion that we are protecting against will - * go through the same steps again. - * - * To prevent the multiple recursion checks, if a recursion - * bit is set that is higher than the MAX bit of the current - * check, then we know that the check was made by the previous - * caller, and we can skip the current check. */ enum { /* Function recursion bits */ @@ -40,12 +25,14 @@ enum { TRACE_FTRACE_NMI_BIT, TRACE_FTRACE_IRQ_BIT, TRACE_FTRACE_SIRQ_BIT, + TRACE_FTRACE_TRANSITION_BIT, - /* INTERNAL_BITs must be greater than FTRACE_BITs */ + /* Internal use recursion bits */ TRACE_INTERNAL_BIT, TRACE_INTERNAL_NMI_BIT, TRACE_INTERNAL_IRQ_BIT, TRACE_INTERNAL_SIRQ_BIT, + TRACE_INTERNAL_TRANSITION_BIT, TRACE_BRANCH_BIT, /* @@ -86,12 +73,6 @@ enum { */ TRACE_GRAPH_NOTRACE_BIT, - /* - * When transitioning between context, the preempt_count() may - * not be correct. Allow for a single recursion to cover this case. - */ - TRACE_TRANSITION_BIT, - /* Used to prevent recursion recording from recursing. */ TRACE_RECORD_RECURSION_BIT, }; @@ -132,6 +113,7 @@ enum { TRACE_CTX_IRQ, TRACE_CTX_SOFTIRQ, TRACE_CTX_NORMAL, + TRACE_CTX_TRANSITION, }; static __always_inline int trace_get_context_bit(void) @@ -165,40 +147,29 @@ static __always_inline int trace_test_and_set_recursion(unsigned long ip, unsign unsigned int val = READ_ONCE(current->trace_recursion); int bit; - /* A previous recursion check was made */ - if ((val & TRACE_CONTEXT_MASK) > max) - return 0; - bit = trace_get_context_bit() + start; if (unlikely(val & (1 << bit))) { /* * It could be that preempt_count has not been updated during * a switch between contexts. Allow for a single recursion. */ - bit = TRACE_TRANSITION_BIT; + bit = TRACE_CTX_TRANSITION + start; if (val & (1 << bit)) { do_ftrace_record_recursion(ip, pip); return -1; } - } else { - /* Normal check passed, clear the transition to allow it again */ - val &= ~(1 << TRACE_TRANSITION_BIT); } val |= 1 << bit; current->trace_recursion = val; barrier(); - return bit + 1; + return bit; } static __always_inline void trace_clear_recursion(int bit) { - if (!bit) - return; - barrier(); - bit--; trace_recursion_clear(bit); }